As the year comes to a close, we revisit a pivotal conversation on how the EU can brace itself for the challenges ahead. A landmark report by outgoing Finnish president Sauli Niinistö offers a sobering reality check, spanning recommendations from climate change management to intelligence sharing.

In this episode, host Giada Santana and politics reporter Nicholas Wallace explore the report’s key proposals, including EU-NATO competition, Niinistö’s intelligence unit concept, and lessons from Finland’s approach to resilience.

[Note: This episode was originally published on Oct 31st]