ADDITIONAL HISTORY: Headlines You Probably Missed

On Monday's episode I talked about the Homestead Riot, involving one of Andrew Carnegie's steel mills. Carnegie might have been a ruthless businessman, but he knew how important knowledge was. One by one he built thousands of libraries and concert halls. They dotted this country and others. Just how much did Andrew Carnegie give away?

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SOURCES

“Andrew Carnegie.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 18, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie.

Biography.com Editors. “Andrew Carnegie.” Biography.com. A&E Networks Television. Accessed April 21, 2023. https://www.biography.com/business-leaders/andrew-carnegie.

“The Carnegie Free Library.” The Glasgow Herald (Glasgow, Scotland), July 28, 1881. www.newspapers.com.

“Carnegie Library.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_library.

“Idaho Falls Public Library.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, June 21, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idaho_Falls_Public_Library.

Stamberg, Susan. “How Andrew Carnegie Turned His Fortune into a Library Legacy.” NPR. NPR, August 1, 2013. https://www.npr.org/2013/08/01/207272849/how-andrew-carnegie-turned-his-fortune-into-a-library-legacy.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

On June 30, 1892, a huge riot broke out in Homestead, Pennsylvania. What was the riot about? And why was the richest man in the world involved? And, most importantly for THIS podcast, what else was being printed in newspapers on that same day.

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SOURCES

“1892 Homestead Strike.” AFL-CIO. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://aflcio.org/about/history/labor-history-events/1892-homestead-strike.

“Advertisements: Front Page.” The Silver State (Winnemucca, Nevada), June 30, 1892.

“Cream A Bad Character.” Manitoba Semi-Weekly Free Press (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada), June 30, 1892.

“The Crystal Palace.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 9, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crystal_Palace.

“Death In Mid-Air.” The Carlisle Sentinel (Carlisle, Pennsylvania), June 30, 1892.

“Hanged For Wife-Murder.” The Appleton Crescent (Appleton, Wisconsin), February 11, 1893.

Hinckley, Erik. “Holmes, Wallace W. .” Vermont Civil War, lest we forget. Accessed April 25, 2023. https://vermontcivilwar.org/get.php?input=3050.

“Holmes Murder Trial.” The Meriden Daily Journal (Meriden, Connecticut), June 30, 1892.

“Homestead Strike - Summary, Causes & Impact.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/homestead-strike.

“Jack the Ripper - Dr. Thomas Neill Cream.” Casebook. Accessed April 24, 2023. https://www.casebook.org/suspects/cream.html.

“Pinkertons Are Coming.” The Pittsburgh Dispatch (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), June 30, 1892.

“Terrible Balloon Accident.” Manchester Weekly Times and Examiner (Manchester, England), July 1, 1892.

“Thomas Neill Cream.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Neill_Cream.

“1892 Homestead Strike.” AFL-CIO. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://aflcio.org/about/history/labor-history-events/1892-homestead-strike.

“Advertisements: Front Page.” The Silver State (Winnemucca, Nevada), June 30, 1892.

“Cream A Bad Character.” Manitoba Semi-Weekly Free Press (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada), June 30, 1892.

“The Crystal Palace.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 9, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crystal_Palace.

“Death In Mid-Air.” The Carlisle Sentinel (Carlisle, Pennsylvania), June 30, 1892.

“Hanged For Wife-Murder.” The Appleton Crescent (Appleton, Wisconsin), February 11, 1893.

Hinckley, Erik. “Holmes, Wallace W. .” Vermont Civil War, lest we forget. Accessed April 25, 2023. https://vermontcivilwar.org/get.php?input=3050.

“Holmes Murder Trial.” The Meriden Daily Journal (Meriden, Connecticut), June 30, 1892.

“Homestead Strike - Summary, Causes & Impact.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 22, 2023. https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/homestead-strike.

“Jack the Ripper - Dr. Thomas Neill Cream.” Casebook. Accessed April 24, 2023. https://www.casebook.org/suspects/cream.html.

“Pinkertons Are Coming.” The Pittsburgh Dispatch (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), June 30, 1892.

“Terrible Balloon Accident.” Manchester Weekly Times and Examiner (Manchester, England), July 1, 1892.

