The New York Times reported the following on the 19th of March, 1897: “Monday found the old iron vessel buffeted about at the mercy of a full gale and turbulent seas. That night the elements broke out in a wild frenzy. The combers made a breach over the decks, they ripped off the hatches, and under their terrific bombardment the doors of the cabin were battered in. Water flooded the saloon, filled the hold, and rushed into the engine room.”

Ship Name: Ville de St Nazaire 

Year Built: 1870 

Tonnage: 2640

Nationality: French 

Ship Type: Single Screw Steamship 

Year Wrecked: 1897

Reason for Wreck: Sank in a Storm

Location Lost: Somewhere off Cape Hatteras

Lives Lost: 62

Sources:

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/88084674?searchTerm=ville%20de%20st%20nazaire%20shipwreck

https://books.google.com/books?id=mNEsAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA45-PA2&dq=ville+de+st+nazaire+shipwreck+1897&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiXl_qg14GIAxUC4MkDHVc4K8IQ6AF6BAgHEAI#v=onepage&q=ville%20de%20st%20nazaire%20shipwreck%201897&f=false

https://nyshistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=tjd18970318-01.1.1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN----------

https://newspapers.library.in.gov/?a=d&d=IJ18970329.1.2&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------

https://newspapers.library.in.gov/?a=d&d=IJ18970323.1.1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN-------

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/32344572

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1897/03/29/102538989.html?pageNumber=1

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1897/03/19/102058938.html?pageNumber=3

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1897/04/01/102539357.html?pageNumber=1

In a somewhat fiery interview with the chief officer of the Oceanic to a reporter from the Daily Alta on the 23rd of August, 1888 he issued the following statement to the press: “The men of the Chester,” he said, “say they lowered our boats. Do you think it at all likely that a true sailorman will leave his own vessel, clamber up into a strange ship, and proceed to lower her boats? The men who say they did that also claim it was fully twenty-five minutes before the Chester sunk. If that was so why did they not stay on their own vessel and lower their own boats?”

Year Built: 1875

Tonnage: 1106 tons 

Nationality: United States of America 

Ship Type: Iron Hulled Steamship 

Year Wrecked: 1888

Location Wrecked: Near Fort Point San Francisco 

Reason for Wreck: Collision with the Oceanic 

Lives Lost: 16

Sources: 

https://books.google.com/books?id=WDIwghu6e4MC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=city+of+chester+shipwreck+1888&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18880823.2.2.9&e=-------en--20-DAC-21-byDA-txt-txIN-City+of+Chester+sunk-------

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18880824.2.2&srpos=1&e=-------en--20-DAC-1-byDA-txt-txIN-The+Bay+Tragedy%2C+Officers+of+the+Oceanic+praise+their+Chinese+sailors-------

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18880824.2.2.1&srpos=34&e=-------en--20-DAC-21-byDA-txt-txIN-City+of+Chester+sunk-------

https://nmssanctuaries.blob.core.windows.net/sanctuaries-prod/media/archive/shipwrecks/city-of-chester/city_of_chester_fact_sheet.pdf

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJH18880822.2.13&srpos=4&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/news/apr14/city-of-chester.html

https://books.google.com/books?id=0JoKAAAAYAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=oceanic+collision+city+of+chester&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MP18880823.2.2&srpos=13&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=VFPW18880824.2.12&srpos=17&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18880830.2.3&srpos=37&e=-------en--20-DAC-21-byDA-txt-txIN-City+of+Chester+sunk-------

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18880825.2.2&srpos=19&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SDDU18880823.2.2&srpos=6&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH18880828.2.31&srpos=25&e=------188-en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=HTS18880824.2.13&srpos=14&e=------188-en--20--1-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18880829.2.3&srpos=26&e=------188-en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH18880830.2.28&srpos=30&e=------188-en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=HTS18880828.2.19&srpos=23&e=------188-en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DAC18880827.2.9&e=------188-en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18880824.2.37&srpos=27&e=-------en--20--21-byDA-txt-txIN-City+of+Chester%2C+Oceanic%2C+cheese-------

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH18881003.2.19&srpos=43&e=------188-en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=LAH18881010.2.21&srpos=45&e=------188-en--20--41-byDA-txt-txIN-Chester%2C+Oceanic-ARTICLE-1001--1888---

The Lethbridge Herald on March 26, 1931, announced the following on its front page: “Marooned on a loose ice-pack in the North Atlantic, surviving members of the crew of an unidentified vessel, believed to be the sealing ship “Viking”, were drifting seaward with the floe off White Bay, it was stated in messages reaching the government from that point today. The vessel had burned to the water’s edge, the message said.”

