The Two Humans put on their space helmets and probe humankind’s one-hundred-year-old obsession with space aliens. 

Episode 88 – So…How Was Your Trip? UFOs and Making Small Talk with Space Aliens

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

Website: http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG: @introtoanthrowith2humans

Patreon: https://patreon.com/AnIntrotoAnthrowithTwoHumans

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=13619501

Resources:

Albright, Thomas D.

2023 On Eyewitness Reports of Extraterrestrial Life. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 241-256.

Al-Khalili, Jim

2016 Introduction: Where Is Everybody? Aliens: The World’s Leading Scientists on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life (ed. Jim Al-Khalili). Picador, New York, NY, pp. 1-10. 

Bader, Christopher D. 

2003 Supernatural Support Groups: Who Are the UFO Abductees and Ritual-Abuse Survivors? Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, Dec., 2003, Vol. 42, No. 4 (Dec., 2003), pp. 669-67.

Becket, Stefan

2023 What are UAPs, and why do UFOs have a new name?. CBS News, September 14, 2023, www.cbsnews.com/news/what-are-uaps-unexplained-aerial-phenomenon-ufos-new-name/.

Bialik, Carl and Taylor Orth

2025 Half of Americans believe aliens have visited Earth. YouGov (website), November 25, 2025, yougov.com/en-us/articles/53486-half-of-americans-believe-aliens-have-visited-earth.

Bullard, Thomas E.

1989 UFO Abduction Reports: The Supernatural Kidnap Narrative Returns in Technological Guise. The Journal of American Folklore , Apr. - Jun., 1989, Vol. 102, No. 404 (Apr. - Jun., 1989), pp. 147-170.

Bynum, Joyce

1993 Kidnapped by an Alien: Tales of UFO Abductions. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, Spring 1993, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Spring 1993), pp. 86-95.

Campbell, Dallas

2016 Flying Saucers: A Brief History of Sightings and Conspiracies. Aliens: The World’s Leading Scientists on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life (ed. Jim Al-Khalili). Picador, New York, NY, pp. 35-46.

Cleveland Clinic

2023 Highway Hypnosis Is Just Around the Bend. The Cleveland Clinic (website), June 9, 2023, health.clevelandclinic.org/highway-hypnosis. 

Consolmagno, Guy and Paul Mueller

2014 Would You Baptize an Extraterrestrial?...And Other Questions from the Astronomers’ In-Box at the Vatican Observatory. Image, New York, NY. 

Csicsery-Ronay, Jr., Istvan

2007 Some Things We Know about Aliens. The Yearbook of English Studies, 2007, Vol. 37, No. 2, Science Fiction (2007), pp. 1-23.

Dartnell, Lewis

2016 (Un)welcome Visitors: Why Aliens Might Visit Us. Aliens: The World’s Leading Scientists on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life (ed. Jim Al-Khalili). Picador, New York, NY, pp. 25-34.

Dean, Jodi

1998 Aliens in America: Conspiracy Cultures from Outerspace to Cyberspace. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. 

De Pinto, Jennifer, Anthony Salvanto, and Fred Backus

2026 CBS News poll finds most Americans believe extraterrestrial life exists – and some think it's already here. CBS News, June 11, 2026, www.cbsnews.com/news/americans-believe-extraterrestrial-life-exists-opinion-poll/.

Dewan, William J. 

2006 "A Saucerful of Secrets": An Interdisciplinary Analysis of UFO Experiences. The Journal of American Folklore, Spring, 2006, Vol. 119, No. 472 (Spring, 2006), pp. 184-202.

Dick, Steven J.

1998 Life on Other Worlds: The 20th-Century Extraterrestrial Life Debate. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 

French, Christopher C.

2016 Abducted: The Psychology of Close Encounters with Extraterrestrials. Aliens: The World’s Leading Scientists on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life (ed. Jim Al-Khalili). Picador, New York, NY, pp. 58-69.

2023 Hypnotic Regression and False Memories. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 283-294.

Gregersen, Erik

2026 Fermi Paradox. Britannica, July 22, 2026, www.britannica.com/ science/Fermi-paradox.

Gutierrez, Lisa

2026 Fictionalized Kansas City at heart of Spielberg’s new ET movie, ‘Disclosure Day.’ The Kansas City Star, June 10, 2026, www.kansascity.com/news/local/ article316047404.html.

Henderson, Amy

2026 Orson Welles and the 70th Anniversary of War of the Worlds. Face to Face (blog), The National Portrait Gallery (website), npg.si.edu/blog/orson-welles-and-70th-anniversary-war-worlds, (accessed August 3, 2026). 

Hilditch, Cameron

2021 UFOs Don’t Cancel Out Christianity. National Review, May 30, 2021, staging.nationalreview.com/2021/05/ufos-dont-cancel-out-christianity/?utm_source=recirc-mobile&utm_medium=article&utm_ campaign=river&utm_content=next-article&utm_term=first.

Huston, Peter

2023 Meeting the Abductees: Betty Hill, Richard Price & Others. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 61-76.

Lewis, Briley

2025 How many planets are in the universe? Live Science, April 28, 2025, www.livescience.com/space/how-many-planets-are-in-the-universewww.jpl.nasa.gov/news/billions-and-billions-of-planets/.

Lewis-Kraus, Gideon

2021 The U.F.O. Papers. The New Yorker, May 10, 2021.

Lohn, Kate

2026 The Fermi Paradox: Where Are All the Aliens? Britannica (website), www.britannica.com/story/the-fermi-paradox-where-are-all-the-aliens, (accessed July 29, 2026).

Luckhurst, Roger 

1998 The Science-Fictionalization of Trauma: Remarks on Narratives of Alien Abduction. Science Fiction Studies , Mar., 1998, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar., 1998), pp. 29-52.

Markham, Devan

2025 UFO vs. UAP: What’s the difference? NewsNation, September 9, 2025, www.cbsnews.com/news/what-are-uaps-unexplained-aerial-phenomenon-ufos-new-name.

McNally, Richard J., Natasha B. Lasko, Susan Clancy, Michael L. Macklin, et al.

2004 Psychophysiological Responding during Script-Driven Imagery in People Reporting Abduction by Space Aliens. Psychological Science, Jul., 2004, Vol. 15, No. 7 (Jul., 2004), pp. 493-497.

Memmot, Mark

2013 75 Years Ago, 'War Of The Worlds' Started A Panic. Or Did It? NPR, October 30, 2013, www.npr.org/sections/ thetwo-way/2013/10/30/241797346/75-years-ago-war-of-the-worlds-started-a-panic-or-did-it.

NASA

2026 Age & Size of the Universe Through the Years. NASA’s Cosmic Times (website), imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/educators/programs/cosmictimes/ educators/guide/age_size.html, (accessed August 2, 2026).

2026 Star Basics. NASA (website), science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/, (accessed July 26, 2026).

2026 Then vs. Now: The Age of the Universe. NASA’s Imagine the Universe (website), imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/featured_science/tenyear/ age.html (accessed August 2, 2026).

NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

2013 Billions and Billions of Planets. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (website), January 3, 2013, www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/billions-and-billions-of-planets/.

Planet Comics

1947 Planet Comics: Auro, Lord of Jupiter in “The Mecho Men from Mars” also Mysta of the Moon Lost World – Futura and Many Others, Number 46, January 1947. Love Romances Pub. Co., Inc., New York, NY.