“Thomas Neill Cream.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Neill_Cream.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

December 5, 1933, was a day to celebrate for some, and a day to mourn for others. It was a day that was fourteen years in the making. That day, three states voted to pass the amendment that would repeal prohibition. Alcohol was once again legal in the United States. What else was sharing headlines with the big news story of the day?

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SOURCES

“Arguments Begin in Lubbock Trial.” Fort Worth Star-Telegram (Forth Worth, Texas), December 8, 1933.

Associated Press. “18th Amendment Erased From Constitution.” The St. Cloud Times (St. Cloud, Minnesota), December 5, 1933.

Associated Press. “Arkansas Police Sure They Had Pretty Boy Floyd.” Jefferson City Post-Tribune (Jefferson City, Missouri), December 4, 1933.

Associated Press. “Autopsy Ordered In Girl's Death.” The Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, Maryland), December 5, 1933.

Associated Press. “Floyd County Man Given Two Years.” Wichita Falls Times (Wichita Falls, Texas), December 10, 1933.

Associated Press. “Missing Maryland Girl Is Found Dead.” St. Louis Globe-Democrat (St. Louis, Missouri), December 5, 1933.

Associated Press. “Readhimer Murder Case Opens At Floydada.” Wichita Falls Record News (Wichita Falls, Texas), December 5, 1933.

“Crash Reveals Trap For FLoyd.” Shawnee Evening Star (Shawnee, Oklahoma), December 5, 1933.

“Ex Parte Readhimer, 123 Tex. Crim. 635, 60 S.W.2d 788 (1933).” Read caselaw. Accessed April 17, 2023. https://cite.case.law/tex-crim/123/635/.

“Floydada Man Freed of Charge of Murder.” Waco Tribune-Herald (Waco, Texas), October 22, 1933.

“George Armwood (b. 1911 - d. 1933).” George Armwood , MSA SC 3520-13750. Accessed April 17, 2023. https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/013700/013750/html/13750bio.html.

“The Night Prohibition Ended.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 17, 2023. https://www.history.com/news/the-night-prohibition-ended.

“Pretty Boy Floyd.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 17, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Boy_Floyd.

[email protected], John LovettTimes. “'Pretty Boy' Floyd Family Couldn't Turn Bonnie and Clyde Away.” Southwest Times Record. Fort Smith Times Record, January 2, 2019. https://www.swtimes.com/story/lifestyle/2018/12/30/pretty-boy-floyd-family/6406629007/.

Speer, Bonnie. “Some Dents in Killer's Legend.” The Oklahoman. Oklahoman, May 30, 1982. https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1982/05/30/some-dents-in-killers-legend/62883131007/.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

For hundreds of years, newspaper columnists have been sharing advice with those who send in letters with important questions. What do you know about the most famous advice columnists in the United States? Who are the women behind the pseudonyms?

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SOURCES

“Advice Column.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 28, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advice_column.

“Ask Ann Landers.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, February 26, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ask_Ann_Landers.

Associated Press. “Dorothy Dix, Who Gave Advice To Perplexed Thousands.” The Evening Star (Washington D. C. ), December 17, 1951.

“Dear Abby.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 8, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dear_Abby.

Dix, Dorothy. “Dorothy Dix Speaks.” The Times-Picayune (Louisiana), January 12, 1896.

“Dorothy Dix (1861-1951) .” Find a Grave. Accessed April 11, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6420490/dorothy-dix?_gl=1%2A1wgv30n%2A_ga%2AMjU5ODM1OTY3LjE2NjA2ODM1MzM.%2A_ga_4QT8FMEX30%2ANTExZDgxN2ItZTE4Yy00ODVlLWE3MzItNDI3YWU4ODllMzM5LjM2LjEuMTY4MTIzMDIyNS40OC4wLjA.

“Dorothy Dix.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 2, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Dix.

“Eppie Lederer.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 5, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eppie_Lederer.

“Judith Martin.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 8, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith_Martin.

Morehead, Albert H. “Dorothy Dix Is Real Woman, Although That Is Not Her Name.” The Kingston Whig-Standard (Kingston, Ontario, Canada), December 14, 1944.

“Pauline Phillips.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, April 10, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline_Phillips.

