In this episode, Thomas regales us with the incredible story of trans woman, mother, and fugitive, Elizabeth Carmichael. Was she a fraudster? Did she get a fair trial? What is the link between her story and the challenges faced by the trans community today? Stay tuned for a discussion of all those questions, as well as The Price is Right and Unsolved Mysteries.

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Content Warning:

This episode discusses violence against incarcerated trans women, and media fueled transphobia.

Sources:

Alexander, Jack. "She's our Man! After 8 ½-year Search, Cops Nab Sex-change Swindler!" Weekly World, 27.6.1989.

Anon. “A Dale for Sale.” Drag Supplemental, 1975.

Anon. “Liz Carmichael’s Dream Buggy Turns into a Nightmare.” People Magazine, 10.3.1975.

Anon. "She Really is a He:The Bizarre Liz Carmichael Auto Caper." People Magazine, 28.4.1975.

Associated Press, Dallas. “Investors Raced to Buy Car thatNever Got Onto Track.” Lincoln Star, 16.2.1975.

Associated Press, Los Angeles. “Dale Verdict Thrown Out.” SanBernardino Sun, 20.1.1977.

Associated Press, Los Angeles. “Man gets Probation in Hoax.” North County Times 64, 29.6.1976.

Bady-Davis, Precious and Zackary Drucker, Nick Cammilleri, Mark Duplass, Jay Duplass, and Susan Stryker. “HBO’s The Lady and The Dale: Panel Discussion.” NewFestNYC, 29.1.2021.

 Bush, Michael. “Geraldine Elizabeth ‘Liz’ Carmichael.” Entry on “Find a Grave,” 28.8.2014.

Cammilleri, Nick and Zackary Drucker (dirs.) “The Lady andThe Dale.” Four part docudrama, HBO, 2021.

Carlson, Elliot. "Investigations: Tale of the Dale." Newsweek, 3.3.1975.

Coe, Andrew. “3-Wheelers Are Back!” Popular Mechanics,10.1984.

Cosgrove, John and Terry Dunn Meurer (prods.) “Wanted: LizCarmichael.” Unsolved Mysteries, season 1, episode nr. 20,Cosgrove/Meurer Productions, 5.4.1989. [Re-aired 16.8.1989, updated 10.1.1990, re-issued online as season 1, episode nr. 22.]

Haynes, Suyin. “How the Creators of HBO’s The Lady andthe Dale Told a Sensitive Story About a Complicated Trans trailblazer.” Time, 3.2.2021.

Lauer, Alex. "The Dale was a Car Implosion to Rival DeLorean, with a Founder More Controversial than Elon Musk." Inside Hook, 9.2.2021.

Meyers, Robert. "The Dale Tale." Columbia Journalism Review 14, nr. 4 (1975): 24-27.

Murray, Rothbard. "Libertarian Ripoff of the MonthDept." Column in The Libertarian Forum, 5.1975.

Rudem, Mey. "This Docuseries Could Explain Why TuckerCarlson Hates Trans Women." Out, 8.3.2021.

 Sinclair, Paula Jordan. “News Queen.” Column in RenaissanceNews 3, nr. 8, 1989.

Strangio, Chase, Zackary Drucker, and Precious Brady-Davis."The Lady and the Dale: Culture Closeup." HBO. 12.2.2021.

Street, Mikelle. "Tucker Carlson Goes on Vitriolic, Transphobic Rant Over Dr. Levine." The Advocate, 22.10.2021.

Twentieth Century Motor Car Corporation, “The Dale.” Salesbrochure. 1975.

UPI, Hollywood. “Home Auto Kit May Be Another Rip-Off.” Napa Valley Register 113, nr. 248, 30.5.1975.

UPI, Los Angeles. “Transsexual Guilty of Fraud.” Press Democrat 82, 25.1.1977.

Woron, Walt. “The Strange Case of the Dale.” The New York Times, 12.10.1975.

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In this special Fourth of the July episode, Thomas tells us about the larger than life character of General Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, who was a key figure in the American War of Independence. The questions are: was he queer, and what kind of evidence should we demand? Thomas takes us through the available evidence, and talks about the double standards in historical research when it comes to queerness.

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Content Warning:

This episode discusses accusations of pedophilia.

Sources:

Anon. “Steuben Whitewash of Hitler Stirs Anger of Jewish Members.” Jewish Daily Bulletin. 12.12.1934.

Anon. “LGBT History Month: Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Gen. Washington’s ‘Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell’ Case.” Philadelphia Gay News. Online Edition. 25.10.2012.

Ausness, Richard C. “Planned Parenthood: Adult Adoption and the Right of Adoptees to Inherit.” ACTEC Law Journal 41, nr. 2 (2015): 241-305.

Benemann, William. Male-Male Intimacy in Early America:Beyond Romantic Friendship. New York: Taylor and Francis, 2014. (First edition published by Harrington Park Press in 2006).