Ship Name: Viking 

Year Built: 1881

Ship Type: Wooden Sealing Steamship 

Nationality: Canadian 

Year Wrecked: 1931

Location Wrecked: Near Horse Islands, Newfoundland 

Reason for Wreck: Gunpowder Explosion 

Lives Lost: 28

Sources: 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6SrpuHcwrw

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/61579864

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/61579499

https://books.google.com/books?id=YahBncpdBaUC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=bowring+brothers+fleet&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fridtjof-Nansen

https://collections.mun.ca/digital/collection/cns/id/102348

https://newspaperarchive.com/altoona-mirror-mar-23-1931-p-1/

https://newspaperarchive.com/kingston-daily-gleaner-aug-10-1931-p-16/

https://newspaperarchive.com/miami-daily-news-record-mar-23-1931-p-6/

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/03/17/issue.html

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/03/18/102220207.html?pageNumber=2

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/06/14/118208461.html?pageNumber=142

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1931/03/18/102220213.html?pageNumber=2

https://newspaperarchive.com/lowell-sun-apr-13-1931-p-27/

https://newspaperarchive.com/lethbridge-herald-mar-16-1931-p-1/

https://newspaperarchive.com/brainerd-daily-dispatch-mar-18-1931-p-1/

https://newspaperarchive.com/lismore-northern-star-mar-20-1931-p-7/

https://newspaperarchive.com/the-berkshire-evening-eagle-mar-20-1931-p-2/

https://newspaperarchive.com/madison-wisconsin-state-journal-mar-17-1931-p-1/

https://books.google.com/books?id=St-eAAAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=viking+ship+explosion+1931&source=gbs_navlinks_s

Peter Barker, second mate on the Antelope wrote in his introduction to his story of the shipwreck: “However fatal and unfriendly the dreadful rocks round the Pelew islands may have proved to the navigators, it does not appear that anyone capable of relating his own misfortunes, with sufficient accuracy to claim public attention, ever before escaped from thence.”

Ship Name: Antelope 

Nationality: British 

Tonnage: 300

Year Built: 1781

Ship Type: Packet Ship 

Year Wrecked: 1783

Location Wrecked: Palau 

Reason for Wreck: Struck Reef 

Lives Lost: 1

Sources: 

https://books.google.com/books?id=qZZeAAAAcAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=antelope+shipwreck+1783&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=zaxqKOIREigC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=antelope+shipwreck+1783&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/rmgc-object-110509

https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG129711

https://books.google.com/books?id=j0ZPAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=antelope+shipwreck+1783&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=d4wZhBCatvcC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=antelope+shipwreck+1783&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxh3ft&view=1up&seq=125&q1=antelope

https://books.google.com/books?id=gDoIAAAAQAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=shipwreck+stories&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://www.loc.gov/item/78009673

War Chronicle from June 1916 documented the detailed statement made by the German Government on the subject of the sinking of the Tubantia: “According to the opinion of expert German naval authorities it can happen owing to technical failures, regrettable as this is, that torpedoes which have missed their aim, do not always sink. Experience has proved that these torpedoes often float about for days and according to the imporosity of the chambers fixed at the head and tail of the torpedo their position in the water is more or less inclined.”  

Ship Name: Tubanita 

Year Built: 1914

Ship Type: Twin Screw Steamship 

Tonnage: 13,963

Nationality: Netherlands

Year Wrecked: 1916  

Location Wrecked: Three Miles from Noord Hinder 

Reason for Wreck: Struck by a Torpedo 

Lives Lost: 4 

Sources: 

https://newspaperarchive.com/mount-pleasant-daily-news-apr-04-1916-p-1/

https://newspaperarchive.com/brunswick-news-mar-18-1916-p-4/

https://newspaperarchive.com/ararat-advertiser-mar-21-1916-p-6/

https://newspaperarchive.com/the-penny-press-mar-17-1916-p-1/

https://www.worldcourts.com/ici/eng/decisions/1922.02.27_tubantia.htm

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1916/03/17/104668975.html?pageNumber=1

https://www.loc.gov/resource/2004540423/1916-03-14/ed-1/?dl=all&sp=73&st=text&r=0.119,0.26,0.265,0.319,0

