Understanding and Refuting Islam

Understanding and Refuting Islam

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Understanding and Refuting Islam episodes

  • 105 | Embryology and the Quran: Texts and Interpretations (11.3)

    105 of145 • Lesson11.3 • Chapter11: Islam’s Conflicts with Empirical Observations Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster This lesson examines Quranic embryology passages and hadith, comparing their wording with historical medical ideas and Arabic lexical sources. The episode discusses religious texts and historical claims, not medical advice. Presentation references (details as supplied): 1. Quran al-Alaq, 96:1–2 (Hilali–Khan translation). 2. Quran, man made from water: al-Furqan 25:54; al-Anbiya 21:30; an-Nur 24:45. 3. Quran, man made from clay: al-Hijr 15:26, 28, 33; al-Isra 17:61; as-Sajdah 32:7. 4. Quran, man made from dust: Al Imran 3:59; ar-Rum 30:20; Fatir 35:11. 5. Quran, man made from a drop of fluid: an-Nahl 16:4; as-Sajdah 32:8; Fatir 35:11; an-Najm 53:46; al-Waqiah 56:58; al-Qiyamah 75:37; al-Insan 76:2; al-Mursalat 77:20; Abasa 80:19; at-Tariq 86:6–7. 6. Quran at-Tariq 86:6–7 (Yusuf Ali translation). 7. Quran al-Muminun 23:13–14 (Hilali–Khan translation). 8. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 4, Book 55, Hadith 549 (USC-MSA English translation). 9. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 8, Book 77, Hadith 593 (USC-MSA English translation). 10. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 9, Book 93, Hadith 546 (USC-MSA English translation). 11. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume 4, Book 54, Hadith 430 (USC-MSA English translation). 12. Sahih Muslim, Book 33, Hadith 6390 (USC-MSA English translation). 13. Quran at-Tariq 86:5–7 (Yusuf Ali translation). 14. Hippocratic Writings, Penguin Classics, 1983, p. 320. 15. Qamus al-Muheet, compiled by Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Firuzabadi (1329–1415). 16. Al Munjid fil Lugha wal Aalam, Dar Al Mashreq, Lebanon, 1987. 17. Lactantius, list of translations of alaqa (as cited in the text); Ibn Kathir on Surah 23. Presentation URLs: https://quranx.com/96.1 https://quran.com/96/1 https://quranx.com/86.6 https://quran.com/86/6 https://quranx.com/23.13 https://quran.com/23/13 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-4/Book-55 https://sunnah.com/bukhari https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-8/Book-77 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-93 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-4/Book-54 https://sunnah.com/muslim/33 https://sunnah.com/muslim https://quranx.com/86.5 https://quran.com/86/5 Listen in numbered order: https://truthbooster.com AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    12 min
  • 104 | Islam and the Sun: Text, Interpretation and Observation (11.2)

    104 of145 • Lesson11.2 • Chapter11: Islam’s Conflicts with Empirical Observations

    Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster

    This lesson examines passages and commentaries concerning the sun and Dhul-Qarnayn’s journey. Compare the course’s argument with the source wording, commentary traditions and the distinction between a literal cosmological statement and an observer’s description.

    Presentation references:

    1. Quran, Surah al-Kahf, 18:83–91 (Pickthall translation)

    https://quranx.com/18.83

    https://quran.com/18/83

    2. Sunan Abu Dawud, hadith no. 3991

    3. Zamakhshari, The Kashshaf, 3rd edition, Volume 2, page 743, 1987 (quoted in Abd el Schafi, Behind the Veil: Unmasking Islam, pages 171-173)

    4. al-Baydawi, The Lights of Revelation, page 399

    5. Tabari, Concise Interpretation, part 2, page 19

    6. Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, translated by Guillaume, pages 136-139

    7. Quran, Surah al-Anam, 6:25–27 (Pickthall translation)

    https://quranx.com/6.25

    https://quran.com/6/25

    Bibliographic details are retained as supplied in the presentation.