Van Buren, Abigail. “Dear Abby.” The News-Messenger (Fremont, Ohio), October 22, 1962.

Written by Mimi Montgomery | Published on July 22, 2020. “Miss Manners Has Some Tips for You on Zoom Etiquette.” Washingtonian, July 22, 2020. https://www.washingtonian.com/2020/07/22/miss-manners-judith-martin-covid-19-etiquette/.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

On September 4, 1951, the first ever transcontinental television broadcast was made. People tuned in from around the country and world to listen to an important speech from President Harry S. Truman. What was the subject of his speech? What else was being reported in newspapers on the same day?

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SOURCES

“1950 United States Federal Census (Grigsby/Grisby Family).” Ancestry.com. Accessed April 10, 2023. https://www.ancestry.com.

“2 Children Kidnaped (Sic) by Deranged Neighbor; Lives Feared in Danger.” The Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), September 2, 1951.

“Advertisement: A. C. Miller Polio Insurance (Page 3).” The Wagoner Tribune (Wagoner, Oklahoma), September 4, 1951.

Associated Press. “Cast-off Proofs Now Worth $10,000.” The Staunton News-Leader (Staunton, Virginia), September 4, 1951.

Associated Press. “Louis Adamic Shot to Death, Body Found in Burned House.” The Evening Star (Washington D. C. ), September 4, 1951.

Fox, Joseph A. “Truman to Call on Free World to Back Treaty.” The Evening Star (Washington D. C.), September 4, 1951.

“Jude Releases Kidnaper (Sic) 'Only Technically' Guilty.” Chester Times (Chester, Pennsylvania), November 30, 1951.

“Kidnap Suspect Who Took Two Neighboring Children Out of State Held Without Bail.” The Chester Times (Chester, Pennsylvania), September 12, 1951.

“Kidnaped Children, Suspect Enroute Home (Sic).” The Chester Times (Chester, Pennsylvania), September 4, 1951.

“'Kidnaper' (Sic) of 2 Children Sent to Mental Hospital.” The Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), October 2, 1951.

“Lewis Carroll - Books, Quotes & Poems - Biography.” Accessed April 10, 2023. https://www.biography.com/authors-writers/lewis-carroll.

“List of Most Watched Television Broadcasts in the United States.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 22, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_watched_television_broadcasts_in_the_United_States.

“Louis Adamic.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Adamic.

“Madera Tribune, Volume 60, Number 131, 5 September 1951.” Madera Tribune 5 September 1951 - California Digital Newspaper Collection. Accessed April 10, 2023. https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MT19510905.2.72&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------.

“No Defense Offered in Kidnap Case.” The Chester Times (Chester, Pennsylvania), October 1, 1951.

“President Truman Makes First Transcontinental Television Broadcast.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 10, 2023. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/president-truman-makes-first-transcontinental-television-broadcast.

“President Truman Makes the First Transcontinental Television Broadcast.” President Truman Makes the First Transcontinental Television Broadcast : History of Information. Accessed April 10, 2023. https://historyofinformation.com/detail.php?entryid=4672.

United Press. “Writer Found Shot to Death, Circled By Fire.” The Wichita Beacon (Wichita, Kansas), September 4, 1951.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Today in Boston, the world-famous Boston Marathon is being run. What do you know about the FIRST Boston Marathon back in 1897? What else was being reported in newspapers on that exact same day?

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SOURCES

“Advertisement: The Elixir of Life (Page 4) .” The Emporia Gazette (Emporia, Kansas), April 19, 1897.

“B. A. A. Road Race (Page 5).” The Boston Globe (Boston, Massachusetts), April 19, 1897.

“Boston Marathon Bombing - Victims, Suspects & Facts.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 7, 2023. https://www.history.com/topics/21st-century/boston-marathon-bombings.

“A Contract with the Devil.” Murder by Gaslight. Accessed April 7, 2023. http://www.murderbygaslight.com/2013/02/a-contract-with-devil.html.

“Gen. Grant's Body Removed.” The Daily Pantagraph (Bloomington, Illinois), December 19, 1897.

“Grant's Resting Place.” National Parks Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. Accessed April 7, 2023. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/grant-s-resting-place.htm#:~:text=On%20July%2023%2C%201885%2C%20President,could%20not%20be%20buried%20there.