Pooley, Jefferson and Michael J. Socolow

2013 The Myth of the War of the Worlds Panic. Slate, October 28, 2013, slate.com/culture/2013/10/orson-welles-war-of-the-worlds-panic-myth-the-infamous-radio-broadcast-did-not-cause-a-nationwide-hysteria.html.

Psychology Today

2025 Dissociation. Psychology Today, November 26, 2025, www. psychologytoday.com/us/basics/dissociation.

Rees, Martin

2016 Aliens and US: Could Post-humans Spread through the Galaxy? Aliens: The World’s Leading Scientists on the Search for Extraterrestrial Life (ed. Jim Al-Khalili). Picador, New York, NY, pp. 11-21.

Schick, Jr., Theodore and Lewis Vaughn

2014 How to Think about Weird Things: Critical Thinking for a New Age (7th Edition). McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 

Schwartz, A. Brad

2015 The Infamous “War of the Worlds” Radio Broadcast Was a Magnificent Fluke. Smithsonian Magazine, May 6, 2015, www.smithsonianmag.com/ history/infamous-war-worlds-radio-broadcast-was-magnificent-fluke-180955180.

SETI

2026 The Fermi Paradox. SETI.org (website), www.seti.org/research/seti-101/fermi-paradox/, (accessed August 2, 2026).

Sharps, Matthew J.

2023 Forensic Cognitive Science and the UFO Phenomenon. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 368-384.

2024 The Forensic View: Investigative Psychology, Law Enforcement, Space Aliens, Exploration, and the Nature of Madness. Matthew J. Sharps, Coppell, TX.

Summer, Jay Vera

2025 Hypnopompic Hallucinations. Sleep Foundation, July 10, 2025, www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/hypnopompic-hallucinations. 

Teti, Matthew

2026 UFOs, Manifest Destiny, and the Climate Crisis: The Case for Space and Its Discontent. Unserious Ecocriticism: Humor, Play & Environmental Destruction in Art & Visual Culture (ed. Jessica Landau and Maria Lu). Amherst College Press, Amherst, MA, pp. 207-224.

Thompson, Keith

1991 Angels and Aliens: UFOs and the Mythic Imagination. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, MA. 

Tyson, Neil deGrasse 

2026 Take Me to Your Leader: Perspectives on Your First Alien Encounter.  Simon Six, New York, NY.

Watson, Nigel

2023 On the Credibility of the Barney & Betty Hill Abduction Case. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 220-228.

White, Luise

2023 Aliens Are Good to Talk With. The Reliability of UFO Witness Testimony (ed. V. J. Ballester-Olmos and Richard W. Heiden). Cooperativa Iniziative e Studi UPIAR, Turin, Italy, pp. 524-527.

Wolchover, Natalie

2012 The Surprising Origin of Alien Abduction Stories. NBC News, May 7, 2012, www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna47328006.

The Two Humans take a good, hard look in the mirror and decide they need cosmetic surgery. 

Episode 87 -- Tall, Dark, and Handsome (with a Little More Hair on Top)

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

Website: http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG: @introtoanthrowith2humans

Patreon: https://patreon.com/AnIntrotoAnthrowithTwoHumans

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=13619501

Resources:

Akter, Farhana and Greg Williams

2016 The Evolution of Hair Transplant Surgery. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ed. Deepak M. Kalaskar, Peter E. Butler and Shadi Ghali). UCL Press, London, UK, pp. 431-446.

Arnett, George

2014 Germany: the world's capital of penis enlargement. The Guardian, July 31, 2014, www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2014/jul/31/germany-the-worlds-capital-of-penis-enlargment-country.

Blair, Lorrie and Maya Shalmon

2005 Cosmetic Surgery and the Cultural Construction of Beauty. Art Education, May 2005, Vol. 58, No. 3 (May, 2005), pp. 14-18.

Britannica Editors

2026 Body Modifications and Mutilations. Britannica.com, www.britannica.com/ science/body-modifications-and-mutilations, (accessed June 11, 2026).

Bukumal, Zain and Ash Mosahebi

2016 Body Contouring. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ed. Deepak M. Kalaskar, Peter E. Butler and Shadi Ghali). UCL Press, London, UK, pp. 409-430.

Chen, Yuan, Yinuo Jiang, Xiao Li, Bin Wang, et al.

2025 Penile enhancement: A comprehensive and current perspective. Current Urology, March 28, 2025, 19(3), pp. 145–156.

Cleveland Clinic

2023 Foreskin Restoration. The Cleveland Clinic (website), July 18, 2023, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/25139-foreskin-restoration.

Deslandes, Paul R.

2021 The Culture of Male Beauty in Britain. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.

Drury, Colin

2018 ‘I wanted a truncheon in my pants’: the rise of the penis extension. The Guardian, September 22, 2018, www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/ sep/22/penis-extension-wanted-truncheon-in-pants-rise.

Duguid, Michelle M. and Jack A. Goncalo

2012 Living Large: The Powerful Overestimate Their Own Height. Psychological Science, January 2012, Vol. 23, No. 1 (January 2012), pp. 36-40.

Gangestad, Steven W. and Glenn J. Scheyd

2005 The Evolution of Human Physical Attractiveness. Annual Review of Anthropology, 2005, Vol. 34 (2005), pp. 523-548.

Gilman, Sander L.

1999 Making the Body Beautiful: A Cultural History of Aesthetic Surgery. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 

Honigman, Roberta J., Katharine A. Phillips, and David J. Castle

2004 A Review of Psychological Outcomes for Patients Seeking Cosmetic Surgery. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, April 1, 2004, 113(4), pp. 1229-1237.

Kanapathy, Muholan and Niall Kirkpatrick

2016 Facial Aesthetic Surgery. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ed. Deepak M. Kalaskar, Peter E. Butler and Shadi Ghali). UCL Press, London, UK, pp. 346-373.

Korhonen, Anu

2010 Strange Things Out of Hair: Baldness and Masculinity in Early Modern England. The Sixteenth Century Journal, Summer 2010, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 371-391.

Kottak, Conrad Phillip

2011 Cultural Anthropology: Appreciating Cultural Diversity (Fourteenth Edition), McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Lee, Bruce Y.

2026 ‘Bone Smashing’ TikTok Trend, Here Are Dangers Of Hammering Your Face. Minded by Science, March 1, 2026, bruceylee.substack.com/p/bone-smashing-tiktok-trend-here-are.

2026 What Is Mogging? Psychology Today, March 5, 2026, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/a-funny-bone-to-pick/202603/what-is-mogging.

Leung, Billy Ching, Kimberly Lau, and Hugo Henderson

2016 Blepharoplasty – Special Focus on Asian Blepharoplasty. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ed. Deepak M. Kalaskar, Peter E. Butler and Shadi Ghali). UCL Press, London, UK, pp. 374-386.

Lincoln, Margarette

2024 Perfection: 400 Years of Women’s Quest for Beauty. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

Mangweth, B., H.G. Pope, G. Kemmler, C. Einbichler, et al.

2001 Body Image and Psychopathology in Male Bodybuilders. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Vol. 70, No. 1 (2001), pp. 38-43.

