"Once bitten, Netherlands wants to move early on algorithm supervision

The Dutch government is set to be an early implementer of several crucial provisions of an upcoming EU legislation to regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) as part of an ambitious working agenda for digitalisation.

In the past y"

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"ears, the Netherlands was the setting of a large-scale scandal because of a flawed algorithm that led the tax authorities to falsely accuse thousands of fraud related to a childcare benefit scheme.

The Hague is now trying to spearhead the human rights vetting of algorithms and the creation of a national database to keep track of the AI systems used by public bodies, anticipating two aspects of the AI Act, flagship legislation to regulate AI applications based on their potential for harm.

“The AI Act should lead to explainable AI systems which respect human rights and lead to meaningful transparency that generates trust, which is, of course, a vital building block of a flourishing AI market and also important in a democracy,” Alexandra van Huffelen, the Dutch minister for digitalisation, told EURACTIV.

The working agenda adopted by the government also includes new initiatives to foster digital skills and a digital wallet.

Public register & supervision

A new supervisory body, starting on 1 January 2023, will enforce a set of new rules that essentially anticipate the EU’s upcoming rules regarding transparency obligations, compliance marking and the right to complain.

Similarly, next month, the Dutch government will introduce a mandatory algorithm register for AI used by public bodies, from the central administration to the local authorities. The idea is that citizens cannot enjoy the right to redress unless they know that an AI is being used.

In the original version of the AI Act, only providers of high-risk AI systems were obliged to register on an EU-wide database. However, following pressure from countries like the Netherlands, the obligation was also extended to public authorities who use an AI system.

One of the blueprints for the algorithm transparency register is the one from the City of Amsterdam, which was set up voluntarily by three different groups: the general population, civil servants, and technical experts.

“We need to work together with the companies. Otherwise, we cannot make our algorithms transparent. IT departments are definitively interested in opening up and having a dialogue,” a representative of the Municipality of Amsterdam told an event in the European Parliament last week.

Impact assessment

Moreover, public authorities will have to assess the algorithms’ impact on human rights before they are used.

For this purpose, the Dutch government developed an AI impact assessment for evaluating the human rights risks of the system, passing which the system will receive a conformity assessment mark.

“Evaluating AI is not just looking at the technology, it’s looking at the context where that technology is implemented. W

"Media Freedom Act falls short on spyware, says EU data watchdog

The European Media Freedom Act proposal is insufficient in protecting journalists from spyware and surveillance, the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) warned in an opinion that also calls for the regulation’s scope to be redef"

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"ined.

While welcoming the Media Freedom Act in principle, EDPS Wojciech Wiewiórowski expressed concern on Monday (14 November) that the Commission’s proposal, released in September, falls short regarding protecting media workers against the use of spyware.

Also in need of attention is the regulation’s scope which risks being too narrow, the EDPS noted, and how it handles data protection within the transparency measures it puts forward.

The opinion comes amidst growing outcry over the Pegasus spyware scandal, which last week led a leading lawmaker on the Parliamentary committee investigating the situation to warn that all member states play a role in its deployment.

Spyware systematically used by some EU governments, MEPs find

Spyware is being systematically used as a tool of control in some EU countries and a “profound rethink” of European governance is required to protect democracy, according to the lawmaker leading the Parliamentary committee tasked with investigating the Pegasus spyware scandal.

“I am concerned that the proposed measures envisaged to prevent the deployment of highly advanced military-grade spyware, such as ‘Pegasus’, ‘Predator’ or similar, are not sufficient to effectively protect the EU’s fundamental rights and freedoms, including media freedom,” Wiewiórowski said.

Spyware

Among the EDPS’ concerns are doubts about the effectiveness of the regulation regarding the provisions to protect journalists from the use of spyware.

The Commission’s proposal includes measures to block national authorities from using spyware against media service providers or anyone linked to them or subjecting them to surveillance to obtain information on their sources.

These prohibitions, however, are caveated with exceptions for situations of public interest, national security or serious crimes investigations.

Commission releases Media Freedom Act proposal, to mixed reactions

The Commission has released its proposal for a Media Freedom Act, to mixed reaction from civil society and media sector organisations.

According to the EDPS, the articles of the text that deal with the use of surveillance technologies “do not provide enough safeguards and lack legal clarity”.