Hevesi, Dennis. “No One in Grant's Tomb Unless It's Fixed, Family Warns.” The New York Times. The New York Times, October 16, 1994. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/16/nyregion/no-one-in-grant-s-tomb-unless-it-s-fixed-family-warns.html#:~:text=The%20answer%20to%20Groucho%20Marx's,great%20grandson%20of%20Ulysses%20S.

“History of the Boston Marathon.” History | Boston Athletic Association. Accessed April 7, 2023. https://www.baa.org/races/boston-marathon/history.

“Is the Suicide Ernest Markham.” Buffalo Courier (Buffalo, New York), April 19, 1897.

Kotecha, Tejas. “Kathrine Switzer: First Woman to Officially Run Boston Marathon on the Iconic Moment She Was Attacked by the Race Organiser.” Sky Sports. Sky Sports. Accessed April 7, 2023. https://www.skysports.com/more-sports/athletics/news/29175/12475824/kathrine-switzer-first-woman-to-officially-run-boston-marathon-on-the-iconic-moment-she-was-attacked-by-the-race-organiser#:~:text=Switzer%20did%20finish%20the%20race,for%20the%20girl%20to%20finish.

“A Man Hunt.” Daily Kennebec Journal (Augusta, Maine), April 19, 1897.

“Markham Committed Suicide.” Fall River Daily Evening News (Fall River, Massachusetts), April 20, 1897.

“May Be A Boston Man and Markham Missing Since Friday.” The Boston Globe (Boston, Massachusetts), April 19, 1897.

“Who's Buried in Grant's Tomb?” Coldwell Banker Warburg, December 2, 2016. https://cbwarburg.com/nabes/whos-buried-in-grants-tomb/.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Back in the 1920s it seemed that everyone sought adventure, and attempting to stowaway on ships was a popular trend. In today's mini episode, I'll tell you about a determined teenager who made it all the way to Antarctica by doing this.

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SOURCES

“Cpt William G Gawronski (1910-1981).” Find a Grave. Accessed April 6, 2023. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/173822280/william-g-gawronski.

Potenza, Alessandra. “How a Teenage Stowaway Made It to Antarctica 90 Years Ago.”

The Verge, March 4, 2018.

Shapiro, Laurie Gwen. “The Tale of the Stowaway Who Traded Antarctic Adventures for a Columbia Classroom.”

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Today's episode is extra special because I'm covering two different dates about the same event. On December 14, 1911, the South Pole was reached for the first time. However, due to tricky navigation, the important news didn't reach newspapers until March 7, 1912. What else was being printed in newspapers on those days?

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SOURCES

“Advertisement: Your Face Is Your Fortune (Page 3).” The Evening Star (Washington D.C.), December14, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

“Aged Churchman Charged With Arson.” The Hickman Courier (Hickman, Kentucky), December 14, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

“Amundsen's New Plan.” The Evening Star (Washington D. C.), December 14, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

“Amundsen's South Pole Expedition.” Wikipedia. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amundsen%27s_South_Pole_expedition.

“Atlanta Man Accuses Wife of Shooting.” The Buffalo News (Buffalo, New York), March 7, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“Bail Discharged of Old Bridge's Alleged Firebugs.” The Central New Jersey Home News (New Brunswick, New Jersey), December 13, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“Captain Amundsen, Famous Explorer, Back From Pole.” The Pacific Commercial Advertiser (Honolulu, Hawaii), March 7, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“The Durbar at Delhi/The Elephant Snubbed.” Lancaster Teller (Lancaster, Wisconsin), December 14, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

“Ellis W. Appleby Dies in the South.” The Central New Jersey Home News (New Brunswick, New Jersey), December 21, 1923. www.newspapers.com.

“Emperor of India.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, March 27, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_India#:~:text=Three%20subsequent%20British%20monarchs%20followed,visit%20India%20was%20George%20V.

“Mrs. Grace, Outwardly Calm, Hears Verdict of Acquittal.” The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia), August 3, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“Puzzling Grace Shooting Scrape Will Be Aired In Atlanta Monday.” The Tennessean (Nashville, Tennessee), July 21, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“The Race to the South Pole: Scott and Amundsen.” Royal Museums Greenwich. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/race-south-pole-scott-amundsen.

