Ensure vs. insure vs. assure

1.     ensure

to make something certain to happen保证，确保(某种结果)

Vaccination ensures protection against many diseases.

接种疫苗能确保预防多种疾病。

Proper planning ensures the success of the project.

妥善规划能确保项目成功。

Please ensure that all the lights are turned off before leaving.

请确保离开前所有灯都关掉。

2.     insure

to arrange for compensation in the event of damage to or loss of (property), or injury to or the death of (someone), in exchange for regular payments to a company or to the state为…投保；给…保险

The house is insured against fire and theft.

这房子投保了火险和盗窃险。

He insured his life for a million dollars.

他为自己的生命投保了一百万美元。

3.     assure

to tell somebody that something is definitely true or is definitely going to happen, especially when they have doubts about it向…保证；使确信

I assure you that everything will be ready on time.

我向你保证一切都会按时准备好。

She assured me that she would come to the party.

她向我保证她会来参加派对。

She assured herself of the facts before making a decision.

她在做决定之前先让自己确信了事实。

Epitomize【v.】

1.     to summarize or represent the most important parts of something概括；摘要

The book epitomizes the author's early works.

这本书概括了作者早期的作品。

2.     to be a perfect example of a particular quality or type成为…的典范；是…的典型代表

The poem epitomizes the poet's deep love for his homeland.

这首诗是诗人对家乡的深爱的缩影。

This building epitomizes the spirit of the modern age.

这栋建筑是现代精神的缩影。

 epitome【n.】

1.     a summary of a written work; an abstract梗概；摘要

He wrote an epitome of the novel for his literature class.

他为文学课写了一篇小说的梗概。

2.     a perfect example of a particular quality or type典型；典范；象征

She is the epitome of kindness and generosity.

她是善良和慷慨的典范。

Chink

1.     【n.】a narrow opening or crack, typically one that allows light through裂缝，缝隙

A chink in the curtains allowed a ray of sunlight to enter the room.

窗帘的一道缝隙让一缕阳光照进了房间。

【vt.】to fill or block up narrow openings or cracks填补，堵住(缝隙)

They chinked the gaps in the log cabin with moss.

他们用苔藓填补木屋的缝隙。

2.     【n.】【+in】a small hole or weak point in a defense or argument（防御或论点中的）漏洞，破绽

He found a chink in the opponent's argument.

他发现了对手论点中的一个弱点。

3.     【n.】【+of】a light ringing sound, such as that made by glasses or coins striking together叮当声，叮铃声

The chink of glasses signaled the start of the toast.

酒杯的叮当声标志着敬酒开始。

【v.】to make or cause to make a light, high-pitched ringing sound, like that of glasses or coins striking together发出叮当声，使发出叮当声

The coins chinked in his pocket as he walked.

他走路时硬币在口袋里叮当作响。

Occupy【v.】

1.     to fill or use a space, area, or amount of time占据，占用(空间、时间)

【空间】The bed occupies a lot of space in the room.

这张床占据了房间里很多空间。

【空间】They occupy a small apartment in the city center.

他们住在市中心的一间小公寓里。

【时间】The meeting occupied the entire morning.

会议占用了整个上午的时间。

2.     to enter a place in a large group and take control of it, especially by military force占领(尤指军事)

The army occupied the enemy's capital.

军队占领了敌方的首都。

Protesters occupied the government building.

抗议者占领了政府大楼。

3.     to have an official position or job担任(职位)

She occupies the position of CEO in the company.

她在公司担任首席执行官一职。

She occupies the chair of the department.

她担任系主任一职。

4.     to keep someone busy or interested使忙于，使全神贯注

【occupy oneself with sth】

The children occupied themselves with drawing.

孩子们忙着画画。

The puzzle occupied her for hours.

这个谜题让她忙了好几个小时。

【be occupied with】

Her mind was occupied with thoughts of the future.

她的心里充满了对未来的思考。

Stamp

1-1 【v.】to impress or imprint (a mark or design) on a surface with a stamp在…上盖印；在…上盖章

The customs officer stamped my passport.

海关官员在我的护照上盖了章。

1-2 【n.】a mark or design made by pressing a tool onto a surface印记，印章

The passport has a stamp showing the date of entry.

护照上有一个显示入境日期的戳记。

2-1 【v.】to bring down (one's foot) heavily on the ground or something else用力踩；跺（脚）

The audience stamped their feet in rhythm with the music.

观众们随着音乐的节奏跺脚。

2-2 【n.】the act of stamping your foot跺脚

She gave a stamp of frustration when she heard the news.

听到这个消息时，她气得跺了一下脚。

3-1 【v.】to have a lasting or significant effect on something在…上留下深刻影响

The war stamped its mark on the generation that lived through it.

战争给经历过它的一代人留下了深刻的印记。

3-2 【n.】a particular quality or characteristic特征，标记

His work bears the stamp of genius.