Michaelson, Ruth

2025 ‘Being short is a curse’: the men paying thousands to get their legs broken – and lengthened. The Guardian, August 17, 2025, www.theguardian.com/ lifeandstyle/2025/aug/17/being-short-is-a-curse-the-men-paying-thousands-to-get-their-legs-broken-and-lengthened.

Murugesan, Log, Julia Ruston, and Patrick Mallucci

2016 Aesthetic Breast Surgery. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ed. Deepak M. Kalaskar, Peter E. Butler and Shadi Ghali). UCL Press, London, UK, pp. 387-408

Pandolfi, Mariella

1999 Body. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, June 1999, Vol. 9, No. 1/2 (June 1999), pp. 16-19.

Pappas, Dale

2026 Was Napoleon Short? Here’s the Truth About His Height. The Collector, April 4, 2026, www.thecollector.com/how-tall-was-napoleon/.

Perito Clinic

2026 The History of Penis Enlargement: From Prehistoric Times to Today. PeritoClinic.com (website), peritoclinic.com/the-history-of-penis-enlargement-from-prehistoric-times-to-today/ (accessed June 14, 2026).

Reischer, Erica and Kathryn S. Koo

2004 The Body Beautiful: Symbolism and Agency in the Social World. Annual Review of Anthropology, 2004, Vol. 33 (2004), pp. 297-317.

Rhode, Deborah L. 

2009 The Injustice of Appearance. Stanford Law Review, Mar., 2009, Vol. 61, No. 5 (Mar., 2009), pp. 1033-1101.

Ricciardelli, Rosemary and Kimberley Clow

2009 Men, Appearance, and Cosmetic Surgery: The Role of Self-esteem and Comfort with the Body. The Canadian Journal of Sociology/Cahiers canadiens de sociologie, Vol. 34, No. 1 (2009), pp. 105-134.

Rothfeld, Becca

2026 The Captivating Derangement of the Looksmaxxing Movement. The New Yorker, March 7, 2026, www.newyorker.com/culture/critics-notebook/the-captivating-derangement-of-the-looksmaxxing-movement.

Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA)

2026 What Is the Average Penis Size?. Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA) (website), www.smsna.org/patients/did-you-know/what-is-the-average-penis-size (accessed June 14, 2026). 

Snaith, Philip

1992 Body Image Disorders. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 1992, Vol. 58, No. 3/4 (1992), pp. 119-124.

Sokolow, Jayme A.

2017 Size Matters: A History of Height in America. Academica Press: Washington, DC. 

Sosnick, Charlie

2026 What is Bonesmashing? Inside the Extreme Looksmaxxer Technique. GQ, February 24, 2026, www.gq.com/story/what-is-bonesmashing-looksmaxxing-technique.

Sullivan, Deborah A.

2001 Cosmetic Surgery: The Cutting Edge of Commercial Medicine in America.  Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ.

Thornhill, Randy and Steven W. Gangestad

1999 Facial Attractiveness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 12, December 1999, pp. 452-460.

Tomkins, Isaaq

2026 You can’t control everything’: the rise in plastic surgeons asked to create ‘AI face.’ The Guardian, May 23, 2026, www.theguardian.com/technology/ 2026/ may/23/rise-in-plastic-surgeons-asked-to-create-ai-face-cosmetic-surgery.

Wang, Marina

2026 How 5 Ancient Cultures Literally Reshaped the Human Skull. History.com, March 6, 2026, www.history.com/articles/ancient-skull-cranial-modification.

Wegenstein, Bernadette

2012 The Cosmetic Gaze: Body Modification and the Construction of Beauty. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.  

World Population Review

2026 Average Height by State 2026. World Population Review (website), worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/average-height-by-state, (accessed June 21, 2026).

The Two Humans are joined by comedian, actor, and art lover Chris Hogan as they discuss sticky fingers in art museums and why it’s so hard to recover stolen artworks.

Episode 86 – How Much Is That Degas in the Window? The One with the Spurious Tale.

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

Website: http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG: @introtoanthrowith2humans

Patreon: https://patreon.com/AnIntrotoAnthrowithTwoHumans

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=13619501

Resources:

Aikman, Ian and Rachel Hagen

2025 Everything We Know about the Louvre Jewelry Heist. BBC, October 20, 2025, www.bbc.com/news/articles/cg7nrlkg0zxo.

Alford, Kenneth D. 

2000 Nazi Plunder: Great Treasure Stories of World War II. Da Capo Press, Cambridge, MA.

Artbusiness.com

2026 Art Provenance: What It Is and How to Verify It. Artbusiness.com (website), www.artbusiness.com/provwarn.html (accessed March 22, 2026). 

Barelli, John and Zachary Schisgal

2019 Stealing the Show: A History of Art and Crime in Six Thefts. Lyons Press, Guilford, CT.

Borodkin, Lisa J. 

1995 The Economics of Antiquities Looting and a Proposed Legal Alternative. Columbia Law Review, Mar., 1995, Vol. 95, No. 2 (Mar., 1995), pp. 377-417. 

Brower II, Charles H. 

2005 Republic of Austria v. Altmann. The American Journal of International Law, Jan., 2005, Vol. 99, No. 1 (Jan., 2005), pp. 236-242.

Charney, Noah

2018 The Museum of Lost Art. Phaedon Press Limited, London, UK.

2024 The Thefts of the Mona Lisa: The Complete Story of the World’s Most Famous Artwork. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD.

Collins, Donald E. and Herbert P. Rothfeder

1983 The Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg and the Looting of Jewish and Masonic Libraries during World War II. The Journal of Library History (1974-1987), Winter, 1983, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Winter, 1983), pp. 21-36.

Davies, Caroline

2025 Two men jailed over theft of £4.75m gold toilet from Blenheim Palace. The Guardian, June 13, 2025, www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/jun/13/two-men-jailed-over-theft-of-gold-toilet-from-blenheim-palace.

DeMott, Deborah A.

2012 Artful Good Faith: An Essay on Law, Custom, and Intermediaries in Art Markets. Duke Law Journal, December 2012, Vol. 62, No. 3, Special Symposium Issue Custom and Law (December 2012), pp. 607-643.

Evans, Laura

2024 The Atlas of Art Crime: Thefts, Vandalism, and Forgeries. Prestel, Munich, Germany.

Evans, Richard J. 

2011 Art in the Time of War. The National Interest, May/June 2011, No. 113 (May/June 2011), pp. 16-26.

Gaudenzi, Bianca and Astrid Swenson

2017 Looted Art and Restitution in the Twentieth Century—Towards a Global Perspective. Journal of Contemporary History, July 2017, Vol. 52, No. 3 (July 2017), pp. 491-518. 

Gerstenblith, Patty

2008 Art, Cultural Heritage, and the Law (Second Edition). Carolina Academic Press, Durham, NC. 

Gerstenblith, Patty and Lucille Roussin

2007 International Cultural Property. The International Lawyer, SUMMER 2007, Vol. 41, No. 2, International Legal Developments in Review: 2006 (SUMMER 2007), pp. 613-628.

Givens, Seth A.

2014 Liberating the Germans: The US Army and Looting in Germany during the Second World War. War in History, January 2014, Vol. 21, No. 1 (January 2014), pp. 33-54. 

