1. DAVIDE REDIVO
Hello everyone, my name is Davide. Today we are celebrating the World Oceans Day so I would like to share with you the importance of raising awareness of how much the oceans represent a unique and indispensable resource not only for mankind, but for the entire ecosystem. Before anything else, I must thank the Thinking Watermill Society for inviting the Parioli English School to the podcast. We are 3 students who deeply believe in this project for the protection of the marine environment.
Unless you’ve been making a superhuman effort to avoid the news recently, you’ll know that the ocean is vital to life on Earth. But why, exactly, is this the case?
First of all, it has the important role of helping us “breathe”.
The Phytoplankton, tiny plant-like organisms that live in the sea, are responsible for at least 50% of the oxygen on the Earth.
Just like land-based plants, they contain chlorophyll to capture sunlight and use photosynthesis to convert it into the energy they need, producing oxygen as a byproduct. They also consume carbon dioxide, transferring about 10 gigatonnes of carbon from the atmosphere deep into the ocean.
In addition, the entire ocean works as a real climate regulator:
In fact, it absorbs huge amounts of heat from the sun. “More than 90% of the warming that has happened on Earth over the past 50 years has occurred in the ocean” according to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “More than 90% of the warming that has happened on Earth over the past 50 years has occurred in the ocean”
That heat tends to be at its most intense nearer the equator, with the water nearest the surface warming the most. Sea currents then transport that heat around the world; north and south, towards the poles. As some of the seawater evaporates, it becomes denser and heavier due to its relatively higher salt content. That causes it to sink, taking some of the warm water deeper.
Some currents are directly responsible for specific climatic effects. One example is the Gulf Stream, which takes warmer water from the Gulf of Mexico across the Atlantic to Europe. If the Gulf Stream were disrupted, much of the western part of Europe – including the UK, Ireland and France – could become colder.
Now I would like to introduce Alejandro who will provide further information regarding this topic.
2. ALEJANDRO MURRUGARRA
Hello, I am Alejandro.
Another reason to take into account is that fish is on the menu for billions of people around the world every day and it accounts for almost 16% of all animal protein consumed globally. Of course, there’s more to seafood than fish, crustacea and other edible creatures. A range of algae and sea plants are also commonly used in cooking.
The UN Food and Agriculture Organization lists sodium, calcium, magnesium, and iodine among some of the important nutrients in seaweed. Iodine deficiency has been identified as the “most prevalent and easily preventable” cause of impaired cognitive development in children.
Pressure on resources and the environment have led to calls for food production and for people’s diets to change. A cow, for example, produces 2.8kg of greenhouse gas per kilo of live body weight and needs 10kg of feed for every kilo it weighs.
Plus, to get just one gram of protein from cattle, you need 112 litres of water. The oceans, if properly managed and maintained, could form an important part of a more sustainable approach to feeding the planet’s growing human population.
Needless to say, the ocean is not just a source of food. It is also home to an abundance of life. While estimates on the number of species that live in the sea exist, no one knows with absolute certainty what that number is.
According to the US National Library of Medicine’s National Institutes of Health, “91% of species in the ocean still await description.” That’s due in no small part to the vastness of the oceans, which cover around 70% of the planet’s surface and are up to 11,000 metres deep. The number of yet-to-be-discovered creatures living in the sea could easily run into the millions.
Now Enrico is going to put forward another consideration in favour of oceans.
3. THE OCEAN ECONOMY
Hi, i’m Enrico.
Another reason why we all should care for the oceans is that they provide people with millions of job opportunities. Indeed, by 2030, ocean-based industries will employ more than 40 million people worldwide, an OECD report estimates. The biggest share of those jobs is likely to be in the fisheries sector, followed by tourism. As OECD has analyzed, by the next 20 years the economic sectors that will grow the most will be: offshore wind [24.52%] followed by industrial fish processing [6.26%], industrial marine aquaculture [5.69%] and industrial capture fisheries [4.10%].
In addition, the economic health of maritime industries is fundamentally linked to the overall health of the oceans, of course. The ocean economy is of particular importance in developing countries, which are home to most of 3 billion people who rely on the sea for their livelihoods.
However, challenges like climate change, pollution and a simple lack of awareness of sustainable ocean stewardship techniques continue to put maritime resources at risk. That will limit the potential socioeconomic benefits those resources represent for future generations, as well as stifling people’s earning abilities in the present.
The ocean is therefore fundamental for human existence because it regulates rainfall and droughts, holds 97% of our planet’s water, and absorbs CO2, helping keep the carbon cycle in balance. From food to jobs, it’s a lifeline for billions of people, too.
But the ocean is also a beautiful natural environment with an invaluable recreational role to play. And with research showing a connection between spending time in the natural world and lowering your stress levels, that might be something else worth holding on to.
For all these reasons, we have to start acting now. Not only should we try to do our best to safeguard the oceans and their creatures for the future generations, but we should preserve all their resources as well. Every single small act of awareness, such as reducing any waste discarded in oceans or intensive fishing can make the big difference.
And remember to take care of the environment as it were yourself,
Thank you for your attention!
