In this episode of The Weekly Fix, Ajeet Atwal, Portfolio Manager on the BlueBay U.S. Fixed Income Team, examines the supply and demand factors that are driving the ongoing strength of the leveraged loan market in the U.S.
Lower Credit Quality Securities. CLO portfolios and interest could be deemed by rating agencies to have substantial vulnerability to default in payment of interest and/or principal. Other securities could have the lowest quality ratings or be unrated, have been downgraded or have been placed on “credit watch” for future downgrades. Lower rated and unrated securities can have large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions and can be considered to be speculative. Generally, such securities offer a higher return potential than higher rated securities but involve greater volatility of price and greater risk of loss of income and principal. The market values of portfolios or interests in CLOs also tend to be more sensitive to changes in market or economic conditions than other securities. The value of the leveraged loans underlying a CLO can also be affected by changes in the market’s perception of the entity issuing or guaranteeing them, or by changes in government regulations and tax policies.
Leverage Risk. Leverage can result from certain transactions, borrowing and reverse repurchase agreements and derivatives. Leverage can exaggerate the effect of a change in the value of the portfolio’s securities, causing the portfolio to be more volatile than if leverage was not used. Losses incurred on leveraged investments will increase in direct proportion to the degree of leverage employed. CLO portfolios and investors also incur interest expense on borrowings used to leverage its positions. The use of leverage also can result in the forced liquidation of positions (which could otherwise have been profitable) as a result of margin or collateral calls. For CLO portfolios and investors, to the extent the Adviser can adjust leverage levels, the Adviser could increase (or decrease) leverage at times when it is not advantageous to do so and, as a result, the value of certain securities issued by the CLO could decrease.