THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION
1 - THE SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION AS A RECAPITULATION OF CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY:
Weber And The Prophetic Roots Of Western Rationalism:
Since the seminal writings of Max Weber, the sociology of religion has developed a rather curious line of reasoning regarding the cultural and historical significance of Hebrew prophecy. On the one hand, the latter has been seen as nothing less than the intellectual enterprise that generated the uniqueness of our civilization by conceiving the idea of a universal God (who rewards those who obey His commandments and punishes those who transgress them) and establishing, from this conception, the precept, incompatible with "all genuinely Asian thought," that "through prosaic behavior, directed at the 'demands of the day,' it is possible to obtain salvation."
On the other hand, he has been attributed with the promise of a future in which Israel would prevail over all other nations, which, after the devastating experience of the exile in Babylon.
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