To improve them, the watchdog recommends further clarification and definition of those situations in which the protections they offer to journalistic sources and communications would be lifted.

The Supervisor “remains convinced”, the opinion also says, “that the only viable and effective option to protect the fundamental rights and freedoms in the Union, including media freedom, against highly advanced military-grade spyware is a general ban on its development and de

"Electric vehicle shift alone will not solve urban transport woes, says Portuguese minister

A shift to collective transport is needed to reverse the dominance of cars in cities and reach our decarbonisation targets, Portugal’s infrastructure minister said on Monday (14 November), refuting the notion"

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" that electric vehicles will end Europe’s urban transport woes.

Minister Pedro Nuno Santos dismissed the argument that the rapid uptake of electric vehicles is a panacea for urban transport, asserting that EVs will not solve the fundamental problems of cars.

“If we simply replace all combustion cars with electric cars, we will end up with the same kind of congestion, the same huge amount of lost time in traffic, the same unsustainable levels of road accidents, and the same struggle for public space,” he said.

“The car overwhelmed city life and it is something that must change,” he added.

The minister’s remarks came at the Transport Research Arena conference in Lisbon, an EU-backed event gathering researchers, policymakers, and industry to discuss innovation and sustainability in the transport sector.

Nuno Santos also criticised the term “zero emission cars”, suggesting that electric cars are not as green as presented when measured on a lifecycle basis rather than solely by tailpipe emissions. Santos pointed to research indicating that electric cars may take up to 9 years to offset the CO2 emitted during production.

Indeed, prolonging the life of current-generation combustion engine vehicles may be greener than a rapid uptake of EVs, he said.

Referencing a report by Swedish car manufacturer Volvo on total emissions generated by the production of EVs, the minister mused whether it is “worthwhile to promote a quick replacement of existing vehicles with electric ones”.

“It is entirely possible that extending the life of existing vehicles for a few years has a bigger and quicker positive impact than accelerating the replacement with electric vehicles,” he said.

Asked by EURACTIV for clarification, Nuno Santos explained that while the switch to electric vehicles is essential, the uptake should be staggered to prevent an unsustainable rise in production emissions.

“Instead of in a short period to change all the cars to electric cars, because we will need a huge amount of production of new electric cars, maybe the best option would be to take more time to make a more progressive transition,” he told EURACTIV.

“I know it’s paradoxical, but we gain more by doing it more progressively than by doing it in too short a period,” he added.

The minister stressed that shifting people to active modes of transport, such as walking and cycling, and public transport, is “the most effective instrument for the decarbonisation of transport”.

EU lawmakers recently agreed to ban the sale of polluting cars and vans from 2035 across the bloc, essentially spelling the end for the internal combustion engine and heralding a mass shift to electric and hydrogen c

"Recycling key to future of battery manufacturing, say CEO and EU bank vice president

Following the financing of a new French innovation centre manufacturing electric vehicle batteries, EURACTIV France spoke about the opportunities and challenges for the sector with Ambroise Fayolle, vice president "

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"of the European Investment Bank (EIB), and Benoît Lemaignan, Verkor’s CEO and co-founder.

Read the original interview in French here.

The investment in French start-up Verkor’s innovation centre (VIC) is part of the European ambitions to develop a globally competitive batteries industry. The Union worked for this on the European Battery Alliance (EBA), an initiative launched in 2017 to secure the migration from fossil fuels to electric energy.

The EBA, which now encompasses more than 500 companies, is supported by the European Investment Bank (EIB), “the European bank for the climate,” according to the EIB’s Fayolle, who told EURACTIV France that batteries for electric vehicles are the “sector of the future”.

The EIB loaned €49 million to Verkor’s project, building on its catalogue of investments into other large-scale battery initiatives across Europe, including Northvolt in Sweden, to which the EIB granted a loan of €52.8 million in 2018.

“If these pilot projects meet the objectives, it will pave the way for larger financing,” Fayolle said.

Big ambitions

In the coming months, Verkor will start its first pilot production line for 150 MWh/year batteries at its VIC. The first integration of these batteries in vehicles is planned “as early as 2023”, according to Verkor’s CEO Lemaignan.

While the VIC will be located in Grenoble, the start-up is preparing the financing and design of a battery factory in Dunkirk, France, where construction is expected to start in the first quarter of 2023, allowing for the first production in 2024.