“Roald Amundsen Becomes First Explorer to Reach the South Pole.” History.com. A&E Television Networks. Accessed April 4, 2023. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/amundsen-reaches-south-pole.

“Shot Husband While Dreaming.” Waterloo Evening Courier (Waterloo, Iowa), March 7, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“Statements of the Two Principals Before Trial Started.” The Atlanta Georgian and News, July 29, 1912. www.newspapers.com.

“Thinks Appleby Is a Pyromaniac.” The Daily Record (Long Branch, New Jersey), November 1, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

“Woman May Be Witness In Arson Case.” The Central New Jersey Home News (New Brunswick, New Jersey), November 4, 1911. www.newspapers.com.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

On September 5, 1972, during the Munich Olympic games, a group calling themselves Black September took members of the Israeli delegation hostage. What should have been a day of celebration for the United States and other countries ended in tragedy instead. What else was being reported around the world on the same day?

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SOURCES

“Advertisement: Woodsy Owl (Page 11).” The Selma Times-Journal (Selma, Alabama), September 5, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Associated Press. “8 Charged in 9 Murders.” The Decatur Daily Review (Decatur, Illinois), October 16, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Associated Press. “Arab Terrorists Kill Two Israelis in Olympic Village; Hold 13 Hostages.” Gazette Telegraph (Colorado Springs, Colorado), September 5, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Associated Press. “Couple, Son Murdered.” Decatur Daily Review, September 5, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Associated Press. “Rock Music Fans Tired, Disillusioned.” Southern Illinoisan (Carbondale, Illinois), September 5, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Associated Press. “Swim Star Spitz Flies Home.” The Scranton Times (Scranton, Pennsylvania), September 5, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

“Biography.” Mark Spitz. Accessed March 22, 2023. https://www.markspitzusa.com/biography.

Doubek, James. “50 Years Ago, the Munich Olympics Massacre Changed How We Think about Terrorism.” NPR. NPR, September 4, 2022. https://www.npr.org/2022/09/04/1116641214/munich-olympics-massacre-hostage-terrorism-israel-germany.

“Erie Canal Soda Pop Festival.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, October 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erie_Canal_Soda_Pop_Festival.

Ioc. “Mark Spitz Biography, Olympic Medals, Records and Age.” Olympics.com. Accessed March 22, 2023. https://olympics.com/en/athletes/mark-spitz.

Jones, Josh. “The Horrors of Bull Island, ‘The Worst Music Festival of All Time’ (1972).” Open Culture. Accessed March 22, 2023.

“Mark Spitz.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, February 6, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Spitz.

“Munich Massacre .” Accessed March 22, 2023. https://www.history.com/topics/1970s/munich-massacre-olympics.

“The Nation: De Mau Mau.” Time. Time Inc., October 30, 1972. https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,906633,00.html.

Powers, Thomas. “Foreman's Aides Quizzed in Deaths.” Chicago Tribune (Chicago, Illinois), September 6, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

Snapp, Ray. “Soda Pop Festival 'Disorganized Debacle'.” Sunday Herald-Times (Bedford, Indiana), September 10, 1972. www.newspapers.com.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

For today's mini episode, and in honor of Women's History month, I'm going to tell you the story of Mary Ann Brown Patten. Never heard of her? Hold on tight, because the story of Mary Ann's adventure as a female sea captain is sure to become one of your new favorites.

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SOURCES

“Advertisement: L. A. Seligman (Page 3).” The Georgetown News (Georgetown, California), May 31, 1855.

“Death of Mrs. Mary Ann Patten.” The Sacramento Bee (Sacramento, California), April 10, 1861.

Fantasia, Brenda. “Mary Ann Brown Patten.” History of American Women, April 2, 2017.

“A Heroine of the Sea.” Volcano Weekly Ledger (Jackson, California), March 28, 1857.

 “Mary Ann Brown Patten.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, November 6, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Ann_Brown_Patten.

“Mary Patten: The First American Woman to Command a Ship.” Rejected Princesses. Accessed March 18,

Snyder, Chris Enright. “Joshua A. Patten Jr.” Find A Grave, 20 July 2011. www.findagrave.com.

SOUND SOURCES

Al Jolson. “I’ll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.