The books of Samuel (Hebrew שמואל' Σαμουήλ 1-2 samuèl or A'-B' Βασιλέων 1-2 basiléon, "1-2 kings"; Latin 1-2 Samuel) are two texts contained in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh, where they are counted as a single text) and in the Christian Bible.

They are written in Hebrew and, according to the hypothesis most shared by scholars, their final editing by unknown authors, is placed in the sixth-fifth century BC in Judea, on the basis of previous oral and written traditions, in particular of the so-called Deuteronomist source of the seventh century BC.

The first book consists of 31 chapters describing the prophetic ministry of Samuel, the reign of Saul, and the youth of David, set in Judea around 1100-1010 BC. The second book consists of 24 chapters describing the reign of David around 1010-970 BC.

The two Books of Samuel constitute, with the following two books of Kings, a continuous work, so much so that the Greek version of the Septuagint and the Latin version of St. Jerome, the so-called Vulgate, have preferred to call them in their entirety the Four Books of Kings (in Greek Basileion).

The name "Books of Samuel" derives from a late Talmudic opinion that attributed their compilation to the prophet Samuel.

Both the books of Samuel and those of Kings are to be traced back to a single project, that of outlining the historical events of Israel from the end of the era of the Judges until the end of the monarchy with the Babylonian invasion of Nebuchadnezzar II: a period of time that covers over six centuries. The final editing dates back to the sixth century BC.

(From Italian Wikipedia).

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