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More on Schopenhauer's World as Will and Representation:
▶ https://youtu.be/f-djIdl8WO4

OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I

TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 Introduction
04:18 The 19th century & the paranormal
12:34 Schopenhauer's supernatural experiences
16:43 Schopenhauer's philosophy and the paranormal
37:06 Dreams and ghosts
58:38 Ghosts and dreams
01:02:29 Magic and the end of philosophy

Schopenhauer was always fascinated with the paranormal. He had over 100 books on ghosts, magic, hypnotism, sleepwalking, dreams, etc. in his personal library.

This fascination he wisely kept out of his main work of philosophy, The World as Will and Representation, but in his collection of essays, we find a veritable philosophy of "spirit apparitions."

Schopenhauer is characteristically modest in this essay and offers a first step towards a more complete philosophy of the paranormal. Because he is convinced that belief in ghosts is innate in humans, and therefore, if a philosophy claims to explain the whole world and every possible experience, these human, all-too-human experiences must find a place in it also.

He makes a connection with dreams, and posits that ghosts could potentially have an ideal existence (ideal as in, from transcendental idealism) as opposed to a materialist or spiritualist existence.

How does that work? Through an organ in the brain that he calls the dream organ... Because dreams prove that the brain is capable of generating images without any external stimuli. In going to sleep, the brain switches between modes: it goes from dealing with the external world, to dealing with the internal world.

There is an in-between moment though, when this switch happens. And there is were ghost apparitions come in. You make the room dark and quiet, the brain directs energy away from the processes that take care of the external world, and it focuses on the internal world... Sometimes it can create visions, but imperfect ones: they have a dreamlike gauze, they disappear if you focus your eye on them, they have a translucent, ethereal sheen to them... Ghosts.

The subjective experience of seeing a ghosts is then mirrored in his philosophy because the subjective experience must have an objective counterpart in the Will. A ghost apparition then, requires two rare phenomena to occur together: two persons with strong connections to the world as Will who meet in the strange in-between zone of subjective and objective reality. How all of this works exactly, Schopenhauer isn't sure. But he is hopeful scientists of the future will figure it out...

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OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c

TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 Introduction
03:20 An unlikely meeting
05:07 Nietzsche in Jena
09:16 The clergyman
11:44 My Sister and I
18:35 A Freudian slip
22:30 Edgy Nietzsche
23:42 Christian Nietzsche
25:45 Political Nietzsche
29:10 Should you read this book?
34:52 Conclusion

My Sister and I is an obscure book supposedly written by Nietzsche, published in 1951. So half a century after Nietzsche's death. Still, it caused quite a stir, with heated debates going back & forth over whether or not this book is authentic.

This video explores the crazy story of the manuscript, and how it ended up from a mental asylum in New York City.

The book is a counterpoint to Ecce Homo, Nietzsche's other work of biography. But here, the style is much more toned down. Nietzsche comes across as weak, a man completely exhausted by life, no power left, except to find rare moments of lucidity and write this book. Featuring thoughts on mortality, the afterlife, and shocking biographical revelations.

It also dabbles in Nietzschean philosophy. He claims he was wrong about Tolstoy and Schopenhauer, and above all, Jesus Christ. The book hints at a possible conversion of Nietzsche.

As a mirror-image of Ecce Homo, the book has some philosophical points to make. Mainly on the nature of good and evil, and the Christian faith. There is some critique of Karl Marx here as well (which is suspect, as Marx never appears directly by name in other writings by Nietzsche.) Other passages betray a Freudian influence.

A curious little work well worth reading for any Nietzsche enthusiast.

With music from Kevin MacLeod
http://incompetech.com

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TIMESTAMPS:

00:00 Introduction
01:16 The Greeks: A Bunch of Liars
03:21 The Greeks and Greek Civilisation (Burckhardt)
12:02 Oh, Those Greeks! (Nietzsche)
16:41 The problem of Plato

OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I

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WATCH:
NIETZSCHE Explained: Beyond Good and Evil (part 1):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kG9Djq6PVK8

NIETZSCHE Explained: Will to Power in Beyond Good and Evil (part 2):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ap9lkhHizU

In this third and (for the moment) final part on Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil, we explore the concept of slave morality. Particularly as it pertains to Christianity and Schopenhauer's philosophy. A lot of what is said in this video, is elaborated on in Nietzsche's subsequent work, On the Genealogy of Morals. If this video does well, we will release a full video on this seminal philosophical work.
Nietzsche's main critique on Christianity is that the Christian is weak; anti-life; unnatural. Why? Because the Christian (as does Schopenhauer) regards this world as not that important: it's a preparation for the afterlife. Christians think this because they are a powerless class, as opposed to the ancient Romans who were their historical enemies. The slave revolt in morals is a famous Nietzschean concept and appears together with "ressentiment" in full glory in On the Genealogy of Morals, but is alluded to in Beyond Good and Evil as well. In that way, this video serves as a good bridge between Beyond Good and Evil and Genealogy of Morals.

