Sorry for The Delay, my wife had a Baby!!! A cinematic historical deep dive into the forgotten war that ended the age of classical Greece.

This epic narrative explores the Cremonidean War (267–261 BCE), when Athens and Sparta made one final attempt to reclaim their independence from Macedonian rule. After the death of Alexander the Great, the world changed. Kings replaced citizens, empires replaced city-states, and the Greek world struggled to survive under foreign domination.

Follow the full story from the rise of Macedonian power under Antigonus II Gonatas, to the desperate alliance between Athens, Sparta, and Ptolemaic Egypt, to the brutal siege of Athens and the collapse of the classical polis. This documentary reveals the strategy, politics, battles, starvation warfare, and psychological collapse that reshaped the ancient Mediterranean.

This is not just a war story. It is the story of how the world of democracy and independent city-states came to an end.

Shipley, Graham. The Greek World After Alexander 323–30 BC. Routledge, 2000. (Audiobook available via academic audio platforms)

Green, Peter. Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age. University of California Press, 1990. Audiobook, University of California Press.

Walbank, F. W. The Hellenistic World. Harvard University Press, 1981. Audiobook edition, Harvard University Press.

Errington, R. Malcolm. A History of the Hellenistic World: 323–30 BC. Blackwell Publishing, 2008. Audiobook edition available.

Waterfield, Robin. Dividing the Spoils: The War for Alexander the Great’s Empire. Oxford University Press, 2011. Audiobook edition.

Boardman, John, et al. The Oxford History of Greece and the Hellenistic World. Oxford University Press, 2001.

Pausanias. Description of Greece. Translated by W. H. S. Jones and H. A. Ormerod, Harvard University Press, 1918. (Primary source describing events and figures related to the period; audiobook versions available)

Before military integration. Before the Tuskegee Airmen. Before civil rights entered the national spotlight, one man forced the United States Army to confront its own contradictions.

In this massive Time Machine Diaries deep dive, Cullen explores the life of General Benjamin O. Davis Sr., the first African American general in United States Army history. Born just after the Civil War and one generation removed from slavery, Davis rose through a segregated military that never intended to make space for him. Through discipline, endurance, and strategic brilliance, he broke barriers that reshaped American military history.

This episode examines the collapse of Reconstruction, the rise of Jim Crow, the Buffalo Soldiers, World War I, institutional racism inside the officer corps, the road to his historic promotion in 1940, and the ripple effects that helped lead to military integration and the rise of the Tuskegee Airmen.

This is not just a war story. It is a story about power, resistance, leadership, and the cost of forcing a nation to live up to its ideals.

History is not clean. Progress is not easy. Systems do not change willingly.

Benjamin O. Davis Sr. made change unavoidable.

Cloud, Roy, and Louis R. Harlan. Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.: American. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1989. Audiobook edition available via Audible.

Gropman, Alan L. The Air Force Integrates, 1945–1964. University Press of the Pacific, 2001. Audiobook edition available.

MacGregor, Morris J., Jr. Integration of the Armed Forces, 1940–1965. Center of Military History, United States Army, 1981. Audiobook edition available through government archives.

Mersky, Peter B. Black Wings: The American Black in Aviation. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1998. Audiobook edition available.

Sandler, Stanley. Segregated Skies: All-Black Combat Squadrons of World War II. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992. Audiobook edition available.

“Double Victory: The African American Military Experience in World War II.” Directed by Frank Martin, PBS, 2007.

“Freedom Flyers: The Tuskegee Airmen of World War II.” Directed by Judd Ehrlich, PBS American Experience, 1995.

“Tuskegee Airmen: Legacy of Courage.” History Channel Documentary, A&E Television Networks, 2002.

“America’s Black Warriors: Buffalo Soldiers.” History Channel Documentary, A&E Television Networks, 2007.

United States Army Center of Military History. Black Americans in the U.S. Army. Government Printing Office.

In this episode of Time Machine Diaries, Cullen explores the life of Gráinne Mhaol, better known as Grace O’Malley, the Irish maritime leader often remembered as the Pirate Queen. Moving beyond legend, this deep historical breakdown examines her rise to power along Ireland’s west coast, her command of ships and alliances, and her confrontation with English colonial authority during the Tudor expansion into Ireland.

The episode covers her political and economic influence in Clew Bay, her conflict with Governor Richard Bingham, and her documented negotiation with Queen Elizabeth I at Greenwich Palace. By placing her story within the realities of maritime power, clan authority, and gender expectations of the sixteenth century, this episode presents a grounded look at how leadership and legitimacy were defined and challenged during a period of state expansion.

This historical dive is designed for listeners interested in Irish history, women leaders, naval power, and the intersection of politics and maritime strategy.

