Cham people in the Mekong delta province of An Giang live mostly in An Phú, TânChâu, and PhúTân district. They celebrate a month of Ramadan in September of the Islamic lunar calendar, which falls in May or June of the solar calendar.

Cham people in An Giang province attend a Ramadan mass. (baoangiang.com.vn)

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/ramadan-month-of-the-cham-890258.vov

Cham people used to have cumbersome procedures for weddings, funerals, and other rituals. Since the Party Central Committee issued a resolution on developing Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity in 1998 and other social movements to build cultural families and lifestyles, the Cham have simplified their rituals to uphold their traditions while reducing expenses.

Photo: A wedding ceremony of the Cham in Ninh Thuan province.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/cham-people-refine-worshipping-rituals-887860.vov

Traditionally, a Thai ethnic man had to stay at his in-laws’ house for 2 to 7 years before bringing his wife home. Although this tradition is no longer practiced, Thai people still observe a singing custom at  weddings called “khap xong khuoi, ton pau” which means singing to bid farewell to the son and welcome the new daughter in-law.

Photo: A wedding feast of the Thai people in the northern province of Son La.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/thai-singing-to-bid-farewell-to-son-welcome-daughter-inlaw-885485.vov

The Dao comprise two groups, who speak the Mien and Mun dialects. In religious rites of the Mùn group, there are always Ka Dong men wearing masks with two horns. They are mysterious men representing deities in the Dao rituals.

The sound of gongs, gourd clarinets, and drums echoes over mountains and forests from Diom A hamlet, Don Duong district, Lam Dong province. Regular performances have revived the music and dances of the local Chu Ru.

Ma Bio plays a gong with a Chu Ru art troupe. (photo: nhandan.com.vn)

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/veteran-artist-helps-revive-chu-ru-culture-880664.vov

The Tho ethnic minority live in mountain communes in Nghe An and Thanh Hoa province. They have maintained their traditional costumes, folk singing, and dancing. Gong playing is an important part of their culture.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/gongs-in-the-life-of-the-tho-874606.vov

It’s a Dao tradition that girls must learn to weave, embroider, and make their own clothes when they are little. The embroidery patterns on their clothes reflect the culture and religion of the Dao. Today VOV looks at the brocade weaving and embroidery of the Dao Tiền in Cao Bang province.

Photo: Dao Tien women make their traditional clothes.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/brocade-weaving-of-the-dao-tien-group-865089.vov

For many generations the Nung An ethnic minority of Phja Thap hamlet have been making incense sticks from natural materials. Phja Thap hamlet at the foot of Ta Hung mountain is famous for its agarwood incense sticks and provides an interesting stop-over on atour of the northern border province of Cao Bang.

Photo: A Nung An woman is rolling incense sticks.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/incensemaking-craft-of-the-nung-an-856152.vov

Sin Ho district in the northern mountainous province of Lai Chau is home to the Dao Khau ethnic minority group. Each Dao Khau clan has a set of musical instruments to use at family and community events such as funerals and weddings. The musical instruments are carefully preserved as a family treasure.

Photo: A musical troupe performs at a wedding ceremony of the Dao Khau.

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/traditional-musical-instruments-of-the-dao-khau-855884.vov

Of the ethnic groups who live in Ha Giang province, the Giay are clustered mainly in Tát Ngà hamlet, Mèo Vạc district. Recent socio-economic development has made their life easier but has not changed their traditional culture. The Giay still uphold the main elements of their customs and culture, including their traditional drum dancing festival.

A man and a woman are selected to beat the drum. (photo: daibieunhandan.vn)

https://vovworld.vn/en-US/colorful-vietnamvietnams-54-ethnic-groups/drum-dance-of-the-giay-851739.vov