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Vocabulary:

Nocturnal animals are animals that sleep during the day and are active at night.

Nocturnal is an adjective that means done, occurring, or active at night.

A motif is a repeated pattern—an image, sound, word, or symbol that comes back again and again within a particular story.

A night owl is a person who is habitually active or wakeful at night.

Vertebrae are the small circular bones that form the spine of a human being or animal.

Nature refers to the innate or essential qualities or character of a person or animal.

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Vocabulary:

Craftsmanship means skill in a particular craft.

A craft is an activity that involves skill in making things by hand.

The Industrial Revolution was a period of great scientific and technological development that began in Great Britain in the 18th Century, with one of its defining characteristics being the transition from creating goods by hand to creating goods with the use of machines.

A precursor is a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind.

A withy pot is a type of trap made from willow sticks and used for catching crabs and lobsters.

Extinction is the state of being no longer in existence.

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Vocabulary:

The Grim Reaper refers to a personification of death in the form of a cloaked skeleton wielding a large scythe.

A side effect is any effect of a drug, chemical, or other medicine that is in addition to its intended effect, especially an effect that is harmful or unpleasant.

A dose is a quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time.

The word tolerance refers to a reduced response or diminished sensitivity to a particular substance or stimulus over time, often requiring increased amounts or intensity to achieve the same effects or sensations as initially experienced.

The verb opt means to make a choice from a range of possibilities.

A stimulant is a substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.

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Vocabulary:

A siesta is an afternoon rest or nap, especially one taken during the hottest hours of the day in a hot climate.

Dawn is the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.

The phrase "to make ends meet" means to earn just enough money to live on.

A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.

A power nap is a short sleep taken during the working day in order to restore one's mental alertness.

Groggy means dazed, weak, or unsteady, especially from illness, intoxication, sleep, or a blow.

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Vocabulary:

If you rebrand a product or organisation it means you present it to the public in a new way (e.g. by changing its name or appearance).

A sanction is an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do something, such as obeying international law.

The adjective copycat means copied from someone else's product, design, etc. 

If you pledge to do something, you promise in a serious way to do it.

A profiteer is an individual or an organisation that takes advantage of a situation in which other people are suffering, to make a profit.

When an organisation is unable to honour its financial obligations or make payment to its creditors, it files for bankruptcy.

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Vocabulary:

Pagpag is the Tagalog term for leftover food from restaurants scavenged from dumps or other waste facilities.

A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty.

A resident is a person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis.

Being meticulous means showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.

Foolproof means incapable of going wrong or being misused.

Food poverty is the condition of not having access to sufficient food, or food of adequate quality, to meet one's basic needs.

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Vocabulary:

A music festival is an organised event, typically lasting several days, featuring performances by various musicians, singers, and bands.

A lineup is a group of people or things brought together for a particular purpose, especially the members of a sports team or a group of musicians or other entertainers.

The word extortionate is used to describe a price that is extremely expensive and unfair.

The word broadcast means to transmit (a programme or some information) by radio or television. 

A facility is a place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.

A breeding ground is a place or situation that favours the development or occurrence of something.

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Vocabulary:

Tipping is the act of giving an amount of money to someone who has provided a service, especially in a hotel or restaurant.

First-hand means from the original source or personal experience; directly. 

A social norm is a socially acceptable or appropriate behaviour in a particular social situation.

Hospitality is the business of providing food, drink, and accommodation for customers of restaurants, bars, etc., or guests at hotels. 

Harsh means cruel, severe, or unkind.

Disdain refers to the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect.

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Vocabulary:

A pet peeve is something that a person finds particularly annoying.

The word literally can be used for emphasis while not being literally true.

If you grunt, it means you make a low inarticulate sound, typically to express effort. 

To drown out a sound means it is covered up or made harder to hear by another louder sound.

If you slurp something it means you drink or eat it with a loud sucking noise.

Body odour (BO) is the unpleasant smell of a person's unwashed body

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Vocabulary:

The creative process is the method of developing new ideas, making connections between ideas, and producing a piece of art based on those ideas.  

A chatbot is a computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the internet. 

A genre is a style or category of art, music, or literature. 

The word inspire means to fill (someone) with the urge or ability to do or feel something, especially to do something creative. 

The adverb vice versa means in reverse order from the way something has been stated; the other way around. 

The word collaborate means to work together with somebody in order to produce or achieve something.