    Listen in numbered order. https://truthbooster.com

    AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    13 min
  • 103 | Science and Worldview: What Is Fair to Test? (11.1)

    103 of145 • Lesson11.1 • Chapter11: Islam’s Conflicts with Empirical Observations

    Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster

    This lesson explains the course’s proposed method for examining empirical claims. It distinguishes repeatable observations from historical reconstruction and supernatural claims, and asks what makes a fair test of a worldview. The distinction and its evaluation of historical science are the author’s methodological argument, not a statement of scientific consensus.

    Source note: The presentation names Piltdown man and Nebraska man as examples but supplies no bibliography or precise source citations. Later lessons provide the scriptural passages under discussion.

    Listen in numbered order. More resources: https://truthbooster.com

    AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    3 min
  • 102 | Can We Check the Claims? Chapter 11 Introduction (11.0)

    102 of145 • Lesson11.0 • Chapter11: Islam’s Conflicts with Empirical Observations

    Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster

    Chapter11 introduces the course’s examination of claims about the observable world. This opening lesson explains the move from scriptural comparisons to empirical questions; detailed passages and arguments follow in the next lessons. Assess each claim with attention to wording, interpretation and evidence.

    Source note: This introduction provides no dedicated bibliography or precise inline source citations. References accompany the source-based lessons that follow.

    Listen in numbered order. More resources: https://truthbooster.com

    AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    2 min
  • 101 | Read the Passages in Context: Chapter 10 Conclusion (10.7)

    101 of145 • Lesson10.7 • Chapter10: Muhammad in the Bible?

    Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster

    This conclusion reviews five claims examined in Chapter10: the promise concerning Ishmael, Shiloh in Genesis, the prophet like Moses, the desire of the nations in Haggai and the Comforter in John. It encourages listeners to read the passages in context and introduces Chapter11’s examination of empirical claims.

    Source note: This concluding presentation supplies no dedicated bibliography or precise inline citations. Refer to Lessons10.2–10.6 and their reference tables for the chapter’s detailed biblical and historical sources.

    Listen in numbered order. More resources: https://truthbooster.com

    AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    3 min
  • 100 | Who Is the Comforter? John 14–16 Examined (10.6)

    100/145 | Lesson 10.6: Who Is the Comforter? This lesson compares the Holy Spirit in John 14–16 with the claim that the promised Comforter foretells Muhammad. Presentation citations (translation and source locators as supplied): 1 Quran7:157 HK;2 Quran61:6 HK;3 Quran2:136 Pickthall;4 Quran18:27 Pickthall;5 Robertson's Word Pictures, John14:16;6 1John2:1 NKJV;7 Romans8:26 NKJV;8 Jochen, “Who Really Is the Paracletos” (Answering Islam);9 Gilchrist, Facing the Muslim Challenge;10 John14:16–18 KJV;11 John14:26 KJV;12 John15:26 KJV;13 John16:7–13 KJV;14 Sahih Muslim39:6759 USC-MSA;15 Bukhari vol.7:658,660 (book unspecified);16 Bukhari6:60:378 USC-MSA;17 Quran6:103 HK;18 Quran42:51 HK;19 Quran31:34 HK;20 Quran5:67 HK;21 Bukhari2:24:501 USC-MSA;22 al-Tabari, History6:108–110;23 Quran22:52–53 HK;24 Bukhari2:17:147 USC-MSA;25 Muslim23:5113 (also5120) USC-MSA;26 Quran18:86 HK;27 Quran9:30 Pickthall;28 Quran7:188 Pickthall;29 Quran5:117 Yusuf Ali;30 Quran5:51 Yusuf Ali;31 Bukhari1:7:331 USC-MSA;32 Quran72:20–22 Pickthall;33 Muslim1:398,402 USC-MSA;34 Bukhari5:57:23 USC-MSA;35 Khalid Muhammad Khalid, The Successors of the Apostle, p.99 English/p.70 Arabic/p.131;36 Al-Mawrid, root makara;37 Bukhari2:23:454,458,459;38 Bukhari2:23:334 USC-MSA;39 Bukhari2:18:167 USC-MSA;40 Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, p.106;41 Quran19:20–21 Pickthall;42 Quran3:45–46 Pickthall;43 Bukhari vol.8:319 (book unspecified);44 Quran19:19 HK;45 Quran4:171 HK;46 Quran58:22 HK;47 Deut10:20–22 KJV;48 Quran59:22–24 HK. Slide reference URLs: https://quranx.com/7.157 https://quran.com/7/157 https://quranx.com/61.6 https://quran.com/61/6 https://quranx.com/2.136 https://quran.com/2/136 https://quranx.com/18.27 https://quran.com/18/27 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John+2%3A1&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+8%3A26&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+14%3A16–18&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+14%3A26&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+15%3A26&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+16%3A7–13&version=KJV https://sunnah.com/muslim/39 https://sunnah.com/muslim https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-6/Book-60 https://sunnah.com/bukhari https://quranx.com/6.103 https://quran.com/6/103 https://quranx.com/42.51 https://quran.com/42/51 https://quranx.com/31.34 https://quran.com/31/34 https://quranx.com/5.67 https://quran.com/5/67 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-24 https://quranx.com/22.52 https://quran.com/22/52 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-17 https://sunnah.com/muslim/23 https://quranx.com/18.86 https://quran.com/18/86 https://quranx.com/9.30 https://quran.com/9/30 https://quranx.com/7.188 https://quran.com/7/188 https://quranx.com/5.117 https://quran.com/5/117 https://quranx.com/5.51 https://quran.com/5/51 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-1/Book-7 https://quranx.com/72.20 https://quran.com/72/20 https://sunnah.com/muslim/1 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-5/Book-57 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-23 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-18 https://quranx.com/19.20 https://quran.com/19/20 https://quranx.com/3.45 https://quran.com/3/45 https://quranx.com/19.19 https://quran.com/19/19 https://quranx.com/4.171 https://quran.com/4/171 https://quranx.com/58.22 https://quran.com/58/22 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+10%3A20–22&version=KJV https://quranx.com/59.22 https://quran.com/59/22 https://truthbooster.com/

