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In this episode, I talk with Jenna Jennissary, a producer at Descriptive Video Works who specializes mostly in video games and still gets to write and perform audio description herself. We talk about how a Reddit post about a scene in “God of War” led her from regulatory affairs into audio description, where the field’s standards come from when no central body sets them, how tight timing makes writers experts at saying the same thing in fewer syllables, and what it takes to break in as a new audio description writer.
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Jenna and I start with what audio description is: a scripted narrator who speaks between the existing dialog to describe the visuals for blind and visually impaired viewers. She came to it from regulatory affairs at a pharmaceutical manufacturer after SightlessKombat asked on Reddit for someone to describe an emotional, dialog-free scene in “God of War.” Jenna thought she could do better than the first attempt, and the two of them ended up audio describing the whole game as a fan project, which led to her job at Descriptive Video Works.
The heart of our conversation is why Jenna calls audio description tech writing and creative writing smooshed together. No central body sets the rules; standards come from the biggest studios and clients like Netflix. Most of the constraints come down to timing: the narrator can only speak in the gaps, so you become an expert at finding synonyms with fewer syllables. We also talk about working past a sighted writer’s biases, including why, given the choice, it’s slightly better to describe an action just before it happens, so the listener has time to process it.
Jenna covers what makes a good audio description writer and what makes an excellent one, the tools and security measures behind the work, how blind players play video games, and how new writers break in, including practicing on YouDescribe. She recommends Netflix’s audio description guidelines and the American Council of the Blind’s Audio Description Project, and closes with her own life advice: if something in your day-to-day bugs you, change it.
About Jenna Jennissary:
Jenna is a Producer at Descriptive Video Works, the largest Audio Description studio in North America, and the leading studio for video game Audio Description. She has written many of the current industry standards to adapt AD writing to the unique constraints of video games, and advocates for quality above all for her oft-underserved audience. Thankfully, she still often gets to write or perform AD herself for live events.
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In this solo episode, I share my latest content updates progress and confess to finally jumping on the Claude Code bandwagon. I also reflect on my takeaways from Katie Cox’s interview (S3:E44) and some of the instructional design concepts she shared that most resonated with me.
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I finally finished my Minimum Viable Docs (MVD) list from the article editor layout release, four months later. I also finally gave in to using Claude Code when I needed to overhaul and update our OpenAPI spec file for our API documentation. My usage began innocently enough, trying to catch issues upgrading from version 2.x to 3.0 of the OpenAPI spec, but eventually included upgrading to version 3.1, updating Redoc, and overhauling a lot of the structure. Along the way, I still relied a lot on human expertise, in the form of API docs feedback from our developer Sue and OpenAPI technical expertise from Lorna Mitchell. I ultimately created a Claude skill that checks for valid YAML, validity against the OpenAPI spec file, validity against the Redoc linter CLI, and a few style guide choices.
I also reflect on my interview with Katie Cox, noting that there are a ton of ways that instructional design and technical writing overlap in terms of the skillset, the day-to-day work, and the focus on end-user needs. The primary difference, to me, lies between what a reader expects versus what a learner expects. I appreciated Katie’s focus on encouraging self-directed learning and not gating content behind clicks and required interactions. And I’m most looking forward to pairing learning objectives with a compelling narrative, one of the key tricks she uses in her work.
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In this episode, I talk with Katie Cox, an instructional designer who has spent her career in customer education and now builds an entire product Academy as a team of one. We talk about what customer education actually means and how it differs from documentation, how she partners with technical writers and has them review every course before it ships, the skills that transfer if you're a tech writer thinking about making the pivot, and why feedback is a gift you shouldn't take personally.
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Katie and I discuss her winding path into customer education, which started with a kinesiology degree, moved through a content editor role at an e-learning agency, and led to a Master's in education technology and her first customer education job at a software company with a pretty advanced program and a manager who became a formative mentor. We talk about what "customer education" actually means, why there's a push toward calling it "product education" instead, and how the content she builds gets used by customers, partners, and internal teams alike. Katie draws a clear line between learning content and documentation: people come to an Academy expecting to spend time learning, while people come to docs with a specific question and want out. That difference in expectations changes what you can ask of your audience and how you design the content.