Books

Chambers, Anne. Granuaile: Ireland’s Pirate Queen 1530–1603. Gill & Macmillan.
Canny, Nicholas. Making Ireland British 1580–1650. Oxford University Press.
Ellis, Steven G. Tudor Ireland. Longman Publishing.
Flanagan, Marie Therese. Irish Society, Anglo-Norman Settlers, Angevin Kingship. Oxford.

State Papers of Ireland — Elizabethan Period
Dictionary of Irish Biography — Royal Irish Academy
National Library of Ireland Archives
Royal Museums Greenwich Maritime History Resources

Westport House Historical Archives
Clare Island Abbey Records
National Maritime Museum Collections

RTÉ History Features
BBC History Extra Content on Tudor Ireland
Smithsonian Maritime Articles (contextual naval material)

Academic / Historical References, Museums / Historical Sites, Documentary / Audio Friendly#GraceOMalley
#Granuaile
#IrishHistory
#HistoryPodcast
#WomenInHistory
#PirateHistory
#MaritimeHistory
#TudorEra
#TimeMachineDiaries
#HistoricalDive

On May 13, 1985, the City of Philadelphia carried out one of the most shocking acts of state violence in modern American history. Nearly 500 police officers surrounded a rowhouse on Osage Avenue occupied by members of MOVE, a Black liberation and back-to-nature organization founded by John Africa (Vincent Leaphart). After a prolonged siege and an exchange of gunfire, police dropped an explosive device from a helicopter onto the home, igniting a fire that officials allowed to burn. The flames spread across the block, destroying 61 homes and leaving an entire Black neighborhood in ashes. Eleven people were killed, including five children. No city officials or police leaders went to prison. This episode honors the victims by name, breaks down what MOVE truly was, exposes how Black empowerment groups were treated as enemies of the state while white extremist violence was tolerated, and forces the listener to confront a reality America still struggles to admit: sometimes the government doesn’t protect its people.

City of Philadelphia. Final Report of the Independent Investigation into the City of Philadelphia’s Possession of Human Remains of Victims of the 1985 MOVE Bombing. 9 June 2022. City of Philadelphia, https://www.phila.gov/documents/independent-report-on-the-history-and-handling-of-move-victims-remains/. Accessed 2 Feb. 2026.

Fernandez, Bob. The MOVE Bombing. Temple University Press, 2019.

Goode, Wilson, and Randall M. Miller. 84 W. Osage Avenue: The MOVE Crisis in Philadelphia. Temple University Press, 2013.

Osder, Jason, director. Let the Fire Burn. Zeitgeist Films, 2013.

Let the Fire Burn. Independent Lens, PBS, https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/documentaries/let-the-fire-burn/. Accessed 2 Feb. 2026.

In this gut-wrenching multi-part episode of Time Machine Diaries, Cullen dives into one of the darkest crimes of the 20th century: the Holodomor, the Ukrainian starvation of 1932–1933.

This was not a natural famine. It was engineered.

Through forced collectivization, impossible grain quotas, confiscation brigades, blacklisted villages, and sealed borders, Stalin’s Soviet state turned food into a weapon and transformed Ukraine, Europe’s breadbasket, into a graveyard.

This episode breaks down how the system worked step-by-step, what starvation looked like in real villages, how survival was criminalized, and how propaganda tried to bury the truth for decades. It also makes uncomfortable modern comparisons to how power still controls people through resources, media narratives, and bureaucracy.

This isn’t just history.

It’s a warning.

Books
Applebaum, Anne. Red Famine: Stalin’s War on Ukraine. Doubleday, 2017.
Conquest, Robert. The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine. Oxford UP, 1986.
Davies, R. W., and Stephen G. Wheatcroft. The Years of Hunger: Soviet Agriculture, 1931–1933. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
Fitzpatrick, Sheila. Stalin’s Peasants: Resistance and Survival in the Russian Village after Collectivization. Oxford UP, 1994.
Graziosi, Andrea. The Great Soviet Peasant War: Bolsheviks and Peasants, 1917–1933. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 1996.
Hosking, Geoffrey. Rulers and Victims: The Russians in the Soviet Union. Harvard UP, 2006.
Marples, David R. Heroes and Villains: Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine. Central European UP, 2007.
Snyder, Timothy. Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin. Basic Books, 2010.
Viola, Lynne. The Unknown Gulag: The Lost World of Stalin’s Special Settlements. Oxford UP, 2007.

Academic / Research Collections
Kulchytsky, Stanislav. “The Holodomor of 1932–33 as Genocide.” Nationalities Papers, Cambridge UP, various issues/chapters.
Plokhy, Serhii. The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine. Basic Books, 2015.
Subtelny, Orest. Ukraine: A History. U of Toronto P, 2009.

