Ancient Egypt may never stop fascinating us modern types, but as archeologists in recent centuries began to explore the ruined temples and tombs of one of humanity's oldest civilizations, they unearthed a puzzle: what had led to the seemingly violent attempt to erase a pharaoh whose monuments - intact or destroyed - were some of the finest works ever found?

When they learned that Pharaoh Hatshepsut was a woman, their 18th and 19th century brains curdled, coming up with a story of an evil queen who stole her power from the rightful heir. None of this was true. Hatshepsut strode across her world's stage at a moment of rising stability and prosperity in Egypt, and added to it, preserving the throne as regent to a two-year old Pharaoh Thutmose III, and co-reigning alongside him as he matured into one of Egypt's greatest military leaders and pharaohs himself.

Hatshepsut's reign widened the possibilities for a kingdom on the cusp of a Golden Age, and gifted humanity with some of the most marvelous pieces of antiquity discovered yet.

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