Delaney, Anthony. Queer Georgians. A Hidden History of Lovers, Lawbreakers and Homemakers. London: Penguin Books, 2026.

Gates, Gary J. and Jody L. Herman. “Transgender MilitaryService in the United States.” Report. The Williams Institute, 2014.

Gereben Schaefer, Agnes, Radha Iyengar, Srikanth Kadiyala,Jennifer Kavanagh, Charles C. Engel, Kayla M. Williams, and Amil M. Kress. Assessing the Implications of Allowing Transgender Personnel to Serve Openly. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation, 2016. (Study commissioned by the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness.)

Grissom, Andrew. “Transgender Individuals and MilitaryService Bibliography.” Finding aid. The American Library Association, 2019.

Kapp, Freidrich. The Life of Frederick William VonSteuben, Major General in the Revolutionary Army. New York: Mason Brothers, 1859. (Second edition).

Lockhart, Paul.  The Drillmaster of Valley Forge. The Baron de Steuben and the Making of the American Army. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010.

Pritchett, Morgan H. and Edith Von Zemenszky. “The ThreeWills of Baron von Steuben.” The Report. A Journal of German-American History 35 (1972): 19-26.

Quinn, Michael. Same-Sex Dynamics among Nineteenth-Century Americans: A Mormon Example. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1966.

Trujillo, Josh and Levi Hastings (Illustrator), Washington’sGay General. The Legends and Loves of Baron von Steuben. New York: Abrams Books, 2023.

Tulchin, Allan A. “Same-Sex Couples Creating Households inOld Regime France: The Uses of the Affrerement.” The Journal of Modern History 79, nr. 3 (2007): 613-647.

von Steuben, Frederich to William North. 23.2.1780.Transcribed in Kapp, Freidrich. The Life of Frederick William Von Steuben, Major General in the Revolutionary Army. New York: Mason Brothers, 1859. (Second edition), pp. 616-617.

von Steuben, Friedrich to William North. 27.10.1786. HamiltonCollege Library, Digital Collections, Baron Friedrich von Steuben Collection.

von Steuben, Friedrich to William North. 18.9.1788. TheGilder Lehrman Institue of American History. Correspondence of the North Family. Inv. nr. GLC02542.12.

von Steuben, Friedrich to William North. 10.10.1788.Hamilton College Library, Digital Collections, Baron Friedrich von Steuben Collection.

von Steuben, Friedrich to William North. 14.4.1789. HamiltonCollege Library, Digital Collections, Baron Friedrich von Steuben Collection.

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In the last episode, Megan shared the lives of Pearl M. Hart and Henry Gerber - two pioneers of queer rights in the US, both with local ties to Chicago, Illinois.

Now, in their very*first*interview, Megan and Thomas meet up with Michael Rashid, the Development Manager for the Gerber/Hart Library and Archives as it celebrates its 45th year to learn about the Midwest's largest circulating library of LGBTQIA2S+ titles, and one of the largest archives of its kind.

In this episode, we'll hear all about some of the fascinating lives chronicled in the many boxes of the archive, intergenerational community building, the necessity for BIPOC voices, the importance of preserving physical copy, their amazing podcast, what it means to be a non-governmentally funded queer library and archive under the current political regime and that, as Michael says, "everybody's life is worth remembering."

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Unboxing Queer History

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In this episode, Megan shares the stories of Henry Gerber and Pearl M. Hart - two queer Chicagoans from immigrant, working class backgrounds whose work shaped not just queer rights in the Midwest, but throughout the country.

also mentioned, "seances and other strange behavior"...

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Sources:

“Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame”. Glhalloffame.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2015.

“Pearl M. Hart: Defender of the Oppressed and Vulnerable”. Chicagohistory.org. 24 Jun 2020. https://www.chicagohistory.org/pearl-m-hart/

Riemer, Matthew; Brown, Leighton (2019). We Are Everywhere: Protest, Power, and Pride in the History of Queer Liberation. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. Rupp, Leila (2011). “The Persistence of Transnational Organizing: The Case of the Homophile Movement.”The American Historical Review 116:4 (Oct.2011): 1014-1039

Sendziak, Karen C. “Pearl M. Hart.” In Before Stonewall: Activists for Gay and Lesbian Rights in Historical Context. Edited by Vern L. Bullough. New York: Haworth, 2002.

Sienna, Noam. “Pearl Hart.” jwa.org. https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/hart-pearl. 23 June 2021.

Stein, Marc (2012). Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement. Routledge.

Holly Frey and Tracy V. Wilson. “Henry Gerber”. Stuff You Missed in History Class podcast. 29.6.2024.