In the first year, 2 GWh/year of electric batteries will be manufactured and the target for 2027 is to achieve 16 GWh/year.

“That would be 200,000 or even 300,000 batteries, depending on the size of the batteries [from 50 to 90 kWh],” Lemaignan said.

Eventually, the start-up aims for a production capacity of 50 GWh/year.

Major investment needed

“In 2030, the demand for [battery] capacity in Europe will be of 1,000 GWh, or about 80 plants like the first unit (16 GWh/year) in Dunkirk,” said Lemaignan.

According to his calculations, the investment needed in the industry will be €120 to €130 billion over the next eight years. However, car manufacturers estimate that the income brought will be €60 billion per year, he added.

Under these conditions, “Europe has the means to become a leader in the battery industry,” Verkor’s co-founder explained.

EIB’s Fayolle added that following the war in Ukraine, “EU authorities want to accelerate the energy and ecological transition”, notably through the REPowerEU programme.

REPowerEU has committed to providing €210 billion of investment between now and 2027, “part of whic

"Reimagining Europe’s transport system

Europe’s transport sector is undergoing a period of profound change, with the climate crisis forcing a rethink of how Europeans get from A to B, both within cities and across borders.

In this event report, EURACTIV listens in to discussions among researchers, "

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"policymakers, and industry on how to create a mobility system fit for the future.

https://www.euractiv.com/section/transport/special_report/reimagining-europes-transport-system/?utm_source=piano&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=9715&pnespid=tuN8Az5DNacZ1PbBoyi5EJiVtRKoC5J8Mung2vBn9hdm_F6GrHhEr6SmaeMMaQswGSwDz_jmVQ

"

"Serbia is not yet ready for the Franco-German proposal

Regarding the Franco-German proposal for a Serbia-Kosovo solution, which includes the acceptance of Kosovo’s independence, we must take into account the notion of Serbian superiority which has been cultivated since the beginning of the 19th cen"

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"tury, writes Driton Tali.

Driton Tali was a member of the AKR Parliamentary Group in Kosovo’s Parliament at the time Kosovo declared independence in 2008 and was a political advisor for parliamentary Speaker Glauk Konjufca.

Serbia has been raising tensions in Kosovo’s northern municipalities for several days, most recently over the legal obligation of citizens of Kosovo to obtain vehicle plates with the RKS registration.

Many citizens of the Serbian community in the northern municipalities of Kosovo continue to hold registration plates of the former Yugoslavia under Serbia’s direction. Meanwhile, other citizens of the Serbian communities living in settlements all over Kosovo are using RKS registration plates with no issue.

This is the latest in a continued pattern of Serbia refusing to recognise Kosovo’s independence while trying to enforce its hegemony.

But it comes with increased radical views among Serbians in the nationalist media. They accuse and attack other nationalities, such as Croatians, Bosnians, and Montenegrins, not just Kosovo citizens. This rhetoric has even increased towards Macedonians and the Macedonian Orthodox Church.

This current situation is reminiscent of the late 1980s, when Slobodan Milosevic, with his propaganda apparatus, began the campaign against all non-Serbian people in the former Yugoslavia, resulting in the wars of the 90s.

Russia’s influence is also rife, and when combined with nationalism, we see a Serbian population that is 84% in favour of Putin’s Russia and 88% of them against NATO and the West.

The reality of these statistics is made clear when looking at the fact that there have also been mass protests in Belgrade and other Serbian cities in Putin’s support. Russian flags, banners with Putin’s face, and pro-Russian graffiti have become commonplace since the war started.

This can be considered a form of “hybrid warfare”, and there are concerns this is intensifying across the region.

There is also a strong feeling that Russia is trying to spread conflict in the Western Balkans, through Serbia, in the hope that it will relieve some of the international pressure it is currently facing. This also appears to have acted as a dog whistle for nationalist Serbs.

Today, Serbia is led by Alexander Vučić, who, worked as the Minister of Information in the Government of Milosevic, otherwise known as the “Hitler of the Balkans”, during the ethnic cleansing in Kosovo. He has since refused to recognise war crimes and even genocides carried out during regimes he is a part of.

You also have the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Ivica Dacic, known as “Little Sloba” in reference to Slobodan Milosevic, who was the lead

"In Samarkand, EU vies to keep Central Asia close as region walks tightrope between Russia and China

Long considered part of Russia’s sphere of influence, the war in Ukraine has increased reservations among Central Asian governments, leading them to look elsewhere for cooperation.