Hendricks, Ashley Domingo

2022 Our Obsession with Art Heists. JSTOR Daily, August 19, 2022, daily.jstor.org/our-obsession-with-art-heists/.

Henley, Jon

2025 Prosecutor has ‘small hope’ of recovering Louvre jewels thanks to gear left by thieves. The Guardian, October 24, 2025, www.theguardian.com/world/ 2025/oct/24/louvre-jewels-recovery-dna-fingerprints.

2025 Four More People Arrested in Connection with Louvre Heist. The Guardian, November 25, 2025, www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/25/more-people-arrested-louvre-heist.

Houpt, Simon

2006 Museum of the Missing: A History of Art Theft. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York, NY.

Interpol

2025 Louvre Museum theft: Stolen jewels added to INTERPOL's Stolen Works of Art database. Interpol (website), October 21, 2025, www.interpol.int/en/ News-and-Events/News/2025/Louvre-Museum-theft-Stolen-jewels-added-to-INTERPOL-s-Stolen-Works-of-Art-database.

2026 Our Analysis Reports. Interpol (website), www.interpol.int/How-we-work/Criminal-intelligence-analysis/Our-analysis-reports, accessed May, 4, 2026.

Jenkins, Tiffany

2018 From Objects of Enlightenment to Objects of Apology: Why You Can’t Make Amends for the Past by Plundering the Present. Dethroning Historical Reputations: Universities, Museums, and the Commemoration of Benefactors (ed. Jill Pellew and Lawrence Goldman), University of London Press, London, UK.

Jones, Jonathan

2016 Dashing rogues? No, art thieves are boring goons. The Guardian, April 7, 2016, www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/ jonathanjonesblog /2016/ apr/07/art-theft-market-follows-the-money-edvard-munch-stolen-picture.

Kakar, Arun

2026 The global art market rebounded to $59.6 billion in 2025, Art Basel and UBS Report finds. Artsy, March 11, 2026, www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-global-art-market-rebounded-596-billion-2025-art-basel-ubs-report-finds.

King, Thomas F. 

2008 Cultural Resource Laws & Practice (Third Edition). Altamira Press, Lanham, MD. 

Kuta, Sarah

2024 That Viral Banana Duct-Taped to a Wall? It Just Sold for $6.2 Million. Smithsonian Magazine, November 21, 2024, www.smithsonianmag.com/ smart-news/that-viral-banana-duct-taped-to-a-wall-it-just-sold-for-6-2-million-180985523/.

Leath, Mason

2025 Solid gold toilet named 'America' sells at auction for $12M. ABC News, November 19, 2025, abcnews.com/US/solid-gold-toilet-named-america-sells-auction-12m/story?id=127669474.

Merryman, John Henry

1985 Thinking about the Elgin Marbles. Michigan Law Review, Vol. 83, No. 8 (Aug., 1985), pp. 1980-1923.

Miles, Margaret M.

2008 Art as Plunder: The Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural Property. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 

National Gallery of Canada

2026 Provenance. National Gallery of Canada (website), www.gallery.ca/research/provenance (accessed March 22, 2026).

New York Times

1976 Picasso Theft Valued at $4.5 Million. The New York Times, February 2, 1976, https://www.nytimes.com/1976/02/02/archives/picasso-theft-valued-at-45-million.html.

O’Connor, Anne-Marie

2012 The Lady in Gold: The Extraordinary Tale of Gustav Klimt’s Masterpiece Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer. Vintage Books, New York, NY.  

Oltermann, Philip

2013 The mysterious Munich recluse who hoarded €1bn of Nazis' stolen art. The Guardian, November 4, 2013, www.theguardian.com/world/2013/ nov/04/ nazi-art-hoard-munich-recluse-cornelius-gurlitt.

Paumgarten, Nick

2006 The $40-Million Elbow. The New Yorker, October 16, 2006, www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/10/23/the-40-million-elbow.

Petropoulos, Jonathan

2021 Goring’s Man in Paris. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.  

Restrepo, Manuela Lopez

2025 UK court finds men who stole $6 million gold toilet guilty. NPR, March 20, 2025, www.npr.org/2025/03/20/g-s1-54909/golden-toilet-stolen-cattelan-6-million-convicted.

Reyhan, Patricia Youngblood

2001 A Chaotic Palette: Conflict of Laws in Litigation between Original Owners and Good-Faith Purchasers of Stolen Art. Duke Law Journal, Feb., 2001, Vol. 50, No. 4 (Feb., 2001), pp. 955-1043.

Roodt, Christa

2013 Restitution of Art and Cultural Objects and Its Limits. The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, November 2013, Vol. 46, No. 3 (November 2013), pp. 286-307.

Schapiro, Rich and Ani Ucar

2026 A $58,000 sofa? Inside the mind-boggling crime spree of L.A.'s 'most tasteful' burglar. NBC News, April 3, 2026, www.nbcnews.com/ investigations/58000-sofa-mind-boggling-crime-spree-ls-tasteful-burglar-rcna254532. 

Shoumatoff, Alex

2014 The Devil and the Art Dealer. Vanity Fair, March 19, 2014, www.vanityfair.com/news/2014/04/degenerate-art-cornelius-gurlitt-munich-apartment.

Spencer, Ronald D. and Gary D. Sesser

2013 Provenance: Important, Yes, But Often Incomplete and Often Enough, Wrong. Artnet, June 26, 2013, news.artnet.com/market/the-importance-of-provenance-in-determining-authenticity-29953.

UNESCO

2023 The illicit trafficking of cultural goods shall be recognized as a security issue. UNESCO (website), November 23, 2023, www.unesco.org/en/articles/ illicit-trafficking-cultural-goods-shall-be-recognized-security-issue.

Willingham, Leah

2026 Inside the world’s largest art heist when over $500M of paintings were stolen from a Boston museum. APNnews.com. April 26, 2026, apnews.com/article/isabella-stewart-gardner-museum-art-heist-boston-512da0322ce5c93c1bbafc7a5e228b2c.

Oh la la!! The Two Humans travel back to their own adolescence to investigate why people become obsessed with certain activities.

Episode 85: Is That a Baguette in Your Pocket or Are You Just a Happy Francophile?

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

Website: http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG: @introtoanthrowith2humans

Patreon: https://patreon.com/AnIntrotoAnthrowithTwoHumans

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=13619501

Resources:

American Psychological Association 

2002   Developing Adolescents: A Reference for Professionals. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.

Amodeo, John

2018   Would You Like to Be More Interesting: Keys to Richer Connections. Psychology Today, June 4, 2018, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/intimacy-a-path-toward-spirituality/201806/would-you-like-to-become-more-interesting.

Aristides

1997   Life and Letters: Anglophilia, American Style. The American Scholar, Summer 1997, Vol. 66, No. 3 (Summer 1997), pp. 327-334. 

Basford, Steve

2024   Breaking Away: A Retrospective. Proving Press, Newark, OH.

Bauerlein, Monika

2015   Last of the Munichans. Mother Jones, July/August 2015, www.motherjones.com/ media/2015/07/europeans-dressed-as-native-americans-photos.

Brown, Laurence

2013   Lost in the Pond: Why Are There So Many American Anglophile? Anglotopia, October 14, 2013, anglotopia.net/anglophilia/lost-in-the-pond-why-are-there-so-many-american-anglophiles/.

