THE AUTISM EPIDEMIC: IS IT REAL?
Social Communication and Interaction Skills
Social communication and interaction skills can be challenging for people with ASD.
Examples of social communication and social interaction characteristics related to ASD can include
- Avoids or does not keep eye contact
Does not respond to name by 9 months of ageDoes not show facial expressions like happy, sad, angry, and surprised by 9 months of ageDoes not play simple interactive games like pat-a-cake by 12 months of ageUses few or no gestures by 12 months of age (for example, does not wave goodbye)Does not share interests with others by 15 months of age (for example, shows you an object that they like)Does not point to show you something interesting by 18 months of ageDoes not notice when others are hurt or upset by 24 months of ageDoes not notice other children and join them in play by 36 months of ageDoes not pretend to be something else, like a teacher or superhero, during play by 48 months of ageDoes not sing, dance, or act for you by 60 months of ageRestricted or Repetitive Behaviors or Interests
People with ASD have behaviors or interests that can seem unusual. These behaviors or interests set ASD apart from conditions defined by problems with social communication and interaction only.
Examples of restricted or repetitive behaviors and interests related to ASD can include
- Lines up toys or other objects and gets upset when order is changed
Repeats words or phrases over and over (called echolalia)Plays with toys the same way every timeIs focused on parts of objects (for example, wheels)Gets upset by minor changesHas obsessive interestsMust follow certain routinesFlaps hands, rocks body, or spins self in circlesHas unusual reactions to the way things sound, smell, taste, look, or feelOther Characteristics
Most people with ASD have other related characteristics. These might include
Delayed movement skillsDelayed cognitive or learning skillsHyperactive, impulsive, and/or inattentive behaviorEpilepsy or seizure disorderUnusual eating and sleeping habitsGastrointestinal issues (for example, constipation)Unusual mood or emotional reactionsAnxiety, stress, or excessive worryLack of fear or more fear than expectedIt is important to note that children with ASD may not have all or any of the behaviors listed as examples here.
Learn more about screening and diagnosis of ASD
Learn more about treating the symptoms of ASD