Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution

Thrombocytopenia vs. Cytopenia vs. Phagocytes vs. Sacromere vs. Autophagy

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1. Sacro + penia

“Muscle” + “poverty”

  • loss of muscle tissue as a natural part of the aging process.

    • 2. Sarc + oma

    “Flesh” + “tumor”

    • a malignant tumor of connective or other nonepithelial tissue.

      • 3. Sarc + phagus

      “flesh/muscle” + “eating/consuming” (preceded it was the meaning “glutton”)

      • a stone coffin, typically adorned with a sculpture or inscription and associated with the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Rome, and Greece.

        • 4. Sacromere

        “muscle/flesh” + “part (meros)”

        • a structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle, consisting of a dark band and the nearer half of each adjacent pale band.

          • 5. Sarco + lemma

          “Flesh” + “husk”

          • the fine transparent tubular sheath which envelops the fibers of skeletal muscles.

            • 6. “Auto”+ “phagy”

            “Self” + “consuming”

            • the body's way of cleaning out damaged cells, in order to regenerate newer, healthier cells.

              • 7. Phagocytes

              “Phago” “cytes(kutos)” = vessel

              • Cyte refers to a type of cell
              • cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells

                • 8. Marco - phage

                “Large” + “eating/eater”

                • - a large phagocytic cell found in stationary form in the tissues or as a mobile white blood cell, especially at sites of infection

                  • 9. Actin - From Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktís, “ray”), based on the shape of the filament formed, and the English chemical suffix -in.

                  10. Myosin - myo- (“relating to muscle/flesh”), from Ancient Greek μυός (muós), genitive of μῦς (mûs, “muscle”) + -in, the english chemical suffix mentioned prior.

                  • Actin and myosin are both proteins that are found in all types of muscle tissue (aka sarcomeres = actin + myosin). Myosin forms thick filaments (15 nm in diameter) and actin forms thinner filaments (7nm in diameter). Actin and myosin filaments work together to generate force.

                    • 11. Nanometer - one billionth of a meter.

                    • prefix nano- (from the Ancient Greek νάνος, nanos, "dwarf")
                    • with the combination of the name metre (from Greek μέτρον, metrοn, "unit of measurement").

                      • 12. Cytopenia (“cyto” + “penia”)

                      “cell/vessel” + “poverty, deficiency, lack of”
                      A deficiency in the production of one or more types of blood cells is called cytopenia. This condition may be caused by liver disorders, poor kidney function, and chronic inflammatory diseases.

                      12. Thrombocytopenia (thrombo-cyto-penia): Thrombocytes are platelets, and thrombocytopenia is the condition of having an abnormally low platelet count in the blood.

                      • “thrombo(to clot/to lump)” + “cyto(vessel/cell)” + “poverty, deficiency”
                        • ...more
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                        Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric RevolutionBy Liam Connerly
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