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Chapter 5 is a shift in St. Paul’s argument and can be broken into two halves:
In this chapter, St. Paul presents an example of Abraham as a righteous person in the Old Testament, Jewish Scriptures. He was justified through his faith even though he was uncircumcised and before he had practiced any of the instructions in the Law of Moses because the Law of Moses had not been given.
This episode offers a general introduction to St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans and a review of chapter 1.
In this chapter, St Paul reveals the essence of his whole message. Throughout his letter, we see St. Paul’s love for everyone.
The last chapter explains St. Paul’s journey from Caesarea to Rome. We did not see him make it all the way to Rome as he journeyed at sea, encountered a storm, and the last chapter ended with a shipwreck. In this chapter we learn that they came ashore after the shipwreck on the island of Malta. We see God working through St. Paul on this island and the rest of his trip to Rome.
Overall, the book of Acts covers approximately 30 years. It begins in Jerusalem and ends in Rome. At this time, Rome is still at the height of its power.
In the previous chapter St. Paul had a trial before Felix, the Roman governor of the region with both the Jewish leaders and St. Paul present. Following the trial, the governor refused to make a final decision and put St. Paul back in prison. Afterwards, Felix and his wife, Drusilla met with St. Paul for some conversations.
St. Paul spent two years in prison with no trial, as Felix did a favor for the Jews. The relationship between the Jewish leadership and Felix the Roman governor was characterized by some tension which is why he took steps to curry favor with them. Even so, he was removed from office and recalled to Rome due to complaints from the Jews. In part to curry favor with them, Felix left St. Paul in prison for his replacement, Festus.
In this chapter we see St. Paul a couple of times and a couple of other times we see him being the subject of people’s conversation.
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