A central thread of our conversation is how Katie's work and technical writing overlap in practice. She works out of her company's docs repo, repurposes screenshots and text from her technical writers so there's a single source of truth, and never releases a course without having a writer review it, because they know their topics well and they catch things. We dig into her approach to building courses: backwards design starting from learning objectives, a running scenario with fictional companies to anchor the content, and hands-on activities because people learn by doing. Katie is emphatic that clicks are not engagement, and that gating content behind forced interactions is the fastest way to lose a learner. As a team of one, she also pulls in colleagues to build courses using a template she created, which means she's used learning design to teach other people learning design.
We spend the second half on what it takes for a tech writer to move into instructional design. Katie, who has hired for these roles, says she'd hire a technical writer without hesitation, because the core skill of taking something complex and breaking it down is the same skill, and it's the thing she sees newcomers without that background struggle with most. The biggest difference she points to is scale: tech writers work page by page, while learning designers have to build a thread that runs through an entire course. We also cover whether you need a formal degree (she has one and learned more on the job), why the tooling matters less than the design thinking behind it, portfolio expectations and take-home assignments, and resources like Julie Dirksen's books, Cammy Bean's "The Accidental Instructional Designer," and the Customer Education Org Slack community. Katie closes with the best advice she's received: don't personalize it, because feedback is a gift.
About Katie Cox:
Katie Cox is an instructional designer who loves learning about learning, providing engaging courses for life-long learners, developing relationships that allow the learning design process to come to life, and nerding out over process optimization. Great educational experiences make a difference in people’s lives, and she's all about making those experiences the best they can be.
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In this solo episode, I share my latest content updates progress and reflect on my takeaways from Mat Patterson’s interview (S3:E42). I also share how my content in the Support KB has evolved over time and reflect on treating emails and other content forms as an invitation into someone’s space.
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Due to some medical things in the last month, I haven’t made significant progress on the article editor updates, but I have been keeping up with new releases. The Okta SCIM integration I mentioned in episode 41 was officially approved and released by Okta. 🎉We also released updates to our glossary term importer and URL checker tool, so I updated docs on those. And I finished part one of my productive procrastination task, replacing all hard-coded references to our HTML templates with references to a single code file for each.
I reflect on my interview with Mat Patterson. I love the central idea behind his business, More Human Content, that if you're a small company, you shouldn't act like a large company in the language you use. Keep the rough edges and the playfulness as long as you can. I believe this is great advice both for small and medium businesses but also for tech writers ourselves, both in the documentation we write and the way we present our services. One of the surprising takeaways for me from this episode was recognizing how much my own sense of appropriate content and voice in the Support Knowledge Base has evolved over time. In the early years, I avoided best practice or prescriptive guidance. But as I got to know our customer base better, I learned that this was guidance they really wanted from us, and so I’ve gradually incorporated more of it, just as Mat’s own newsletter writing experience evolved.
My other lingering takeaway from this conversation was Mat’s idea that when someone receives your newsletter, they’re inviting you into their inbox, very much like inviting you into their home. I love the idea of treating some forms of content and interactions like an invitation or like you’re a guest in someone’s space. I don’t write our newsletters anymore, but it has me thinking about at least reviewing some of my longform content–like best practice guidelines–to make sure it feels I'm properly respecting my readers and treating the topics and their attention with dignity and respect.
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In this episode, I talk with Mat Patterson, a CX professional turned technical marketing writer who spent nearly a decade each at Campaign Monitor and Help Scout before going freelance and founding More Human Content. We talk about why content that keeps its personality connects better than content with all the edges sanded off, how he treats an email newsletter as an invitation into someone's inbox rather than a transaction, why small companies shouldn't voluntarily start sounding like big ones, and how years of putting his own name and face on his work shaped his move into freelancing.