Bucar, Liz

2022   Stealing My Religion: Not Just Any Cultural Appropriation. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Burton, Antoinette

2003   When Was Britain? Nostalgia for the Nation at the End of the “American Century.” The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 75, No. 2 (June 2003), pp. 359-374.

Coffey, Simon

2010   Stories of Frenchness: Becoming a Francophile. Language and Intercultural Communication, Vol. 10, No. 2, May 2010, pp. 119-136.

Copeland, Libby

2021   Why Are We All So Obsessed with Genealogy. Literary Hub, June 11, 2021, lithub.com/we-are-we-all-so-obsessed-with-genealogy/.

Deloria, Philip J.

1998   Playing Indian. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.

Dery, Mark

2013   England My England: Anglophilia Explained. Thought Catalog, Brooklyn, NY.

Dewey, Dan P.

2007   Language Learning During Study Abroad: What We Know and What We Have Yet to Learn. Japanese Language and Literature, Oct., 2007, Vol. 41, No. 2, Study Abroad for Advanced Skills (Oct., 2007), pp. 245-269.

Everett, Dion

2025   The French Dispatch and Francophilia in Film. The Cambridge Language Collective (website), www.thecambridgelanguagecollective.com/europe/the-french-dispatch-and-francophilia-in-film (accessed January 29, 2026).

Ferraro, Gary and Susan Andreatta

2012   Cultural Anthropology: An Applied Perspective. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, Belmont, CA.

Friedman, Harris

2009   Xenophilia as a Cultural Trap: Bridging the Gap Between Transpersonal Psychology and Religious/Spiritual Traditions. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, Vol. 28, Issue 1, pp. 107-111, digitalcommons.ciis.edu/ijts-transpersonalstudies/vol28/iss1/10/.

Goldstein, Sam

2025   You Don’t Need to Be Interesting, Just Interested: Real connection starts with listening. Psychology Today, September 23, 2025, www.psychologytoday.com /us/ blog/raising-resilient-children/202509/you-dont-need-to-be-interesting-just-interested.

Graham, Laura R. and H. Glenn Penny

2015   Becoming ‘Indigenous’: German Fascination with North American Indians.  Utne Reader, February 13, 2015, www.utne.com/community/north-american-indians-ze0z1502zhur/.

Hale, Matthew

2014   Cosplay: Intertextuality, Public Texts, and the Body Fantastic. Western Folklore, Winter 2014, Vol. 73, No. 1 (Winter 2014), pp. 5-37.

Hents, Nathan H.

2018   The Meaning and Meaninglessness of Genealogy. Psychology Today, January 29, 2018, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/beastly-behavior/201801/the-meaning-and-meaninglessness-genealogy.

Jackson, Lauren Michele

2019   White Negroes: When Cornrows Were in Vogue…And Other Thoughts on Cultural Appropriation. Beacon Press Books, Boston, MA.

Joutard, Genevieve and Philippe Joutard

2006   De la francophilie en Amerique : Ces Americains qui aiment la France. Actes Sud, Arles, France.

Kale, Sirin

2020   The New Anglophilia: Why the US is Going Wild for English Accents and Culture. The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/uk-news/shortcuts/2020/feb/11/the-new-anglophilia-why-the-us-is-going-wild-for-english-accents-and-culture.

Kloppers, Mandy

2014   Forms of Escapism. MentalHealth.com, April 9, 2014, www.mentalhealth.com/ library/forms-of-escapism.

Kooy, Michael John

2000   Coleridge’s Francophobia. The Modern Language Review, Oct., 2000, Vol. 95, No. 4, (Oct., 2000), pp. 924-941.

Leo, Geoff, Roxanna Woloshyn, and Linda Guerriero

2023   Who is the real Buffy Sainte-Marie? CBC News, October 27, 2023, www.cbc.ca/newsinteractives/features/buffy-sainte-marie.

Longeway, John L.

1990   The Rationality of Escapism and Self-Deception. Behavior and Philosophy, Fall/Winter, 1990, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Fall/Winter 1990), pp. 1-20.

Lore of Life

2024   Understanding Ennui: Unravelling the Depths of Modern Discontent. Lore of Life, October 12, 2024, loreoflife.com/ennui/.

Mackelden, Amy

2022   Anna Delvey Is So Much More than a "Fake German Heiress." Harper’s Bazaar, February 7, 2022, www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a38994142/who-is-anna-delvey-sorokin-fake-german-heiress/.

McGreal, Chris

2015   Rachel Dolezal: ‘I wasn't identifying as black to upset people. I was being me.’ The Guardian, December 13, 2015, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/13/rachel-dolezal-i-wasnt-identifying-as-black-to-upset-people-i-was-being-me.

McGregor, Janice

2014   “Your Mind Says One Thing but Your Emotions Do Another”: Language, Emotion, and Developing Transculturality in Study Abroad. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Fall 2014), pp. 109-120.

Morales, Jessica I.

2020   Two Types of Passion: Harmonious vs. Obsessive. Psychology Today, August 8, 2020, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/building-the-habit-hero/202008/two-types-passion-harmonious-vs-obsessive.

Nati, Michelle

2015   8 People Who Pretended To Be A Different Race Or Ethnicity. Oddee, June 16, 2015, www.oddee.com/item_99357.aspx.

Pink, Matthew

2025   The Francophile Condition. The Good Life France (website), thegoodlifefrance.com/the-francophile-condition/, (accessed January 29, 2026).

Psychologs Entertainment

2024   The Psychology Behind Passion. Psychologs, January 5, 2024, www.psychologs.com/the-psychology-behind-passion/ ?srsltid =AfmBOoqXHdRIqaRYbWX0_WXvrxkODfem1xiyG7WzQr-ZoJbQklfN4ZP7.

Psychology Today

2025   Imposter Syndrome. Psychology Today.com (website), www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/imposter-syndrome, accessed February 2, 2026.

Queenan, Joe

2011   Why America’s Anglophiles Are Missing the Point of the Royal Wedding. Time, April 28, 2011, time.com/archive/6595657/why-americas-anglophiles-are-missing-the-point-of-the-royal-wedding/.

Rickman, Catherine

2021   5 of the Most Famous Francophiles in History. Frenchly, February 17, 2021, frenchly.us/5-of-the-most-famous-francophiles-in-history/.

Said, Edward W.

1978   Orientalism. Vintage Books, New York, New York.

Schumpe, Birga Mareen and Hans-Peter Erb

2015   Humans and Uniqueness. Science Progress (1933-), Vol. 8, No. 1 (2015), pp. 1-11.

Tuan, Yi-Fu

1998   Escapism.  The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.

Vallerand, Robert J.

2010   On Passion for Life Activities: The Dualistic Model of Passion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (ed. Mark Zanna), Vol. 42, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 97-193.

It’s time to high five and give each other some skin as The Two Humans celebrate those two work horses at the end of our arms—THE HANDS!

Episode 84: Give Your Hands a Hand: A Slow Clap for an Underappreciated Appendage.

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

Website: http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG: @introtoanthrowith2humans

Patreon: https://patreon.com/AnIntrotoAnthrowithTwoHumans

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=13619501

Resources:

Alpenfels, Ethel J.

1955   The Anthropology and Social Significance of the Human Hand. Artificial Limbs, May 1, 1955, 2 (2), pp. 4-21.

Baccarini, Matteo and Angelo Maravita

2013   Beyond the Boundaries of the Hand: Plasticity of Body-Space Interactions Following Tool Use. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 77-99.