    40 min
  • 099 | Night Journey Reports: Prophets in the Heavens (Table 10.5)

    099 of 145 • Reference Table10.5 • Chapter10: Muhammad in the Bible?

    Understanding and Refuting Islam — Truth Booster

    This reference table compares the presentation’s four reports of the prophets Muhammad encountered in the heavens during the night journey. Review the reports themselves and distinguish variant details, omitted entries and the course’s interpretation of their differences.

    Inline presentation references:

    1. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume4, Book54, Hadith429 (Malik bin Sasaa).

    2. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume5, Book58, Hadith227.

    3. Sahih Muslim, Book1, Hadith309 and314 (Anas bin Malik).

    4. Sahih al-Bukhari, Volume9, Book93, Hadith608 (Anas bin Malik).

    Numbering is reproduced as given in the table.

    Listen in numbered order. More resources: https://truthbooster.com

    AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    2 min
  • 098 | Desire of the Nations: Haggai 2 Examined (10.5)

    098/145 | Lesson 10.5 | Desire of the Nations: Haggai 2 Does Haggai 2’s “desire of the nations” refer to Muhammad? This lesson examines the claim in its temple setting and Christian interpretation, with related arguments about peace and the night journey. Presentation references: 1 Haggai2:6–9 KJV;2 Abdul Ahad Dawud, Muhammad in the [title incomplete in source], pp.22–27;3 John Gill on Haggai2:7 (script quotes Jarchi, Kimchi, Aben Ezra);4 Matthew10:34–39 KJV;5 Luke19:41–44 KJV;6 Romans1:7 KJV;7 Romans5:1 KJV;8 John14:27 KJV;9 John16:32–33 KJV;10 Luke7:36–50 NKJV;11 Luke8 NKJV;12 Luke2:25–32 KJV;13 Luke20:19 KJV;14 Luke22:2 KJV;15 Luke22:52–53 KJV;16 Acts3–4 NKJV;17 Acts13:48 KJV;18 1Samuel9:20 KJV;19 Ezekiel24:16–18 KJV;20 Malachi3 NKJV;21 Ibn Ishaq, Life of Muhammad, A.Guillaume trans., pp.181–187 (night journey), also pp.182–184;22 Sunan Abu Dawud 40:4705;23 Sahih al-Bukhari 9:93:608 USC-MSA;24 Bukhari 4:54:429 USC-MSA;25 Abu Dawud 40:4075 (as numbered in source);26 Bukhari 5:58:227 USC-MSA;27 Sahih Muslim 1:309,314 USC-MSA;28 Quran5:51 Yusuf Ali;29 Bukhari 2:23:454,458,459;30 Bukhari 2:23:334 USC-MSA;31 Bukhari 2:18:167 USC-MSA;32 Khalid Muhammad Khalid, The Successors of the Apostle, p.114;33 Quran7:99 Hilali–Khan;34 The Successors of the Messenger, p.3, Muhammad Mahdi al-Sharif trans. Slide URLs in source order: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Haggai+2%3A6–9&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+10%3A34–39&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+19%3A41–44&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+1%3A7&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+5%3A1&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+14%3A27&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+16%3A32–33&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+7%3A36–50&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+8&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A25–32&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+20%3A19&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A2&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A52–53&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+3–4&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A48&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+9%3A20&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+24%3A16–18&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Malachi+3&version=NKJV https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-9/Book-93 https://sunnah.com/bukhari https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-4/Book-54 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-5/Book-58 https://sunnah.com/muslim/1 https://sunnah.com/muslim https://quranx.com/5.51 https://quran.com/5/51 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-23 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-18 https://quranx.com/7.99 https://quran.com/7/99 https://truthbooster.com/