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Mat and I discuss his winding path into writing for a living, which started with tech support out of university and a stint as a web designer beginning in the late 1990s, when one HTML course was enough to qualify you. He shares the moment he noticed someone had copied his company website, not the design but the copy, which he took as a sign he should probably be doing more writing and less web design. He joined Campaign Monitor as a support person, a role that called for web design skills and that he came to as an existing customer, and we talk about how being a user first gives you a real feel for how a company thinks and treats people. Over nearly ten years there he handled email support while also writing content for the knowledge base, the blog, and eventually giving conference talks, and that combination led him to a customer evangelist role at Help Scout for another decade before he went freelance and founded More Human Content.
The heart of our conversation is Mat's case for keeping personality in the content you write. He describes the frustration of finding a company whose voice you like, then opening their documentation and discovering every bit of life has been sucked out of it. We talk about the gravitational pull that draws growing companies toward a middle ground of corporate language that makes everyone sound the same, and why small companies and individuals shouldn't voluntarily give that up when they don't have to. Mat also reframes email newsletters as something closer to an invitation: when someone hands you their email address, they're letting you into their house, so the least you can do is be interesting. We discuss why a newsletter can feel like a conversation rather than a transaction, why the small risk of putting personality into your writing is worth the connection it builds with the people who do respond to it, and how putting his own name and face on a decade of content built a following that followed him when he left.
We spend the second half on the practical side of going freelance, including the fact that Mat left Help Scout full time and immediately signed a contract to keep making their content, how he decided what other work to offer, the difference between the ideal client he'd love to find and the writing that pays the bills in the meantime, and why marketing yourself while you're already busy matters more than waiting until you need the work. We both land on the value of a "one-page menu" instead of trying to be a cafeteria, and Mat shares how Greg McKeown's Essentialism gave him permission to get better at the things he's genuinely good at rather than trying to learn everything. He also makes a case for reading broadly, including libraries and secondhand bookshops, where he turned up a 1952 book called How to Write Technical Books that worries about many of the same problems we still have. Mat closes with the advice he keeps coming back to even though he doesn't always manage it: stop talking and start listening.
About Mat Patterson:
A former SaaS customer support team leader, Mat spent years teaching people how to deliver better online support before founding More Human Content, creating customer-centric content for people-centric businesses.
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In this solo episode, I share my latest content updates progress and reflect on my takeaways from Vladimir Izmalkov’s interview (S3:E40). I also share my definition of productive procrastination, a documentation jobs board maintained by Adam Pugh, and our new “Hire a tech writer” program here on the podcast.
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I partnered with Sue, one of our developers, on an Okta SCIM integration project, doing some of the integration testing and creating the documentation so we could submit our integration to the Okta Integration Network. I made some article editor docs updates, but we released a number of new editor features and further interface changes, particularly to the versions functionality, so I’ll have a lot of new work and revisiting already-updated pages in my future. I’ve been battling burnout on the article editor docs, so I decided it was time for a little productive procrastination. This time, I decided to review our usage of Prism for code syntax highlighting and discovered it had new plugins we didn’t have, so I upgraded our installation, wrote docs on how to do that, and tested using a new plugin to load code blocks directly from files, which looks like it will streamline a lot of redundant work on my side!
I reflect on my interview with Vladimir Izmalkov, both in the utility of his tech writer skill tree but also how we both want our documentation to make someone’s life better or, as Vladimir put it “making [complicated things] simpler for people to enjoy them with less effort and less time spent.” Vladimir and Heather’s episodes complement each other well, both discussing nonlinear ways that skills can be developed and/or matched to new job opportunities.
And in the vein of job opportunities, I share two resources that may help you if you’re looking for work or looking to hire. The first is Adam Pugh’s good documentation jobs sheet, which is free and available to the public. He updates this periodically using tools that evaluate the content of a job, rather than just the title, and he gave me permission to share it on the show. The second is a new program we’re launching here on the podcast called Hire a tech writer, designed for those of you looking to hire awesome not-boring writers to share your open positions with our listener base in the hopes we can connect awesome listeners with each other. There’s a lot of uncertainty in our industries and roles right now, and we hope these resources help you navigate some of that uncertainty.