“The EU has a lot"

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END AD---"

" to offer to help you diversify your foreign policy options” and “support own regional integration efforts,” EU’s chief diplomat Josep Borrell told his Central Asian counterparts on Thursday (17 November) during talks in Uzbekistan’s southeastern city of Samarkand.

The talks, which were also meant to send a “signal of mutual interest to get rid of dependencies”, follow a flurry of EU high-level visits to the region.

“Having connections and options is good. But excessive dependencies and the absence of choice can come at a cost,” he told the EU-Central Asia Connectivity Conference the next day on Friday (18 November).

The latest visit in October has seen the EU and five Central Asian leaders reiterate their intention to strengthen overall cooperation, in a signal of discomfort over the repercussions Russia’s war in Ukraine has sent through the region.

In Kazakhstan, EU and Central Asian leaders tout closer cooperation

The EU and five Central Asian leaders on Thursday (27 October) reiterated their intention to strengthen overall cooperation, in a signal of discomfort over the repercussions Russia’s war in Ukraine has sent through the region.

Since the outbreak of war in Ukraine, Central Asia’s five former Soviet republics find themselves in a difficult position trying to balance their economic dependency on Russia and their strong support of territorial integrity.

Europeans have taken note that Central Asian states have not voted in favour of the UN resolutions related to Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine, preferring to abstain or not vote at all, in another sign they attempt to move away from Moscow’s influence.

Worries about Western sanctions and their potential impact on Central Asian economies have made them seek alternative options for their foreign policy and trade.

“We face a much more dangerous world, whether it is because of the Russian war in Ukraine or global challenges such as climate change, illegal trafficking, and organised crime“, Borrell said.

“The only solution against this danger is more cooperation – we need to cooperate more and better,” he added, listing security, trade and investment.

“We are committed to further developing a strong diversified and promising partnership based on shared values and mutual interest,” Norov told reporters, in his remarks notably not mentioning neither Russia or Ukraine in his remarks.

Central Asian countries have increasingly been standing up to Moscow, aware of their new-found leverage as Russia looks to their markets and trade routes in a bid to circumvent Western sanctions.

Earlier this week, Borrell had travelled to Samarkand from Astana, where he made his first

"Czech executive, legislative leaders split over V4 Hungary boycott

The Capitals brings you the latest news from across Europe, through on-the-ground reporting by EURACTIV’s media network. You can subscribe to the newsletter here.

The European news you deserve to read. Welcome to The Capitals by EU"

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"RACTIV.

Today’s edition is powered by AWS

AWS and comprehensive data protection in the cloud

How do organisations successfully navigate compliance within Europe? What are the cross-border data transfer requirements?

AWS experts Esther Stringham (AWS Legal) and Hans Bos (AWS) Security Assurance) dive deeper into both topics.

Watch the webinars >>

In today’s news from the Capitals:

While leaders of both chambers of the Czech parliament decided to boycott an upcoming meeting with their Visegrád 4 counterparts over Hungary’s Russia policy, Czech Prime Minister Petr Fiala is going ahead with the summit of government chiefs of the embattled regional grouping. Read more.

///

EU INSTITUTIONS

EU heavyweight countries’ last-minute push for ex-ante checks on online marketplaces. A blocking minority of member states want to mandate online marketplaces to carry out random checks before products are launched, according to a non-paper dated 11 November and obtained by EURACTIV. Read more.

MEPs urge EU response over Algeria’s military ties to Moscow. A group of 17 MEPs urged European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen to re-open the EU’s association agreement with Algeria in a letter which expresses ‘deep concern’ at the North African country’s close political and economic ties to Russia. Read more.

///

BRUSSELS

Flanders points finger at federal government over Belgian refugee crisis. The federal government is responsible for the country’s struggle to provide accommodation to asylum seekers, Flemish Housing Minister Matthias Diependaele said on Thursday. Read more.

///

BERLIN

German experts do not recommend COVID-19 jab for small children. The government’s standing vaccine committee has decided not to recommend vaccinating small children against COVID-19, instead recommending it only for those with certain pre-existing conditions. Read more.

///

PARIS

Macron against Fifa World Cup boycott. We must not politicise sports, said French President Emmanuel Macron, who will travel to Qatar to support the French team if it reaches the semi-final, the Elysée said earlier this week. Read more.

