Examples of how the two communities can interact to benefit each other from Niger and Mali. From Mali the arrangements of the Barahogon Association are explained, including how disputes are resolved.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Farmer managed natural regeneration (FMNR) has helped to "regreen" five million hectares of land in Niger after three decades of destruction. It is an effective way of reintroducing parkland agroforestry to help improve management of crops and livestock.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Integrated soil fertility management is based on maximising the use of organic fertilizers, minimizing the loss of nutrients and optimizing the use of inorganic fertilizer. Microdosing and mulching are featured.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Trees produce timber and firewood, but also fruit, pods, leaves and medicines for people and livestock. Some species help improve soil fertility and reduce local temperatures. The system supports crops and livestock.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Demi-lunes (half-moons) are in the shaped of a semi-circle with the tips of the bunds on the contour. They come in a variety of sizes, which help with water harvesting in semi-arid areas. They help to improve soil fertility when manure or compost is added.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Zaï as they are known in Burkina Faso, or tassa in Niger, are wide deep planting pits. They act as a micro-catchment and can be used to rehabilitate soils when used with manure. They have been very successful in West Africa during the last 25 years.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Zero-grazing is where fodder is cut and carried to cows which are kept in stalls. It is suited to where land is scarce. When the manure that the cows produce is mixed with water it can provide the fuel for a bio-gas plant. The mix of methane and carbon dioxide can be used for cooking or lighting and the semi-solid residue makes good fertilizer.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at:  www.AccessAgriculture.org

Runoff water from roads can give an extra boost to crops during the rainy season, or if it is stored in ponds can be used for irrigating horticultural crops.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at: www.AccessAgriculture.org

Grevillea robusta was originally introduced as a shade tree in the coffee and tea estates of East Africa. Now small-scale farmers use the tree in many ways as it does not interfere with crop growth. Uses include timber, fuel wood, leaf mulch, shade, and it serves as a windbreak.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at: www.AccessAgriculture.org

Fanya juu means "throw the soil up" in Kiswahili. The terraces formed are ideal for fodder grasses and help prevent soil erosion. Cultivation becomes easier as the terraces spread out to make the land more level and when combined with manure/fertilizer yields increase.

Download the full audio podcast in different languages at: www.AccessAgriculture.org