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1916/03/18/issue.html

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/124912271?browse=ndp%3Abrowse%2Ftitle%2FD%2Ftitle%2F395%2F1916%2F03%2F22%2Fpage%2F10516541%2Farticle%2F124912271

https://books.google.com/books?id=-Ylm7UrOu4IC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=holland+lloyd+tubantia&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=1RpSAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=xOJHAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=f0rOAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=OoajAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=o6MWkdm4pgIC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=3anlAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=holland+lloyd+tubantia&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=JVQwAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=holland+lloyd+tubantia&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=PksjMP_6r0QC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=z5U7AQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+alexander+stephen+and+sons+glasgow&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=CzIg8sqXaosC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=tubantia+shipwreck+1916&source=gbs_navlinks_s

On the 5th of May, 1893 the Western Mail reported on a Reuter’s telegram from Aden: “There is much anxiety here regarding the steamship Khiva, which left Bombay for Jeddah and other ports on April 12 with a very large number of Mussulman pilgrims aboard, who were going to Mecca, and has been several days overdue. News has just been received here that the steamer has been destroyed by fire off Ras Marbet.” 

Ship Name: Khiva 

Ship Built: 1873

Tonnage: 2609

Ship Type: Iron-Hulled Steamship

Nationality: India 

Year Wrecked: 1893

Location Wrecked: Mirbat, Oman 

Reason for Wreck: Fire 

Lives Lost: 20

Sources:

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3046544/3046547/29/mecca%2BOR%2Bpilgrim%2BOR%2Bshipwreck

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/4326515/4326522/106/khiva

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/13935839?searchTerm=khiva

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/198246609/21901882

https://ia600901.us.archive.org/0/items/oldcountrytradeo00coatrich/oldcountrytradeo00coatrich.pdf

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/25658079?searchTerm=khiva

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/227089418?searchTerm=khiva

https://books.google.com/books?id=Ryt_2IGtXCwC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=khiva+ship+fire+1893&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=ivsTAAAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=vaitarna+ship&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=4qkVXHk_tpEC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=pilgrim+ship+fire&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=i0MwAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=khiva+ship+fire+1893&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=udr1n4Cmf6sC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=khiva+ship+fire+1893&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://books.google.com/books?id=gnLiAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=khiva+1893+spontaneous+combustion&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://www.poheritage.com/Upload/Mimsy/Media/factsheet/93522KHIVA-1874pdf.pdf

The Illustrated Usk Observer and Raglan Herald reported on the 27th of September, 1862 that “The Golden Gate had on board 1,400,747 dols. 273,100 dols were consigned to England 13,000 dols to Panama, and the remainder, 1,114,647 dols to New York. On the news of the catastrophe reaching San Francisco, Lloyd’s agents communicated with the representatives of the Pacific mail steam packet as to the measures to be adopted with the view of recovering the specie.”

Year Built: 1850 

Nationality: United States of America 

Tonnage: 2067

Ship Type: Sidewheel Steamship 

Year Wrecked: 1862

Location Wrecked: 15 Miles West of Manzanillo Mexico 

Reason for Wreck: Fire 

Lives Lost: 173

Sources: 

https://postalmuseum.si.edu/the-sinking-of-the-%E2%80%9Cgolden-gate%E2%80%9D

https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-inquirer-aug-18-1862-p-4/

https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-inquirer-aug-08-1862-p-1/

https://newspaperarchive.com/lancaster-examiner-and-herald-sep-03-1862-p-3/

https://newspaperarchive.com/philadelphia-press-aug-08-1862-p-2/

https://newspaperarchive.com/nevada-city-democrat-aug-07-1862-p-2/

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/4351775/4351779/11/Golden%2BOR%2BGate

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3100611/3100614/12/Golden%2BOR%2BGate

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3093436/3093443/49/Golden%2BOR%2BGate%2BOR%2BShipwreck

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3080310/3080314/31/Golden%2BOR%2BGate%2BOR%2BShipwreck

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1862/08/31/78697118.html?pageNumber=4

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1862/08/08/78694989.html?pageNumber=4

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1862/09/26/79178514.html?pageNumber=4

The Brisbane Courier on the 15th of April, 1887 carried the following report from a correspondent who had gone to great lengths to find out what had happened in the latest maritime disaster: “Today I disembarked at Pauillac from the Pacific Steam Navigation Company’s steamship Patagonia, which had on board most of the survivors of the ill-fated immigrant ship Kapunda…I joined the vessel at Lisbon, and during the passage hither conversed with the survivors with the object of eliciting the details of a disaster which had hitherto been described only in the barest outline.”