    24 min
  • 097 | A Prophet Like Moses: Deuteronomy 18 Examined (10.4)

    Lesson 10.4: Muhammad in the Bible? Does Deuteronomy 18 foretell Muhammad or point to Jesus? The lesson tests the “prophet like Moses” claim against biblical context, New Testament interpretation and early Islamic reports. References: 1 Deut18:18–22 KJV;2 1Kings11–15 NKJV;3 1Kings14:10 NKJV;4 1Kings15:27–30 NKJV;5 Quran28:48 Hilali–Khan;6 Quran4:164 Hilali–Khan;7 Sahih al-Bukhari 4:54:457 USC-MSA;8 Bukhari 6:60:378 USC-MSA;9 Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, A.Guillaume trans.,p.106;10 al-Tabari, History of al-Tabari,vol.6 p.76 (Leiden1155);11 Bukhari 2:23:471 USC-MSA;12 al-Tabari, History,vol.6 pp.108–110 (Leiden1192–1193);13 Quran22:52–53 Hilali–Khan;14 Bukhari vol.7 hadith658,660 (book unspecified);15 al-Tabari,W.Montgomery Watt trans.,vol.6 p.72 (Leiden1151);16 Exodus3:2 NKJV;17 Exodus4 NKJV;18 Ibn Ishaq,Guillaume trans.,p.107;19 Bukhari1:7:331 USC-MSA;20 Quran3:54 Hilali–Khan;21 Numbers23:19 NKJV;22 Quran2:106 Pickthall;23 Mark12:19 NKJV;24 John5:46 NKJV;25 Quran18:86 Hilali–Khan;26 Quran20:85–95 Hilali–Khan;27 Quran5:73–75 Hilali–Khan;28 Quran5:116 Hilali–Khan;29 Quran9:30 Hilali–Khan;30 Faisal Siddiqui,The Bible’s Last Prophet,p.15;31 Deut18:15 KJV;32 John1:19–21 KJV;33 Deut2:4 KJV;34 Deut23:7 KJV;35 John1:22 KJV;36 Acts3:19–24 KJV;37 Acts7:37 NKJV;38 John10:36 NKJV;39 Matt13:57 NKJV;40 John1:29 NKJV;41 Matt5:17–19 KJV;42 Matt5:27–28 KJV;43 John13:34 KJV;44 Quran2:40–41 Pickthall. URLs: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+18%3A18–22&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+11–15&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+14%3A10&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+15%3A27–30&version=NKJV https://quranx.com/28.48 https://quran.com/28/48 https://quranx.com/4.164 https://quran.com/4/164 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-4/Book-54 https://sunnah.com/bukhari https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-6/Book-60 https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-23 https://quranx.com/22.52 https://quran.com/22/52 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+3%3A2&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+4&version=NKJV https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-1/Book-7 https://quranx.com/3.54 https://quran.com/3/54 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+23%3A19&version=NKJV https://quranx.com/2.106 https://quran.com/2/106 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+12%3A19&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A46&version=NKJV https://quranx.com/18.86 https://quran.com/18/86 https://quranx.com/20.85 https://quran.com/20/85 https://quranx.com/5.73 https://quran.com/5/73 https://quranx.com/5.116 https://quran.com/5/116 https://quranx.com/9.30 https://quran.com/9/30 https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+18%3A15&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A19–21&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+2%3A4&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+23%3A7&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A22&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+3%3A19–24&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+7%3A37&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A36&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A57&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A29&version=NKJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A17–19&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A27–28&version=KJV https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A34&version=KJV https://quranx.com/2.40 https://quran.com/2/40 https://truthbooster.com/