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In this episode, I talk with Vladimir Izmalkov, an experienced technical communicator who has built and managed documentation teams and worked across open source and enterprise software in both English and Russian. We talk about his RPG-inspired "skill tree" for technical writers, how mapping your skills into different "classes" can help you make sense of a nonlinear career, and how to build a personal grading system that lets you evaluate yourself against a job's requirements and pitch your adjacent skills with confidence.
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Vladimir and I discuss his winding path into technical writing, which began at a Russian research institute where he worked on information and communication systems for emergency response, before he realized that his mix of technical breadth and a knack for working with documents pointed toward technical writing. We talk about his move to the UK to work at a London startup documenting an open source database, the tension he felt blending honest technical documentation with marketing, and his current role at Canonical, where the team calls themselves "technical authors" to reflect their authority over documentation and their collaborative, guidance-focused work with engineers.
The heart of our conversation is Vladimir's RPG-inspired "skill tree" for technical writers, a model he developed to capture how nonlinear and multidimensional our careers really are. He explains how the many skills a tech writer can develop behave like independent dimensions, and how thinking in terms of "classes" (like a linguistics-focused writer, a tech-curious engineer, a "docs tool sage" who loves automation and tooling, a marketer, or a team leader) can help you make sense of your own experience. We discuss visualizing all of this on a radar chart, and why the real value isn't the picture itself but the deeper understanding it gives you of your strengths and gaps.
We also dig into the practical grading system that makes the skill tree useful for job hunting. Vladimir walks through how to build a leveling scale from a job posting's requirements, grade yourself honestly against it, and then identify where adjacent skills can compensate for gaps, using the example of pitching Docs as Code experience when a role calls for DITA. We close on AI as its own branch of the skill tree, including why Vladimir is cautious about generating documentation from scratch and why his most reliable results come from using AI to build deterministic, testable scripts he can automate rather than automating the AI itself.
About Vladimir Izmalkov:
Vladimir Izmalkov is a technical writer with 15+ years of experience creating developer-oriented documentation in Russian and English. A docs-as-code advocate, he has documented NoSQL databases, cloud platforms, and distributed systems, and takes a thoughtful, cautious approach to AI in technical documentation.
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In this solo episode, I share my latest content updates progress and reflect on my takeaways from Heather Zoppetti’s interview (S3:E38). I also share some thoughts on shifting from focusing on reducing stress to building confidence and share an anecdote about how my podcast t-shirt helped me discover a local tech writer in the wild.
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I wrote and hosted a series of five webinars on our Change Management Toolkit this month, which seemed to go well and which gave me a sense for where the gaps in the toolkit still are. I’m still hoping to create a publicly accessible version of the toolkit I can share with you. I’ve also been continuing to update docs as part of the article editor redesign, this month focusing on our synced articles, categories, and knowledge base documentation. This prompted a partial reorganization and the creation of 14 new articles as that reorganization identified content gaps.
I reflect on my interview with Heather Zoppetti, a former software developer and knitwear business owner. I love how Heather combined her software developer tech chops with a decade of crafting knitwear patterns and content to get her first tech writing job. I reflect on the similarities in our approaches and outlooks around getting feedback from other writers and viewing varied or unusual experiences as beneficial for a technical communicator. I’m trying to embrace her idea of technical communication’s goal of building confidence in your end-user, reader, or watcher, which I think is a much more positive way of framing my whole “reduce stress” goal.
I close by talking about all the different forms that technical communication can take, and therefore all the different paths and roles that technical communicators have. I share a story of a woman at a local natural foods store asking me questions about my podcast t-shirt, which culminated in me pointing out that if she writes SOPs, she’s a technical writer, too.