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In the second of this two-part special on Ancient Rome, Thomas takes us through the current state of research on gender bending in the Ancient Roman world. We then quickly dive into the controversial case of the young Emperor Elagabalus. What do the primary sources actually say, and what might they actually tell us about Roman attitudes towards gender boundaries and boundary crossers?

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Content Warning:

This episode mentions castration and human sacrifice.

Sources:

Addley, Esther. “Was Roman Emperor Elagabalus Really Trans – and Does it Really Matter?” The Guardian, 24.11.2023.

Anon. The Scriptores Historiae Augustae Historia. Susan H. Ballou and Hermann Peter, eds. David Magie, trans. London/New York: William Heinemann/G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1921-1932.(Loeb Classical Library edition.) Available here.

Beard, Mary. “Imperial Transgressions: Satire and Subversion in the Life of Elagabalus.” Second Sather Lecture. University of California, Berkeley. 27.2.2021. Available on YouTube.

Cassius Dio. Dio’s Roman History. Earnest Cary, trans. London/New York: William Heinemann/The MacMillan Co., 1914-1927. (Loeb Classical Library edition.) Available here.

Gibbon, Edward. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.London: Frederick Warne and Co., 1893, 4 vols. (Orig. published 1776-1789.)

Herodian. Herodian of Antioch’s History of the Roman Empire. Edward C. Echols, trans. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961. Available here.

Icks, Martijn. The Crimes of Elagabalus. The Life and Legacy of Rome’s Decadent Boy Empereor. London: Bloomsbury, 2011.

Icks, Martijn. “Cross-dressers in Control: Transvestism, Power and the Balance between the Sexes in the Literary Discourse of the Roman Empire,” in Domitilla Campanile, Filippo Carlà-Uhink, and Margherita Facella (eds.), Trans Antiquity: Cross-Dressing and Transgender Dynamics in the Ancient World (New York: Routledge, 2017), 65-82. Available here.

Icks, Martijn. “Empire of the Sun? Civic Responses to the Rise and Fall of Sol Elagabal in the Roman Empire.” In O. Hekster, Sebastian Schmidt-Hofner, and Christian Witschel (eds.), Ritual Dynamics and Religious Change in the Roman Empire (Leiden: Brill, 2009), 111-20.

Osgod, Josh. “Casius Dio’s Secret History of Elagabalus.” In: Carsten Hjort Lange and Jesper Majborn Madsen (eds.), Cassius Dio: Greek Intellectual and Roman Politician (Leiden: Brill, 2016), 177-90.

Rantala, Jussi. “Ruling in Purple ... and Wearing Make-up: Gendered Adventures of Emperor Elagabalus as Seen by Cassius Dio and Herodian.” In Allison Surtees and Jennifer Dyer (eds.), Exploring Gender Diversity in the Ancient World (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2020), 118-28.

Williams, Craig. Roman Homosexuality: Ideologies of Masculinity in Classical Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. (Expanded and updated edition. Orig. published 1999).

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In the first of this two-part episode, Thomas takes us through how “homosexuality” – or rather, same sex erotic experiences – were conceptualized in the weird world of Ancient Rome. We then discuss the particular case of the relationship between the Emperor Hadrian and his purported lover, Antinous. What do the primary sources actually say, what is implied, and what might it mean to us now?

Content Warning

This episode includes discussion of sexual violence and pederasty, and mentions pedophilia.

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Sources:

Anon. The Scriptores Historiae Augustae Historia. Susan H. Ballou and Hermann Peter, eds. David Magie, trans. London/New York: William Heinemann/G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1921-1932. (Loeb Classical Library edition.) Available here.

Beard, Mary. “Misleading Lives: The Perils of Ancient Biography.” Annual Leon Levy Biography Lecture. 11.3.20205. CUNY Graduate Center. Available on YouTube.

Campman, Lotte. “Greek Love and Love for All Things Greek: Gay subtext and Greek Intertext in Works by Oscar Wilde.” (Unpublished MA Thesis, Utrecht University, 2015.)

Cassius Dio. Dio’s Roman History. Earnest Cary, trans. London New York: William Heinemann/The MacMillan Co., 1914-1927. (Loeb Classical Library edition.) Available here.
Lambert, Royston. Beloved and God: The Story of Hadrian and Antinous. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1984.

Levin Richardson, Sarah and Deborah Kamen. “Revisiting Roman Sexuality: Agency and the Conceptualization of Penetrated Males,” in Sex in Antiquity: Exploring Gender and Sexuality in the Ancient World, M. Masterson, N. Rabinowitz, and J. Robson (eds.), (New York: Routledge, 2015), 449–60.

Waters, Sarah. “The Most Famous Fairy in History: Antinous and Homosexual Fantasy,” Journal of the History of Sexuality 6, nr. 2 (1995): 194 -230.

Williams, Craig. Roman Homosexuality: Ideologies of Masculinity in Classical Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. (Expanded and updated edition. Orig. published 1999).