    29 min
  • 096 | Who Is Shiloh? Genesis 49:10 Examined (10.3)

    096 of 145 • Lesson 10.3 • Chapter 10: Muhammad in the Bible? This lesson tests the claim that Genesis 49:10 foretells Muhammad against the verse’s context and Christian messianic interpretation. Refs: Bible KJV; Quran Hilali–Khan. 1. Genesis49:9–12 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+49%3A9–12&version=KJV 2. John Gill, quoted on Genesis49:10; work/edition unspecified. 3. Isaiah11:1 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+11%3A1&version=KJV 4. Jeremiah23:5–6 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+23%3A5–6&version=KJV 5. Luke1:30–33 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1%3A30–33&version=KJV 6. Matthew25:31–32 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+25%3A31–32&version=KJV 7. Revelation11:15 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+11%3A15&version=KJV 8. Luke2:25–32 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A25–32&version=KJV 9. Ephesians2:11–14 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+2%3A11–14&version=KJV 10. John12:32 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+12%3A32&version=KJV 11. John12:32–33 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+12%3A32–33&version=KJV 12. Mark12:35–37 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+12%3A35–37&version=KJV 13. Matthew16:16–17 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+16%3A16–17&version=KJV 14. John13:34 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A34&version=KJV 15. Matthew5:21–26 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A21–26&version=KJV 16. Sahih al-Bukhari, Vol. 6, Book 60, Hadith 201 (USC-MSA English) — https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-6/Book-60; https://sunnah.com/bukhari 17. John18:36 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+18%3A36&version=KJV 18. Acts11:28 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A28&version=KJV 19. Matthew10:34–39 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+10%3A34–39&version=KJV 20. John14:27 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+14%3A27&version=KJV 21. John16:32–33 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+16%3A32–33&version=KJV 22. Luke7:36–50 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+7%3A36–50&version=KJV 23. Matthew15:22–28 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+15%3A22–28&version=KJV 24. Matthew10:5–6 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+10%3A5–6&version=KJV 25. Matthew8:5–13 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+8%3A5–13&version=KJV 26. John4 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+4&version=KJV 27. Matthew28:18–20 — https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+28%3A18–20&version=KJV 28. Abdul Ahad Dawud, Muhammad in the Bible, p.58. 29. Dawud, Muhammad in the Bible, pp.55–58. 30. The Successors of the Messenger, p.3, translated by Muhammad Mahdi al-Sharif. 31–34. Bukhari, Vol. 2, Book 23: Hadiths 454, 458, 459 and 334 (USC-MSA) — https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-23 35. Bukhari, Vol.2, Book18, Hadith167 (USC-MSA). — https://quranx.com/Hadith/Bukhari/USC-MSA/Volume-2/Book-18 36. Quran7:99 — https://quranx.com/7.99; https://quran.com/7/99 37. Quran15:6 — https://quranx.com/15.6; https://quran.com/15/6 38. Quran34:8 — https://quranx.com/34.8; https://quran.com/34/8 39. Quran37:36 — https://quranx.com/37.36; https://quran.com/37/36 40. Quran81:22 — https://quranx.com/81.22; https://quran.com/81/22 41. Quran68:2 — https://quranx.com/68.2; https://quran.com/68/2 42. Quran69:40–47 — https://quranx.com/69.40; https://quran.com/69/40 https://quranx.com; https://www.biblegateway.com https://truthbooster.com AI-assisted narration/presentation.

    31 min

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Explore Islam’s sources, history and theological claims through this 145-lesson course by George Anthony Paul, presented by Abdul Malik. The episodes examine the Quran, Muhammad’s biographies…

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