Bell, Charles

1852   The Hand: Its Mechanism and Vital Endowments As Evincing Design. London, John Murray.

Bremner, Andrew J. and Dorothy Cowie

2013   Developmental Origins of the Hand in the Mind, and the Role of the Hand in the Development of the Mind. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 27-55. 

Bridgman, George B.

1920   The Book of a Hundred Hands. Dover Publications, Garden City, New York.

Britannica Editors

2021   Brachiation. Encyclopedia Britannica (website), December 20, 2021, www.britannica.com/science/brachiation.

Byrns, Arthur G.

1906   The Hand in Art. Brush and Pencil, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Sep., 1906), pp. 117-122.

Cahn, Laura

2024   14 Common Hand Gestures That Are Rude in Other Countries. Reader’s Digest, November 25, 2024, www.rd.com/article/common-hand-gestures-rude-in-other-countries/.

Cole, Jonathan

2013   “Capable of Whatever Man’s Ingenuity Suggests”: Agency, Deafferentation, and the Control of Movement. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 3-25. 

Cooperrider, Kensy

2020   Where Do Finger Names Come From? JSTOR Daily, January 1, 2020, daily.jstor.org/where-do-finger-names-come-from/.

Farmer, Harry and Manos Tsakiris

2013   Hand-Centered Space, Hand-Centered Attention, and the Control of Movement. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 103-130.

Feder, Kenneth L. and Michael Alan Park

2007   Human Antiquity: An Introduction to Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (Fifth Edition). McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Given, Leila

1929   The Bacterial Significance of the Handshake. The American Journal of Nursing, Mar., 1929, Vol. 29, No. 3 (Mar., 1929), pp. 254-256.

Haviland, William A., Dana Walrath, Harold E. L. Prins, and Bunny McBride

2011   Evolution and Prehistory: The Human Challenge, Ninth Edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, Belmont, CA.

Helvetius, Claude Adrien

1810   De l’Esprit or, Essays on the Mind and Its Several Faculties (translated from the French). London: Albion Press.

Herz, Robert

2013   The Pre-Eminence of the Right Hand: A Study in Religious Polarity. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, Vol. 3, No. 2 (2013), pp. 335-357.

Holmes, Nicholas P.

2013   Hand-Centered Space, Hand-Centered Attention, and the Control of Movement. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 57-76.

International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)

2024   Animals with Opposable Thumbs. International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) (website), September 18, 2024, www.ifaw.org/journal/animals-opposable-thumbs.

Isaac Newton.org

2026   Isaac Newton Quotes. Isaac Newton.org (website), www.isaacnewton.org/ quotes.jsp (accessed January 12, 2026).

Keller, Helen

2023   The Story of My Life. Global Publishers, Glendale, WI.

Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

2010   Oldest evidence of human stone tool use and meat-eating found. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (website), August 12, 2010.

Morrison, Terri and Wayne A. Conaway

1995   Kiss, Bow, or Shake Hands (2nd Edition). Adams Media, Stoughton, MA. 

Napier, John (Revised by Russell H. Tuttle)

1980   Hands. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

Prinz, Jesse J.

2013   Foreword: Hand Manifesto. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. ix-xvii. 

Radman, Zdravko

2013   Beforehand. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. xix-xxii. 

Ratcliffe, Matthew

2013   Touch and the Sense of Reality. The Hand: An Organ of the Mind (ed. Zdravko Radman). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 131-157. 

Read, Alice

2024   Why are hands so difficult to draw? Using the failures of AI to understand. Art UK, July 8, 2024, artuk.org/discover/stories/why-are-hands-so-difficult-to-draw-using-the-failures-of-ai-to-understand.

Roberts, Alice

2018   Evolution: The Human Story, Second Edition. Dorling Kindersley, New York, NY.

Rolian, Campbell, Daniel E. Lieberman, and Benedikt Hallgrimsson

2010   The Coevolution of Human Hands and Feet. Evolution, June 2010, Vol. 64, No. 6 (June 2010), pp. 1558-1568.

Siede, Carolyn

2017   Here’s Why Cartoon Characters Only Have 4 Fingers. A.V. Club, March 29, 2017, www.avclub.com/here-s-why-cartoon-characters-only-have-4-fingers-1798259730.

TCT: Top China Travel

2025   Chinese Etiquette: Fist and Palm Salute. TCT: Top China Travel (website), www.topchinatravel.com/china-guide/chinese-etiquette-fist-and-palm-salute.htm, accessed December 22, 2025.

Tyler, Adrienne

2022   Why So Many Cartoon Characters Only Have 4 Fingers. Screen Rant, January 1, 2022, screenrant.com/cartoon-characters-four-fingers-hands-animation-reason/.

Webster, Richard

2024   Palm Reading for Beginners. Llewellyn Publications, Woodbury, Minnesota.

Wilson, Frank

1998   The Hand: How Its Use Shapes the Brain, Language, and Human Culture. Vintage Books, New York, NY. 

You WILL listen to this episode. You WILL enjoy it. The Two Humans discuss Stanley Milgram’s obedience experiment and Philip Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment.

Episode 83: Obedience and Authority: From Shock the Monkey to Jailhouse Rock

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG @introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=136195011

Resources:

Caspar, Emilie A.

2024   Just Following Orders: Atrocities and the Brain Science of Obedience. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

De Vos, Jan

2011   Depsychologizing Torture. Critical Inquiry, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Winter 2011), pp. 286-314.

Eckman, Bruce K.

1977   Research: Stanley Milgram’s “Obedience” Studies. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, March 1977, Vol. 34, No. 1 (March 1977), pp. 88-99.

Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah

1996   Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. Vintage Books, New York, NY.

Hale, Rebecca

2020   ‘They Were Just Following Orders’: Relationships between Milgram’s Obedience Experiments and Conceptions of Holocaust Perpetration. Holocaust Education: Contemporary Challenges and Controversies (ed. Stuart Foster, Andy Pearce, and Alice Pettigrew. UCL Press, London, UK.

Harvard University Department of Psychology

2025   Stanley Milgram (1933-1984). Harvard University (website), psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/stanley-milgram, (accessed November 30, 2025).

Helm, Charles and Mario Morelli

1979   Stanley Milgram and the Obedience Experiment: Authority, Legitimacy, and Human Action. Political Theory, Aug., 1979, No. 3 (Aug., 1979), pp. 321-345.

Krueger, Joachim I.

2008   Review: Lucifer’s Last Laugh: The Devil Is in the Details. Reviewed Work(s): The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil by Philip Zimbardo. The American Journal of Psychology, Summer, 2008, Vol. 121, No. 2 (Summer, 2008), pp. 335-341.

Le Texier, Thibault

2024   Investigating the Stanford Prison Experiment: History of a Lie. Springer, Cham, Switzerland.

Levine, Robert

2007   Review: The Evil That Men Do. American Scientist, September-October 2007, Vol. 95, No. 5 (September-October 2007), pp. 440-442.

Milgrim, Stanley

1974   Obedience to Authority. Harper Perennial Modern Thought, New York, NY.

1974   The Dilemma of Obedience. The Phi Delta Kappan, May, 1974, Vol. 55, No. 9 (May, 1974), pp. 603-606.

Stannard, Matthew B.