Ship Name: Kapunda 

Year Built: 1875

Nationality: British 

Tonnage: 1135

Ship Type: Iron-Hulled Sailing Vessel 

Year Wrecked: 1887

Reason for Wreck: Struck by the Ada Melmore 

Location Wrecked: 600 Miles From the Coast of Brazil 

Lives Lost: 303

Sources: 

https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-news-the-loss-of-the-kapunda/4659986/

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/11593501

https://www.clydeships.co.uk/view.php?ref=13819

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/11595512

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/3467175

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/11594068

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/66081347

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/175124733

https://books.google.com/books?id=m1RJAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA469&dq=kapunda+shipwreck+1887&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwit3eyY_vSGAxXIhIkEHaNHC1UQ6AF6BAgEEAI#v=onepage&q=kapunda%20shipwreck%201887&f=false

https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/ST18870419.2.17

https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/ST18870419.2.17

https://www.clydeships.co.uk/view.php?ref=8903

https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NOT18870408.2.25

In the History of the Navigation of the Great Lakes, published in 1911, Ralph Gordon Plumb: “Then followed the first disaster of magnitude that occurred on Lake Michigan. This was the burning of the Phoenix off Sheboygan on November 21, 1847. This boat, too, had 250 emigrants from Holland on board in route to Milwaukee. The lake had been rough and the boat had remained in Manitowoc Harbor until it was thought safe to venture out.”

Ship Name: Phoenix 

Year Built: 1845

Tonnage 305

Ship type: Wooden Hulled Propeller Steamer 

Nationality: United States of America 

Year Wrecked: 1847

Reason for Wreck: Caught Fire 

Location Wrecked: Lake Michigan, Sank Near Sheboygan Wisconsin 

Lives Lost: Estimated to be around 250

Sources: 

https://newspaperarchive.com/weekly-wisconsin-mar-29-1848-p-8/

https://newspaperarchive.com/montrose-peoples-advocate-dec-09-1847-p-2/

https://newspaperarchive.com/independent-american-and-general-advertiser-dec-03-1847-p-2/

https://newspaperarchive.com/portage-sentinel-dec-01-1847-p-2/

https://books.google.com/books?id=mj82AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA188&dq=phoenix+sheboygan+1847&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwja_Nutg_WGAxVmlIkEHcR6CGYQ6AF6BAgFEAI#v=onepage&q=phoenix%20sheboygan%201847&f=false

https://books.google.com/books?id=jcQyAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA283&dq=phoenix+burning+great+lakes&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwit8q7IgPWGAxVjv4kEHdxXALg4HhDoAXoECAwQAg#v=onepage&q=phoenix%20burning%20great%20lakes&f=false

https://www.michiganshipwrecks.org/shipwrecks-2/shipwreck-categories/shipwrecks-lost/phoenix

https://images.maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes.ca/30035/data?n=2

https://newspaperarchive.com/rock-river-pilot-dec-01-1847-p-3/

The Cardiff Times reported the following story on the 2nd of March, 1895: “She was awakened by the crash about 5:30. People were rushing about on deck, and the water was coming into her cabin. She made her way on deck and went to the port side. The sea was then very rough, and it was dark but starlight; there was no fog and, and no confusion on board. The crew was making efforts to launch the boats, but the ropes were frozen, and had to be cut with axes.”

Year Built: 1881

Tonnage: 4897

Nationality: German 

Ship Type: Iron Hulled Screw Steamer 

Year Wrecked: 1895 

Reason for Wreck: Struck by the Crathie 

Location Wrecked: 47 Miles Southwest from Lowestoft

Lives Lost: 374

Sources: 

https://books.google.com/books?id=EA0AAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=north+german+lloyd+liner+elbe&source=gbs_navlinks_s

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3735783/3735788/56/elbe%20shipwreck

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/4332269/4332272/11/elbe%20shipwreck

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/02/27/102449382.html?pageNumber=5

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1895/03/25/103364130.html?pageNumber=5

https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SDU18950201.2.2&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/21630201/2365745

https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/SOTON_Documents/Plimsoll/16670.pdf

https://newspapers.library.wales/view/3253494/3253497/44/elbe%20shipwreck

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https://newspapers.library.wales/view/4601502/4601506