The D.C. Circuit’s Slaughter v. Trump decision spotlights a constitutional clash: Can the president remove FTC commissioners, Federal Reserve governors, and other “independent” officers at will? Mark Chenoweth and John Vecchione unpack Judge Naomi Rao’s forceful dissent, the future of Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, and why the Supreme Court may soon have to decide the limits of presidential removal power.