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In this episode, I talk with Heather Zoppetti, a senior technical writer who came to the field through software development and a decade spent running a hand-knitting pattern business. We talk about how technical communication shows up far beyond software documentation, how to recognize and reframe the transferable skills hiding in a nonlinear career, and why being willing to try something matters more than doing it perfectly.
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Heather and I discuss her winding path into technical writing, which started with a career in software development, took a decade-long detour into running a hand-knitting pattern and yarn business, and eventually circled back to tech. When she returned to job hunting and realized she no longer recognized the skills developers were expected to have, she stumbled on a technical writing posting and recognized the work immediately: writing knitting patterns is technical communication. She applied using her knitting patterns as her writing portfolio, and we talk about why her tech writing instincts came more from designing knitwear than from her years as a developer.
A central thread of our conversation is the idea that technical communication is far broader than software documentation. Heather pushed me to think beyond written text to formats like videos, live workshops, interactive lessons, and animated GIFs, and to recognize that different audiences and learning styles call for different approaches. We dig into her experiments with internal documentation at Vanguard, including running user research cohorts to learn the why behind how people use content, and why metrics alone can't tell you whether someone was genuinely absorbed or just stepped away from their desk. We also explore what happens when a docs team builds its own site using the design system it documents, and how "drinking your own champagne" surfaces bugs and builds trust with users.
We spend much of the second half on transferable skills and how to reframe a nonlinear career for a tech writing role. Heather and I both believe more people have technical communication experience than they realize, whether it's a pet medication schedule, a tax prep sheet, a restaurant menu, or a cheat sheet you wrote so your family stops calling you for help. We talk about treating your resume and cover letter as their own forms of technical communication, mapping your experience to the language in a job description, and why good documentation ultimately leaves your reader feeling confident they can do the thing. Heather closes with a reminder that stuck with me: you don't have to go all in to try something, and the only real way to find out if something is for you is to give it a go.
About Heather Zoppetti:
Heather Zoppetti, from Philadelphia, has a rich background in computer science and technical writing. Her current professional journey has her spending her days programming, creating tooling for engineers, and writing documentation. When she’s not typing away at code or text, Heather’s knitting, painting, or performing some other needle witchcraft like cross-stitch. She loves coffee, cats, and the Oxford comma.
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In this solo episode, I share my latest content updates progress and reflect on my takeaways from Florian Lefebvre’s interview (S3:E36). I also share some thoughts on how documentation leads can reduce stress for contributors or reviewers.
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I’ve been continuing to update docs as part of the article editor redesign, though somehow despite updating a lot, the total number hasn’t changed much. I've also helped with docs on a few new features, including small updates to our API endpoint documentation, writing some best practices for using URL redirect articles and categories, major changes to our URL checker, and writing some guidance on robots.txt customizations to prevent certain types of user agent traffic. I also reviewed docs someone else updated when we finally transitioned Advanced search to being a full find-and-replace feature. And, of course, I kept quite busy with Write the Docs Portland, serving as the Writing Day Coordinator!
I reflect on my interview with Florian Lefebvre, co-maintainer of Astro. I love Florian’s story arc of going from someone who self-described as “lazy” and “not enthusiastic” about docs to becoming someone for whom docs are an essential part of building a feature. And I love how Astro Docs uses "talking and doc-ing" meetings to work through core concepts rather than turn them into grammar nitpick fests, lowering the barrier for non-native English speakers and folks who aren’t professional writers to produce clear, accurate documentation.
I close by reflecting on the ways that the processes Sarah Rainsberger, docs lead at Astro Docs, has built processes that have reduced stress for her contributors, including the talking and doc-ing meetings but also the single page for experimental features, taking on the responsibility of content hierarchy, multiple pages, and cross-references for herself. I use a vaguely similar approach here at KnowledgeOwl but I haven’t tried the single page approach, and I may have to try this out with my team. In my own experience, decisions about naming pages and deciding where they live in the content hierarchy are some of the most stressful tasks for my team, and removing those as tasks has made them a lot more excited to contribute to documentation.
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