This Date in Weather History

On November 18, 1421, a storm in the North Sea slammed into the European coastline. Over the next several days, approximately 10,000 people in what is now the Netherlands died in the resulting floods. History.com tells us the lowlands of the Netherlands near the North Sea were densely populated at the time, despite their known vulnerability to flooding. Small villages and a couple of cities had sprung up in what was known as the Grote-Waard region. 

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November 17, 2013 was a difficult day for many people across the Midwest and Great Lakes region with a major outbreak of severe weather that is usually associated with the Spring season. All told there were over 750 reports of severe weather incidents and of those 136 reports were from tornados. Of the remaining reports there were 579 from wind and 42 from hail. The storm damage extended far and wide from eastern Iowa and Missouri eastward to New Jersey. The worst of this day was in Washington Illinois, a suburb to the east of Peoria. This is where an EF4 tornado moves through destroying several homes. This tornado was responsible for 122 injuries and 1 fatality.

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The moose is the largest of all deer species, standing about five to six and a half feet tall. Moose require habitat with adequate edible plants; grasses, young trees and shrubs, cover from predators, and protection from extremely hot or cold weather. Moose travel or migrate among different habitats with the seasons to address these requirements. Moose are cold-adapted mammals with thickened skin, dense, heat-retaining coat, and a low surface volume ratio, which provides excellent cold tolerance but poor heat tolerance. Moose survive hot weather by accessing shade or cooling wind, or by immersion in cool water. In hot weather, moose are often found wading or swimming in lakes or ponds. When heat-stressed, moose may fail to adequately forage in summer and may not gain adequate body fat to survive the winter. Also, moose cows may not calve without adequate summer weight gain. Moose require access to both young forest for browsing and mature forest for shelter and cover. Forest disturbed by fire and logging promotes the growth of fodder for moose. Moose also require access to mineral licks, safe places for calving and aquatic feeding sites so they do move from season to season. The autumn season of 2003 was quite mild across northern Canada and on November 15 as the moose started their migration trek from Northern Quebec to the Labrador Sea it stalled car and truck traffic. Moose had to use the highways because the ground was not frozen due to unusually warm weather.

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As autumn approaches winter the severe weather season usually grinds to a halt. Hot and humid weather is pushed south into Mexico and the Gulf and the dynamics to spawn severe thunderstorms and tornados is quickly on the wane. Temperature contrasts from the Earth’s surface to the upper atmosphere take on a winter time aspect. But still severe weather outbreaks occasionally happen and often times just as people are letting down their guard. On November 15, 2006 there was such a Tornado Outbreak. A tornado with a total path length of just over 6 miles long and 250 yards wide, damaged several buildings in Montgomery, Alabama. Six people were reported injured in East Montgomery. Several other tornados were reported across southeast Alabama into southwest Georgia. Moderate damage occurred in Fort Benning, Georgia along a path 1.5 miles long and 150 yards wide; six people injured. A tornado in Riegelwood, North Carolina demolished several homes with eight fatalities reported.

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Apollo 12 was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969. Apollo 12 launched on schedule from Kennedy Space Center, under completely overcast rainy skies, encountering wind speeds of 174.6 mph during ascent, the highest of any Apollo mission.  Lightning struck the Saturn V rocket 36.5 seconds after lift-off, triggered by the vehicle itself, discharging down to the Earth through the ionized exhaust plume.

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Wintry cold is certainly a feature of November, especially across the northern plains, Rockies and Great Lakes in the United States. Usually though, persistent arctic cold is not the rule. In fact, the average is for temperatures in that region to remain cold in the first half of the month of November for a short time of a day or two, perhaps three. On November 13, 2014 an amazing stretch of early winter cold came to an end. Readings on that day reached a high temperature of 32 degrees in Chicago ending a 7-consecutive-day streak of sub 32 Degrees high temperatures. The below freezing cold lasted 180 consecutive hours, ore more than 7 days in a row, that stands as a record for November.

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On November 12, 1911 in Buffalo, New York a remarkable thing happened, a record high and low on the same day. 69 degrees just after midnight on the 12th, then a strong cold front came through and dropped the temperature to 22 degrees late that evening. Both records. Two in one day.

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On November 11, 1987 a major snowstorms struck the nations' capital. During the Veteran's Day Storm almost a foot of snow fell at National Airport. Prince Georges County, MD was hard hit with up to 13 inches of snow falling in a short amount of time. It caught motorists off guard and stranded cars on the Capital Beltway. There were so many cars that snow plows could not get through to open the clogged arteries. Cars littered the roadway for more than 24 hours.

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Tropical Storm Ida made landfall near Mobile, Alabama during the morning hours of November 10, 2009. According to the U.S. Minerals Management Service, about 30 percent of oil production in the Gulf was shut down on the 9 as Ida neared the Gulf Coast. Port Alabama, AL reported a wind gust of 62 mph while West Mobile, Al and Destin, FL had wind gusts of 43 mph as Ida came ashore. Soaking rain from Ida spread from Alabama into Southern Virginia and the Carolina’s. The following are some daily rainfall records were set. But the biggest impact occurred because of those shutdown oil rigs causing the price of oil to spike for the next week or so as gasoline prices soared.

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On November 9, 1913 the Famous Great Lakes Storm hit and 270 lives lost. Buffalo had 80 mph winds; Cleveland 22.2" of snow; Pickens, WV had a 36" snowfall; Pittsburgh 12.5" of snow. The Great Storm of November 1913 has been celebrated as the "Freshwater Fury" in several books and many articles as the most disastrous in the area’s history. 

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