Primary Sources / Contemporary Reporting
The Gareth Jones and Malcolm Muggeridge famine reporting (1933) — published dispatches and archival reprints in various collections.
Soviet archival documents and grain procurement records (commonly cited in Davies & Wheatcroft; Applebaum).

Documentaries / Film
Holodomor: Ukraine’s Genocide of 1932–1933. (various versions; commonly distributed in educational releases).
The Soviet Story. Directed by Edvīns Šnore, 2008.
Harvest of Despair: The 1932–33 Famine in Ukraine. Directed by Slavko Nowytski, 1984.

Museums / Institutions (Great for show notes credibility)
Holodomor Research and Education Consortium (HREC).
National Museum of the Holodomor-Genocide (Kyiv).
U.S. Commission on the Ukraine Famine (Congressional commission report materials).

Every single person in the United States came from somewhere else, except Native Americans, who were here first, full stop.

Using the Irish Potato Famine as the backbone, this episode connects forced migration, racial hierarchy, and modern immigration panic into one continuous story. From famine ships to “No Irish Need Apply,” from becoming “white” to forgetting what that cost, this episode dismantles the myth of the “real American” and exposes how every generation rewrites its own arrival story to justify cruelty toward the next.

Kinealy, Christine. This Great Calamity: The Irish Famine 1845–52. Gill & Macmillan, 1994.

Ó Gráda, Cormac. Black ’47 and Beyond: The Great Irish Famine in History, Economy, and Memory. Princeton University Press, 1999.

Mitchel, John. The Last Conquest of Ireland (Perhaps). James McGlashan, 1861.

The Times (London). Various editorials on the Irish potato blight, 1846–1847. British Newspaper Archive.

Hickman, Mary J. “Racialized Boundaries: The Irish as an ‘Other’ in Britain and the United States.” Ethnic and Racial Studies, vol. 21, no. 2, 1998, pp. 288–312.

Ignatiev, Noel. How the Irish Became White. Routledge, 1995.

Diner, Hasia R. Erin’s Daughters in America: Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.

Library of Congress. “Immigration and American Expansion, 1800–1900.”
www.loc.gov.

Irish Central. O’Dowd, Niall. “Was It Genocide? What the British Ruling Class Really Said About the Irish Famine.” IrishCentral, 19 Apr. 2023.

Ireland’s Great Hunger Museum. “Population Loss and Emigration.” Quinnipiac University.

They were teenagers when the world collapsed around them. Not symbols. Not myths. Not side characters in someone else’s war.

Freddie Oversteegen, her sister Truus, and Hannie Schaft came of age inside a system designed to erase people quietly and efficiently. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands did not begin with gunfire in the streets. It began with paperwork, compliance, neighbors staying silent, and children learning far too quickly that adulthood had arrived early.

This episode traces the slow suffocation of Dutch society under occupation, the mechanics of how resistance actually worked, and why teenage girls became some of its most effective weapons. It confronts the uncomfortable truth that child soldiers are not an anomaly of distant wars but a recurring outcome of systemic collapse, propaganda, and moral failure.

Freddie did not choose violence because she wanted to. She chose it because the alternatives disappeared one by one. Her story forces a modern reckoning with how radicalization happens, how children adapt to survive when adults fail, and why history keeps pretending this is someone else’s problem.

This is not a story about hero worship.
It is a story about pressure, necessity, and the cost of living through occupation.

Sources:

de Jong, Loe. The Netherlands and Nazi Germany. Harvard University Press, 1990.

Moore, Bob. Victims and Survivors: The Nazi Persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands 1940–1945. Arnold Publishers, 1997.

Warmbrunn, Werner. The Dutch under German Occupation 1940–1945. Stanford University Press, 1963.

Schaft, Hannie. In the Shadow of the Gallows. Translated editions, Dutch Resistance Archives, various printings.

Singer, P. W. Children at War. University of California Press, 2005.

Netherlands Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (NIOD). Women in the Dutch Resistance. NIOD, archival research collections.

Dutch Resistance Museum. Freddie Oversteegen and Truus Oversteegen Oral Histories. Amsterdam, museum archival materials.

Anne Frank House. Dutch Resistance and Civilian Life Under Occupation. Anne Frank House Research Division, Amsterdam.

United Nations Office of the Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict. Children and Armed Conflict: Recruitment and Radicalization. United Nations, thematic reports.

Netherlands Public Broadcasting (NPO). Women of the Dutch Resistance. Documentary series, NPO Archives.

