One night, an ad on Reddit caught Jake Eberts’ eye. Using graphics from the classic video game “The Oregon Trail,” it said something like, “You have died of dysentery. Help us prevent dysentery by joining this vaccine study.”

Eberts was intrigued. For $7,300 (and out of a sense of altruism), he joined a study on a shigellosis vaccine that required him to be exposed to the bacteria that causes the disease.

On this episode of the “First Opinion Podcast,” we speak with Eberts, who is now on the board of the nonprofit 1Day Sooner, and Jill Fisher, a professor of social medicine at the University of North Carolina. We discussed how pay for healthy volunteers works, why institutional review boards are reluctant to raise rates, and the ethical conundrums that come with paying people to get sick.