Transformative Podcast

To what extent were Soviet engagements with the Third World characterized by solidarity during the Cold War? And to what extent did these same engagements conceal imperial ambitions? In this episode of the Transformative Podcast, Alessandro Iandolo (UCL) talks to Rosamund Johnston (RECET) about how concrete development projects could be viewed quite differently by the different actors involved. He also talks about how his own perspective on these projects has changed, as he approaches them in his new research from different angles. If all of those involved came to be almost in agreement on one point, he argues, it was that the world-building exercises they were involved in were somehow second best when compared to the material and intellectual resources of an imagined West.

Alessandro Iandolo is a lecturer at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London, specializing in the history of the Soviet Union in the world. His first book, Arrested Development: The Soviet Union in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali, 1955-1968, explored the Soviet Union's economic partnership with three newly-independent countries in West Africa during the Khrushchev era, winning the W. Bruce Lincoln prize for the best first monograph in Russian History, and the Marshall D. Shulman prize for the best monograph on the internationalrelations of the USSR from the Association for Slavic, East European and Eurasian Studies.

Studying social justice reveals the promises a regime - liberal or otherwise - makes to its citizens. It also reveals how citizens interpret these promises. But to what extent should we use the term “social justice” to understand societies excluding entire cohorts - most notoriously Jews and Roma in territories occupied by the Nazis during World War II? By focusing on exactly this period, and taking the example of the Nazi Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Radka Šustrová discusses not only how welfare states (as much as culture, literature, or media) have historically cemented nationalist projects, but also how thoroughly illiberal concepts of social justice have historically been. In this episode of the Transformative Podcast, she reflects moreover on the extent to which this wartime inheritance impacted the postwar welfare states celebrated in Central Europe on both sides of the Iron Curtain.

Radka Šustrová is the author of Nations Apart: Czech Nationalism and Authoritarian Welfare under Nazi Rule (Oxford, 2024). She is a researcher at RECET and a lecturer in social history at Charles University in Prague. Her research focuses on the history of the welfare state, social justice, social and labour rights, women's activism, and nationalism in twentieth-century Central Europe. From 2020 to 2022, she was a British Academy Newton International Fellow and supervisor in history at the University of Cambridge. In 2022, she was awarded a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Fellowship at the University of Vienna. Her further publications include three books, several edited volumes, and articles in English, German, and Czech.

Vienna’s walls are full of signs, stickers and graffitis in South Slavic languages. How does this come about? – In this episode, Leonid Motz (RECET) talks to Prof. Katharina Tyran (University of Helsinki) about Vienna’s linguistic landscape and how it is shaped by Post-Yugoslav migrants. What can we learn about power dynamics from the linguistic practices in which they engage? Tyran highlights how – often subversive or subcultural – linguistic signs are rooted in transnational cultural contexts that transcend the linguistic borders of the modern nation-state.

Katharina Tyran is an Associate Professor of Slavic Philology at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Her research focuses on South Slavic languages. Tyran’s interests include sociolinguistic topics with a focus on minority languages, language and identity, linguistic landscape research, language commodification, writing systems and orthography.

How is land central to socialist and postsocialist transformations in Southeast Europe? In this episode, Katarina Kušić (University of Vienna) tells Jelena Đureinović (RECET) about land as more than an object of policy, the perspectives on studying it and the importance of rural areas and marginalised actors.

This podcast episode is partly a summary of the main points Prof. Todorova developed in her book "Imagining Utopia: The Lost World of Socialists at Europe's Margins", partly a chronological extension into the decades that were not covered by the book. This is done by focusing on the life and activities of Christian Rakovsky (1873-1941), as well as the assessments in the aftermath of his death. The change of the scales of analysis would allow Todorova to demonstrate the interplay between center and periphery, especially the "paradox" of socialism in agrarian societies and the attitude to the national question, the mechanisms of how socialist ideas were generated and received, and to emphasize the benefits of microhistory through the biographical method. The book ended with the demise of the Second International. In this talk, Todorova is taking the narrative further by stressing the activities of Rakovsky in the Soviet Union and particularly in the Ukraine, as well as his diplomatic work and his place in the Left Opposition. It thus highlights the move from the realm of the "utopia of the future" to the reality of "utopia on earth."

Maria Todorova is the Gutgsell Professor of History Emerita and Professor Emerita, Center for Advanced Study at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. She specializes in Eastern Europe, specifically the Balkans in the modern period. Her research focuses on historical demography, nationalism, socialism and post-communism.

In this episode, Kateryna Ruban talks with Zsófia Lóránd about how the history of abortion in Ukraine and Soviet Union can help us understand contemporary reproductive struggles and modern Ukrainian history. Kateryna’s future book tells a story of a female obstetrician-gynecologist in a postwar Transcarpathian hospital who performed abortions during Stalinism when abortion was illegal and later, showcases a doctor who insisted on professional autonomy despite the desire of political leaders to fully control the procedure. Abortion was a matter of intense public debates before 1917 and particularly in the 1920s, when many doctors argued that abortion was a part of female emancipation and a part of justified desire of women to regulate their reproduction. What happened next is usually seen as overwhelming Soviet pronatalism, but Kateryna shows a different picture of how women were able to maneuver within official policies and gain access to abortion. She focuses on Ukrainian and Transcarpathian contexts, thus departing from traditional portrayal of Soviet women as a whole and the Soviet history of abortion as based on central Russian archives.

Kateryna Ruban is a historian who received her Ph.D. from New York University in September 2022. In 2022-2023, she was a fellow at the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies at George Washington University. Earlier, Kateryna earned master’s degrees at Central European University in Hungary and at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in Ukraine. She was a part of the Visual Culture Research Center in Kyiv. Kateryna Ruban was a Ukraine Fellow with RECET in 2024.

Freedom movement just means removing migration barriers and letting people move around freely - or does it? In this episode, Madeleine Dungy of NTNU Trondheim discusses the complicated making of European free movement in the 1960s and 1970s with RECET scientific director Jannis Panagiotidis. At a time of reinforced national social welfare behind the border, she argues, governments, social actors, multilateral institutions, and NGOs had to work hard to reconcile the goals of broad regional mobility and deep social protection.

Madeleine Dungy is an Associate Professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. She works on the history of international organizations, with a particular focus on trade and migration. She is the principal investigator of the ERC Starting Grant InternalFortress: Regulating European Freedom of Movement within the Nation-State, 1950-1980 and is the author of Order and Rivalry: Rewriting the Rules of International Trade after the First World War (Cambridge University Press, 2023).