他的作品带有天才的标记。

Score

1.     【n.】the number of points, goals, etc. achieved in a game or competition（游戏或比赛中的）得分，比分

The final score was 4–3.

最后的比分是4比3。

I got a high score on the test.
我考试得了高分。

2.     【v.】to gain points, goals, etc. in a game or competition得分

He scored twice in the first half.

他在上半场进了两个球。

The team scored a total of 30 points in the game.

这支队伍在比赛中总共得了30分。

3.     【v.】to achieve or obtain something, especially something important or valuable获得，取得

They scored a major victory in the negotiations.

他们在谈判中取得了重大胜利。

4.     【v.】to get sth good /free with little effort。口语化表达：轻松捞到、白嫖、侥幸拿到、捡漏到好东西

He scored a free meal.

他蹭到了一顿免费的饭。

5.     【n.】a set of twenty二十，二十个

A score of people attended the meeting.

二十人参加了会议。

Justify【v.】

1.     to show or prove to be right or reasonable证明…正当(或有理、正确)；为…辩护

l  justify (doing) sth.

He tried to justify his actions by claiming he was acting in self-defense.

他试图为自己的行为辩护，声称自己是出于自卫。

How can you justify spending so much money?
你怎么能为花这么多钱辩解？

2.     to give or be a good reason for something为解释…提供正当理由

l  justify why

Can you justify why you were late again?

你能解释一下你为什么又迟到了吗？

He couldn't justify why he had lied to his boss.

他无法解释为什么他对老板撒谎。

l  be justified in doing sth

to have a good reason for doing something有正当理由做某事（客观、正式的语境）

You would be justified in refusing to work under such conditions.

你有正当理由拒绝在这样的条件下工作。

surge

1. 【v.】to move quickly and powerfully in a particular direction汹涌；涌动

The crowd surged forward to see the celebrity.

人群向前涌动，想看一眼那位名人。

Water surged over the banks of the river.

水涌上了河岸。

【n.】a sudden, strong forward or upward movement突然的向前或向上的强烈运动

The boat was caught in a surge of waves.

船被一阵波浪冲击。

2. 【v.】to increase suddenly and greatly急剧上升；飞涨

Her heart rate surged after the intense exercise.

剧烈运动后，她的心率急剧上升。

【n.】a sudden and great increase in something突然增加，急剧上升

There has been a surge in demand for organic food.

对有机食品的需求激增。

3. 【v.】to feel a sudden strong emotion突然感到（强烈情感）

Anger surged through him when he heard the news.

听到这个消息，他怒火中烧。

【n.】a powerful rush of an emotion or feeling情感的强烈涌动

She felt a surge of love for her newborn baby.

她对新生儿感到一阵强烈的爱意。

Squash【v.】+sth.

1. to press or squeeze something so that it becomes flat, soft, or out of shape压扁，压碎

She squashed the empty can with her foot.

她用脚踩扁了空罐子。

He squashed the bread in his hand.

他把面包捏扁在手里。

2. to put somebody/something into a space that is too small塞进

She squashed all her clothes into the suitcase.

她把所有的衣服都塞进了手提箱。

3. to stop something from continuing to exist or happen镇压，压制

He squashed all opposition to his plan.

他压制了所有反对他计划的意见。

—> squash【n.】

1. a game played in a walled court with a small rubber ball and rackets壁球（一种在四面有墙的球场内用小球拍击打小橡胶球的运动）

He plays squash twice a week to stay fit.

他每周打两次壁球以保持健康。

2. a type of vegetable that grows on the ground and is typically large and round or elongated with a hard skin南瓜属植物（一种生长在地面上的蔬菜，通常较大，圆形或长形，外皮坚硬）

We grew several squashes in our garden this year.

今年我们在花园里种了几种南瓜。

—> squash【v.】+sb.

1. to make somebody feel embarrassed or humiliated使尴尬，使难堪

Her rude remark squashed him completely.

她粗鲁的评论让他无地自容。

2. to defeat somebody easily, especially in a sports game轻松击败（尤指在体育比赛中）

She squashed all her competitors in the tournament.

她在比赛中轻松击败了所有对手。

Stint【n.】

1. a limitation or restriction, especially in the amount of something given or allowed限制，限定（尤指给予或允许的数量）

They gave without stint to the charity.

他们慷慨地捐赠给慈善机构。

2. a fixed or limited period of time spent doing a particular job or activity固定或有限的一段时间（从事某项工作或活动）

She did a stint as a teacher before becoming a journalist.

她在成为记者之前做过一段时间的老师。

He had a brief stint in the army.

他在军队里待过很短的一段时间。

Stint【v.】

1. to restrict or limit someone or something in some way限制；节制

The manager stinted the team's budget for the event.

经理限制了团队用于该活动的预算。

2. to be very careful about what you spend, give, or use, so that you keep as much as possible吝啬；节省

She never stints on food when she entertains guests.

她招待客人时从不吝啬食物。

They stinted spend on unnecessary items during the trip.

他们在旅途中节省不必要的开支。