2002   BBC’s ‘Reality’ Show May Be Cruel and Unusual Television/Program Based on Stanford Prison Experiment. SFGate.com, January 28, 2002, www.sfgate.com/ news/article/BBC-s-reality-show-may-be-cruel-and-unusual-2879491.php.

Stevens, Francis L., Robin A. Hurley, and Katherine H. Taber

2011   Anterior Cingulate Cortex: Unique Role in Cognition and Emotion. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Volume 23, Number 2, Spring 2011, pp. 120-125.

Stigler, Kimberly A. and Christopher J. McDougle

2013   Structural and Functional MRI Studies of Autism Spectrum Disorder. The Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ed. Joseph D. Buxbaum and Patrick R. Hof). Academic Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 251-266.

Travers, Jeffrey and Stanley Milgram

1969   An Experimental Study of the Small World Problem. Sociometry, Vol 32, No. 4 (Dec., 1969), pp.425-443.

Zimbardo, Philip

2008   The Lucifer Effect: Understanding How Good People Turn Evil. Random House Trade Paperbacks, New York, NY.

Zurcher, Anthony

2025   Fallout from ‘illegal orders’ video escalates battle with Democrats over US patriotism. BBC, November 26, 2025, www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq8dqq ddpe8o.

A shrieking outside your window. A fluttering at the corner of your eye. In this year’s Halloween episode, The Two Humans investigate the frightening history of FAIRIES.

Episode 82: For Fear of Little Men: Fairies, Pixies, and Other Assorted Wee Folk

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG @introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=136195011

Resources:

Allingham, William

2025   The Fairies. Scottish Poetry Library (website), www.scottishpoetrylibrary.org.uk/poem / fairies/, accessed October 19, 2025.

Briggs, K. M.

1957   The English Fairies. Folklore, Mar., 1957, Vol. 68, No. 1 (Mar., 1957), pp. 270-287.

Christiansen, Reidar Th.

1973   Some Notes on the Fairies and the Fairy Faith. Bealoideas, 1971-1973, Im. 39/41 (1971 – 1973), pp. 95-111.

Chua, Eu Jin

2025   Disenchantment. Encyclopaedia Britannica, www.britannica.com/topic/ disenchantment-sociology (accessed October 26, 2025).

Daimler, Morgan

2024   The Victorians, the Theosophists and the Cottingley Fairies: The Reshaping of Modern Fairy Belief. The Cottingley Fairy Photographs: New Approaches to Fairies, Fakes and Folklore (ed. Simon Young). Pwca Books and Pamphlets, Coppell, TX., pp. 182-195.

Dearnley, Elizabeth

2021   Introduction. Fearsome Fairies: Haunting Tales of the Fae (ed. Elizabeth Dearnley). The British Library, London, UK, pp. 7-17.

Dickson, Meri

2024   Fairy Fraud: The Socio-Cultural Impact of the Cottingley Fairy Photographs. The Cottingley Fairy Photographs: New Approaches to Fairies, Fakes and Folklore (ed. Simon Young). Pwca Books and Pamphlets, Coppell, TX., pp. 251-266.

Doyle, Arthur Conan

1922   The Coming of the Fairies: The Cottingley Incident. Hodder & Stoughton, London, UK.

Eberly, Susan Schoon

1988   Fairies and the Folklore of Disability: Changelings, Hybrids and the Solitary Fairy. Folklore, 1988, Vol. 99, No. 1 (1988), pp. 58-77.

Elfschool

2025   The Elfschool. The Elfschool (website), theelfschool.com (accessed October 26, 2025).

Fae Magazine

2025   Fairy Festivals 2025. Fae Magazine (website), www.faemagazine.com/summer-fairy-festivals-2025/ (accessed October 26, 2025).

Frimmer, Steven

1976   Neverland: Fabled Places and Fabulous Voyages of History and Legend. The Viking Press, New York, NY.

Inuma, Kaori

2024   Edward Gardner’s Theosophical Storyworld. The Cottingley Fairy Photographs: New Approaches to Fairies, Fakes and Folklore (ed. Simon Young). Pwca Books and Pamphlets, Coppell, TX., pp. 159-181.

Jenkins, Richard

2000   Disenchantment, Enchantment and Re-Enchantment: Max Weber at the Millennium. Max Weber Studies, November 2000, Vol. 1, No. 1 (November 2000), pp. 11-32.

Kay, Karen

2024   Fairy Whispering: 111 Magical Practices for Connecting with the Fairies. Hay House, London, UK.

Kelly, Dan

2022   Kansas City’s Fairyland Park Conjures Fond Memories—and the Shadow of Racism. The Kansas City Star, July 22, 2022.

Knight, Sirona

2005   The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Elves and Fairies. Alpha Books, New York, NY.

Maher, F. R.

2021   Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and the Secret of the Cottingley Fairies. F. R. Maher, Coppell, TX.

Purkiss, Diane

2000   Fairies and Fairy Stories: A History. Tempus, Stroud, UK.

Rose, Carol

1996   Spirits, Fairies, Gnomes, and Goblins: An Encyclopedia of the Little People. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, CA.

Salinas, Andres Felipe Barrero

2023   Max Weber on Disenchantment: Is Religion Obsolete? The Collector, May 31, 2023, www.thecollector.com/max-weber-disenchantment-world-religion/.

Silver, Carole

1986   On the Origin of Fairies: Victorians, Romantics, and Folk Belief.  Browning Institute Studies, 1986, Vol. 14, The Victorian Threshold (1986), pp. 141-156.

Slimane

2023   Land of Fairies: Queer New York at the Beginning of the 20th Century. Medium, June 4, 2023, medium.com/@TVRPGhistory/land-of-fairies-f5ff18184934 .

Young, Simon

2013   A History of the Fairy Investigation Society, 1927-1960. Folklore, August 2013, Vol. 124, No. 2 (August 2013), pp. 139-156.

2024   The Cottingley Fairy Photographs: An Introduction. The Cottingley Fairy Photographs: New Approaches to Fairies, Fakes and Folklore (ed. Simon Young). Pwca Books and Pamphlets, Coppell, TX, pp. 7-12.

Zipes, Jack

2000   Introduction. The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales (ed. Jack Zipes). Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp. xv-xxxii.

In this episode, The Two Humans get even with an in-depth discussion of REVENGE!

Episode 81:  REVENGE! Make Mine Cold and Sweet, Please.

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG @introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=136195011

Resources:

AZ Quotes

2025   John Milton Quotes about Revenge. AZ Quotes (website), accessed September 24, 2025, www.azquotes.com/author/10164-John_Milton/tag/revenge.

Barash, David P. and Judith Eve Lipton

2011   Payback: Why We Retaliate, Redirect Aggression, and Take Revenge. Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, NY.

BookBrowse

2025   Revenge is a dish best served cold. BookBrowse (website), accessed September 24, 2025, www.bookbrowse.com/expressions/detail/index.cfm/expression_ number/703/revenge-is-a-dish-best-served-cold.

De Quervain, Dominique J-F., Urs Fischbacher, Valerie Treyer, Melanie Schellhammer, Ulrich Schnyder, Alfred Buck, and Ernst Fehr

2004   The Neural Basis of Altruistic Punishment. Science, Vol. 305, August 27, 2004.

Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

2025   Talion. Encyclopaedia Britannica, accessed September 22, 2025, www.britannica.com/topic/talion.

Elster, Jon

1992   Norms of Revenge. Ethics and Personality: Essays in Moral Psychology (ed. John Deigh), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.