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Megan takes us on a ride through the life of Anita Berber: Weimar Germany's Priestess of Depravity. Dancer and legendary bisexual bad girl, Anita was the first true star of her era and her short life was shocking even for hedonistic Berlin of the 1920s.

Content Warning:

MAJOR warning for underage grooming, inappropriate adult/child relationships, animal mistreatment, drug use, violence. Please take care while listening.

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Sources:

Appignanesi, Lisa. The Cabaret. London: Yale University Press. 2004

Lauren Butterworth and Alicia Carter. "Anita Berber" Deviant Women podcast.19.9.2019.

Gordon, Mel. The Seven Addictions and Five Professions of Anita Berber: Weimar Berlin's Priestess of Depravity. Port Townsend, Washington: Feral House. 2006

Gordon, Mel. Voluptuous Panic: The Erotic World of Weimar Berlin. Port Townsend Washington: Feral House. 2000

Willett, John. The Weimar Years: A Culture Cut Short. New York City: Abbeville PR. 1984

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In this episode, Thomas tells us about the life of Black, lesbian blues singer, pianist and entertainer: Gladys Bentley. A star of the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s, Bentley seemed in every way someone living their life on their terms. Until, that is, her star power began to dim and Bentley began to doubt her identity.

Content Warning:
This episode contains discussion of medical abuse and fatphobia. Listeners are strongly encouraged to consider to exercise caution. 

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Sources:

Bentley, Gladys. "I am a Woman Again." Ebony Magazine, August of 1952, pp. 93-98. Available courtesy of Queer Music Heritage, at https://www.queermusicheritage.com.

Bentley, Gladys. "Worried Blues/Ground Hog Blues." Lyrics attributed to Bentley, Bentley/J.C. Johnson on piano. Okeh Records,1928. Available courtesy of NYFOS: New York Festival of Song, at https://nyfos.org. 

Delaney, Anthony and Maddy Pelling."Who was the 'Man-Monster' of New York?" After Dark Classics from the After Dark: Myths, Misdeeds and the Paranormal  podcast. 29.12.2025.

Hurwitt, Elliott. "Gladys Bentley: Worried Blues." Song of Day blog post. NYFOS: New York Festival of Song. Originally published on 26.10.2015. Available at https://nyfos.org. 

Jones, Regina. "How does a Bulldagger Get Out of the Footnote? Or Gladys Bentley's Blues." Ninepatch: A Creative Journal for Women and Gender Studies 1, nr. 1 (2012).

Torres, Bianki. Lay it on the Line: The Life and Music of Gladys Bentley. (PhD dissertation, University of Massachusetts, 2024.) Available via https://scholarworks.umass.edu.

Wilson, James. Bulldaggers, Pansies, and Chocolate Babies. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2010.

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In this second part of our two part story about the lives of AMAB femmes, Fanny and Stella, we dive into the trial that shocked Victorian England, its outcome, and what became of the bold Stella and Fanny in the remainder of their lives.

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Sources:

Boyd, Jason. Who’s Who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II. London: Psychology Press. 2002

McKenna, Neil. Fanny and Stella: The Young Men Who Shocked Victorian England. London: Faber & Faber. 2014

Joyce, Simon. “Two Women Walk into a Theatre Bathroom: The Fanny and Stella Trials as Trans Narrative”. Victorian Review. 44, nr. 1 (2018): 83-98.

Kaplan, Morris. “Who’s Afraid of John Saul?: Urban Culture and the Politics of Desire in Late Victorian London”. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies. 5, nr. 3 (1999): 267-314

Rowbotham, Judith. “A Deception on the Public: The Real Scandal of Boulton and Park”. Liverpool Law Review. 36, nr. 2 (27 March 2015): 123-145

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In the first episode of our second season, Megan shares the story of Fanny and Stella: two gender non-conforming young people from Victorian England who presented female (and sometimes male) while carousing the exciting streets of 1860s/70s London. That is, until their antics got them in hot water with the law in what would be one of the most significant trials in British queer history. In this first part of our two part episode we learn about their lives leading up to their arrest.

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Sources:

Boyd, Jason. Who’s Who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II. London: Psychology Press. 2002

McKenna, Neil. Fanny and Stella: The Young Men Who Shocked Victorian England. London: Faber & Faber. 2014

Joyce, Simon. “Two Women Walk into a Theatre Bathroom: The Fanny and Stella Trials as Trans Narrative”. Victorian Review. 44, nr. 1 (2018): 83-98.

Kaplan, Morris. “Who’s Afraid of John Saul?: Urban Culture and the Politics of Desire in Late Victorian London”. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies. 5, nr. 3 (1999): 267-314

Rowbotham, Judith. “A Deception on the Public: The Real Scandal of Boulton and Park”. Liverpool Law Review. 36, nr. 2 (27 March 2015): 123-145