The Seminole Wars are not frontier skirmishes. They are one of the longest, most expensive, and most deliberately erased conflicts in United States history. This episode dismantles the myth of American invincibility by tracing how the United States spent decades fighting a people it could not defeat, negotiating treaties it did not honor, and redefining victory when exhaustion replaced conquest.

Moving beyond what's been taught, this episode follows the wars as systems failures. Logistics collapsing in hostile terrain. Guerrilla resistance is evolving faster than military doctrine. Black Seminole communities targeted for reenslavement. A government that chose removal, family capture, and invisibility over honest resolution.

This is not a story about battles alone.
It is a story about time, endurance, and what happens when an empire discovers that force cannot solve every problem it creates.

Mahon, John K. History of the Second Seminole War, 1835–1842. Audiobook, University Press of Florida, Audible edition.

Covington, James W. The Seminoles of Florida. Audiobook, University Press of Florida, Audible edition.

Porter, Kenneth W. The Black Seminoles: History of a Freedom-Seeking People. Audiobook, Tantor Media, Audible.

Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian. Seminole Resistance and Survival. YouTube, Smithsonian Channel.

PBS. The Seminole Wars. YouTube, PBS Florida Collection.

Kings and Generals. The Seminole Wars Explained. YouTube.

American Battlefield Trust. The Seminole Wars and Guerrilla Warfare in Florida. YouTube.

Timeline World History. How the Seminole Outsmarted the U.S. Army. YouTube.

History Hit. America’s Forgotten Wars: The Seminole Wars. YouTube.

Florida Humanities Council. Fort Mose, Black Seminoles, and Resistance. YouTube

This episode of Spotlight on Legends pulls two nearly forgotten Black women out of the footnotes of American history and puts them where they belong, front and center.

Josephine Boudreaux emerges from post Civil War Louisiana, a woman shaped by enslavement, terror, and Reconstruction violence. Her legend exists in the oral histories and whispered stories of the Gulf South, where freed people did not always wait for justice to arrive through courts that refused to protect them. Josephine represents resistance in its rawest form, the reality that survival sometimes meant fighting back in a world that openly sanctioned racial violence.

Alongside her stands Ella Abomah Williams, a towering performer at the turn of the twentieth century who transformed spectacle into power. Branded, marketed, and exoticized by a racist entertainment industry, Ella flipped the script by owning the stage, commanding crowds, and shaping her own image long before the word “influencer” existed. At the 1900 World’s Fair and beyond, she leveraged visibility into autonomy, becoming one of the earliest examples of mass cultural influence in America.

Together, these stories challenge how history chooses its heroes. One legend worked in the shadows, the other under the brightest lights, but both reveal the same truth: Black women were not passive victims of history. They were architects of survival, resistance, and cultural power in a country that tried to erase them.

Franklin, John Hope. Reconstruction: After the Civil War. University of Chicago Press.

Litwack, Leon F. Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow. Knopf.

Equal Justice Initiative. Reconstruction in America: Racial Violence After the Civil War.

Blight, David W. Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory. Harvard University Press.

Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition Archives and World’s Fair Ephemera Collections.

Bogdan, Robert. Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit. University of Chicago Press.

Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie. Extraordinary Bodies: Figuring Physical Disability in American Culture and Literature. Columbia University Press.

History often portrays the Mongol Empire as driven by blind brutality or personal ambition. That’s a lie.

In this episode, Cullen breaks down why Temüjin didn’t build the Mongols because he wanted power; he built them because the system he was born into was designed to kill him. The steppe was a failed state. Loyalty meant nothing. Food meant survival. Violence was constant and random. And kindness got you killed faster than weakness.

This episode dives into Temüjin’s early betrayals, the murder of his brother, enslavement, and the moment he realized alliances were useless without structure. It explains why Mongol violence was deliberate, conditional, and designed to end endless cycles of revenge, not glorify them. Through first-person perspectives, modern comparisons, and raw analysis, Cullen shows how fear, deterrence, and predictability replaced chaos.

This isn’t a hero story. It’s a system-failure story.

And it forces an uncomfortable question: if you were born into collapse, would you really choose differently?

Benjamin, Craig. The Mongol Empire. The Great Courses, 2021. Audible audiobook.

Dan Carlin. Hardcore History. “Wrath of the Khans.” Dan Carlin, 2012–2013. Podcast series.

Favereau, Marie. The Horde: How the Mongols Changed the World. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2021. Audible audiobook.

Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Written by Jack Weatherford, narrated by Jonathan Davis, Audible Studios, 2014. Audiobook.

May, Timothy. The Mongol Conquests in World History. Reaktion Books, 2012. Audible audiobook.

May, Timothy. The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. Print and audiobook editions.