///

VIENNA

Climate activists occupy lecture halls in multiple Austrian cities. Student activists have occupied university lecture halls in Vienna, Salzburg, and Innsbruck amid rising discontent with the government’s handling of the climate crisis, the education system, and social injustice. Read more.

///

THE HAGUE

Dutch authorities expect follow-up investigation into MH17. Police and the Public Prosecution Service expect they will soon have more information on a potential follow-up investigation into the downing of flight MH17. Read more.

NORDICS AND B

"COP27: EU makes ‘final offer’ on climate disaster compensation fund

The European Union signalled its willingness to establish a new fund to compensate for natural disasters caused by climate change but insisted that China contributes and that funding be tied to more ambitious climate goals, with a "

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"commitment to peak emissions by 2025.

The loss and damage issue has dominated this year’s COP27 summit, with more than 130 developing countries demanding that the meeting deliver a deal on a new fund to help them cope with the irreparable damage of floods, drought and other climate-fuelled impacts.

“What we would propose is to establish a loss and damage response fund for the most vulnerable countries,” EU climate policy chief Frans Timmermans told attendees on Thursday evening (17 November).

The United States and EU had previously resisted the idea, fearing it could open the door to unlimited legal liabilities that would translate into hundreds of billions in reparations.

The pair had earlier proposed a “mosaic of solutions” to address the issue of loss and damage, saying it would be quicker to mobilise existing money rather than to create a new fund.

But in the face of insistence from developing countries, Timmermans said the EU was now ready to make a step forward.

“We can live with a fund, but under two very important conditions: the fund should be targeted to the most vulnerable, and it should also have a broad funding base” so that major countries like China contribute as well.

The EU has presented a proposal that could see #COP27 agree to a #lossanddamage fund – targeted to the most vulnerable, reflecting the financial realities of 2022. It must go hand-in-hand with higher ambition on emissions reductions.

Here’s what I told the press this morning 👇 pic.twitter.com/PanBfwg8zh

— Frans Timmermans (@TimmermansEU) November 18, 2022

Conditions attached

China, as part of the G77 group of countries, proposed establishing the loss and damage fund under Article 11 of the UNFCCC, which was written in the 1990s.

“There we have a disagreement,” the EU climate chief said, adding that the funding base should reflect the economic situation of countries “in 2022 and not in 1992”.

He also insisted that the new fund be tied to “serious commitments” on emissions reduction, warning that “no amount of money on this planet” will be enough to address the issue of loss and damage unless efforts are made to cut emissions.

“Mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage all go together. So we will insist on this,” Timmermans added, saying the fund is “part of a package” that includes updating official climate pledges submitted to the UN, the so-called Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

“In other words, NDCs need to be updated, we need to report yearly about where we are, we need to have an agreement that by 2025 we will peak our emissions, etc.”

The reference to 2025 appears directed at China. In its NDC, Beijing pledged to peak CO2 emission

"Punjab: Patiala district admin suspends 274 arm licenses

he Patiala district administration has suspended 274 arms licenses after the Punjab government ordered a review of arms licenses within the next three months and banned public display of firearms and songs allegedly promoting gun culture.

Pa"

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"tiala Deputy Commissioner Sakshi Sawhney on Saturday said the action was taken for having more than two weapons per license. Show cause notices have also been issued, asking the holders of arms licenses why these should not be cancelled, she said.

Two weapons are allowed on one arms license.

She further said the district magistrate office has also shared a list of around 30,000 arms licenses with the police department for verification of any criminal misconduct.

The Punjab government on November 13 banned the public display of firearms, including on social media, and songs allegedly promoting gun culture and violence, as it tightened regulations after facing flak from the Opposition over the law and order situation.

The state government also directed a review of arms licences within the next three months, with no new licence to be issued during the period, and surprise checks, according to an official order.

A complete ban should be imposed on carrying and displaying weapons at public gatherings, religious places, wedding ceremonies and other events, the order said.

Directions were also issued for registration of an FIR against those indulging in hate speech against any community, the order said.

The Bhagwant Mann government has been under fire from opposition parties -- the Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal and BJP -- for the alleged deteriorating law and order situation after a string of sensational killings.

(This story has not been edited by Devdiscourse staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)

https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/law-order/2257477-punjab-patiala-district-admin-suspends-274-arm-licenses

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