We highly recommend you watch the other parts in this series before watching this one.

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Arthur Schopenhauer is one of the most influential German philosophers. His philosophy of the Will has influenced thinkers and scientists such as Sigmund Freud, Charles Darwin, Friedrich Nietzsche, and even Albert Einstein. In many ways, Schopenhauer will also anticipate existentialism. In this documentary on the philosophy of Schopenhauer, we take a deep dive into Schopenhauer's magnum opus: The World as Will and Representation. We look at Schopenhauer's metaphysical system, his indebtedness to Immanuel Kant, and his philosophy of the Will.

This video also explores Schopenhauer's ethics and focuses on two recommendations: compassion and asceticism. We also introduce the concept of "agape", or divine love. Schopenhauer's intense focus on the individual, could be seen in some ways as a precursor to the existentialism movement later in philosophy.

Thirdly: Schopenhauer has sometimes been called "the artists' philosopher" because of his lasting influence on art. Art, for Schopenhauer, is a way for us to forget our suffering, even for only a short time. And music was the most perfect means to do so. Lots of artists took Schopenhauer's aesthetic theory to heart and felt emboldened in the pursuit of their craft as a result. We also touch upon his rediscovery of the Platonic Ideas.

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Schopenhauer on being alone and how to deal with society:
▶ https://youtu.be/eSbaqqDfGxU

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Parerga and Paralipomena vol. 1: https://amzn.to/3pK6xCj
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Music:
"Crossing the Divide" “Peppers Theme” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
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WATCH:
▶ Why Nietzsche Loved Thucydides: https://youtu.be/XI2dVkHoG7Q

OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I

TIMESTAMPS:
00:00 A strange discovery
03:16 Aeschylus
06:30 Plato’s Republic
10:36 The Melian Dialogue
14:11 The Riace Bronzes

Music:
"Devastation and Revenge"
"Drums of the Deep"
"Suonatore di Liuto"
by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Support us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:
▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYT

OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I

In Twilight of the Idols, Nietzsche opens up the chapter "The Problem of Socrates" with a bold statement: he calls him ugly.

By itself that's not really a controversial statement: Socrates's unsightly physique is well-attested in ancient sources, and Socrates himself (with a dint of his trademark irony) even agrees with detractors who insult his looks. (His bulging crab-like eyes, for example, allow him to take a broader view of the world than those with normal, forward-facing eyes can... he says to his friend Crito.)

What's so provocative about Nietzsche's statement is not the statement itself but rather that he uses it as an argument against Socrates. Isn't that the classic example of an ad hominem attack? You're ugly therefore you're wrong?

But Nietzsche goes deeper into it and uses the ugliness of Socrates as a springboard to critique ancient Greek culture - how Socrates and the Socrates Revolution was a symptom of decadence, of the ancient pre-Socratic Greeks losing their noble tastes, allowing themselves to be seduced by reason, allowing Socrates to convince them that from now on, they needed good reasons, solid arguments, for their way of life. The happy instinct of the powerful, that needs no justification beyond itself, now stood in need of a justification: good reasons were required for your beliefs.

And the Greeks had Socrates to thank for that.

For Nietzsche, this is not a sign of philosophical enlightenment, but a sign of decay, of decadence, of a loss of strength; of weakness.

Moreover, with Socrates, the way was paved for Plato, and his world-changing distinction between appearance and reality. The Greeks used to judge books by their covers, and Plato changed that. Now, there is this rotten, fallen, imperfect material world juxtaposed with a perfect World of Forms. For the pre-Socratic Greeks, this idea was not as forceful as it is today: appearance WAS reality.

And only ugly Socrates, who could not compete with the strong, healthy, noble Greeks on physical terms, had to invent a kind of mental challenge: the tyranny of reason, and the prelude to the World of Forms where reason would reign supreme over all the rest. Mind over body, reason over instinct, idea over reality.

This video was sponsored by Brilliant.

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Support us on Patreon, get access to exclusive videos:
▶ https://www.patreon.com/WeltgeistYT

OUR ANALYSES:
▶ Beyond Good and Evil: https://youtu.be/WIHXZUltfqk
▶ The Antichrist: https://youtu.be/qej1Z8Qzq_c
▶ Genealogy of Morals: https://youtu.be/6PUx4cOfFcI
▶ Twilight of the Idols: https://youtu.be/YpVr_NEvWYA
▶ The Will to Power: https://youtu.be/He6ZC7ZFBt8
▶ Daybreak: https://youtu.be/cOL2z7nuXdA
▶ The Joyful Science: https://youtu.be/U0fTBOJ-C_I

Music used:
"Mesmerizing Galaxy", "Lightless Dawn", "Minima" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Welcome to the first part of our series on the famous Will to Power. We will tackle this elusive concept of Nietzsche in three parts.

This first part will serve as an introduction of sorts. We’ll go over Nietzsche’s intellectual background, most importantly the influence of Schopenhauer and Darwinism. We will also look at the question of interpretation: is the Will to Power a metaphysical principle or simply a human drive or emotion?

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