As the sixteenth century begins following plague, turmoil, traumatic defeats, and the discovery of new continents, people from all faiths feel that the end of history and salvation are at hand while others look to the past to find hope for the future.
Reference: Cornell H. Fleischer, "A Mediterranean Apocalypse: Prophecies of Empire in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries" Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 61 (2018): 18-90.
Music: Bach, Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir (based on a hymn by Martin Luther) (Performer unknown)