If you have been exposed to negative news about vaccine side-effects, you are more likely to be affected by them. This is known as the nocebo effect. 

Dr Kate MacKrill, health psychologist at the Department of Psychological Medicine at the University of Auckland, has been studying the nocebo effect in context of Covid-19 vaccinations and has made some startling discoveries. 

Her research shows people are markedly more likely to receive negative side effects from vaccines after seeing bad things about them in the media. 

Arno started the interview by asking what the nocebo effect is.