Jacoby, Susan

1983   Wild Justice: The Evolution of Revenge.  Harper Colophon Books, New York, NY.

Jaffe, Eric

2011   The Complicated Psychology of Revenge. Association for Psychological Research (website), October 4, 2011, www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/ the-complicated-psychology-of-revenge.

Kimmel, Jr., James

2025   The Science of Revenge: Understanding the World’s Deadliest Addition—and How to Overcome It. Harmony Books, New York, NY.

McCullough, Michael E.

2008   Beyond Revenge: The Evolution of the Forgiveness Instinct. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.

Murphy, Jeffrie G.

2003   Getting Even: Forgiveness and Its Limits. Oxford University Press, New York, NY.

Rohland, Lindsay

2022   Eye-for-an-Eye (Talion). EBSCO Knowledge Advantage, accessed September 22, 2025, www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/eye-eye-talion#full-article.

Rosenbaum, Thane

2013   Payback: The Case for Revenge. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.

To celebrate their 80th episode, The Two Humans get a belly full of corn (and we’re not talkin’ about moonshine)!

Episode 80: Gettin’ Corny! The Amazing History of Maize.

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG @introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=136195011

Resources:

Bailey, Flora L.

1940   Navaho Foods and Cooking Methods. American Anthropologist, Vol. 42(2), pp. 270-290.

Biography

2019   Orville Redenbacher. Biography, April 16, 2019, www.biography.com/business-leaders/orville-redenbacher.

Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell

1942   Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture. The University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. 

Christensen, Clyde M. and Henry H. Kaufman

1969   Grain Storage: The Role of Fungi in Quality Loss. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.

Cleveland Clinic

2025   Pellagra. Cleveland Clinic [website], my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/ 23905-pellagra.

Cordell, Linda S., H. Wolcott Toll, Mollie S. Toll, and Thomas C. Windes 

2008   Archaeological Corn from Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico: Dates, Contexts, Sources. American Antiquity 73(3), pp. 491–511.

Czerwony, Beth

2021   Why Can You See Corn in Your Poop? Cleveland Clinic (website), June 24, 2021, health.clevelandclinic.org/why-can-you-see-corn-in-poop.

Dappen, Nathan and Neil Losin (Directors)

2015   Popped Secret: The Mysterious Origin of Corn [Video]. HHMI Biointeractive, www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/popped-secret-mysterious-origin-corn.

Davidson, Alan

2002   The Penguin Companion to Food. Penguin Books, London, UK.

Devor, E. J. and Linda S. Cordell

1981   Neural-Tube Defects in a Pre-Historic South-Western Indian Population. Annals of Human Biology, 8(1), pp. 65–75.

Dickerson, George

1992   A Small-Scale Agriculture Alternative: Specialty Corns. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, June 1992.   

Fine Dining Lovers Editorial Staff

2023   What Huitlacoche Is and How to Eat It. Fine Dining Lovers (website), March 31, 2023, www.finedininglovers.com/explore/articles/what-huitlacoche-and-how-eat-it.

Fussell, Betty

1992   The Story of Corn. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, NM.

Galinat, Walton C.

1988   The Origin of Corn. Corn and Corn Improvement, Third Edition (ed. G. F. Sprague and J. W. Dudley, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Madison, WI, pp. 1-31.

Huff, Leah Alexandra

2006   Sacred Sustenance: Maize, Storytelling, and a Maya Sense of Place. Journal of Latin American Geography, 2006, Vol. 5, No. 1 (2006), pp. 79-96.

Hussein, Hussein S. and Jeffrey M. Brasel 

2001   Toxicity, Metabolism, and Impact of Mycotoxins on Humans and Animals. Toxicology, Vol. 167, pp. 101–134.

Juárez-Montiel, Margarita, Sandra Ruiloba de León, Griselda Chávez-Camarillo, César

Hernández-Rodríguez, and Lourdes Villa-Tanaca

2011   Huitlacoche (Corn Smut), Caused by the Phytopathogenic Fungus Usilago maydis, as a Functional Food. Revista Iberoamericana de Micología, Vol. 28(2), pp. 69–73.

Kavena, Juanita Tiger

1980 Hopi Cookery. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Keoke, Emory Dean and Kay Marie Porterfield

2003   Encyclopedia of American Indian Contributions to the World. Checkmark Books, New York.

King, Frances B. and Bonnie W. Styles

1978   2000 Years of Corn in the “Corn Belt.” Central States Archaeological Journal, Vol. 25, No. 4 (OCTOBER, 1978), pp. 180-184.

Kleinman, Evan

2022   Teosinte: Corn’s Wild Unruly Ancestor Had a Spiritual Significance. Good Food (podcast), KCRW, December 30, 2022, www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/good-food/masa-corn-history-science-politics-reair/teosinte-corn-ancestors-spiritual-history.

Licht, Mark and Zachary Clemens

2021   The Birds and Bees of Corn Pollination. Integrated Crop Management, Iowa State University, Extension and Outreach (website), July 19, 2021, https://crops.extension.iastate.edu/post/ birds-and-bees-corn-pollination.

Marasas, W. F. O. 

1996   Fumonisins: History, World-Wide Occurrence and Impact. In Fumonisins in Food (ed. Lauren S. Jackson, Jonathan W. Devries, and Lloyd B. Bullerman). Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1-17.

McCray, John

2013   Mycotoxins, Maize, and Site Abandonment in the American Southwest [Master’s Thesis]. New Mexico Highlands University, Las Vegas, NM.

Peraica, M., B. Radic, A. Lucic, and M. Pavlovic. 

1999   Toxic Effects of Mycotoxins in Humans. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 77(9), pp. 754–766.

Radford, Benjamin

2013   Why Can’t Humans Eat Grass? Live Science, January 28, 2013, www.livescience.com/32435-why-cant-humans-eat-grass.html.

Rice, Ellie

2018   Popped Secret: The Mysterious Origin of Corn (Film Guide). HHMI Biointeractive (website), January 2018, www.biointeractive.org/sites/ default/files/ PoppedSecret-Educator-film.pdf.

Robbins, Wilfred William, John Peabody Harrington, and Barbara Freire-Marreco 

1916   Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians (Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 55. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.

Smith, Leah

2025   Corn Pollination: The Nerdy Gardener's Complete Guide. Sow True Seed (website), accessed June 24, 2025, sowtrueseed.com/blogs/ gardening/corn-pollination-the-nerdy-gardeners-complete-guide.

Snow, David H. 

1990   Tener Comal y Metate: Protohistoric Rio Grande Maize Use and Diet (ed. Paul E. Minnis and Charles L. Redman). Perspectives on Southwest Prehistory, Westview Press, Inc., Boulder, CO, pp. 289-300.

USDA National Agricultural Library

2025   Early History. USDA National Agricultural Library (website), www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/popcorn/early-history, accessed August 29, 2025.

2025   Popcorn Explosion. USDA National Agricultural Library (website), www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/popcorn/popcorn-explosion, accessed August 21, 2025.

Weatherwax, Paul

1918   The Evolution of Maize. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, Vol. 45, No. 8 (Aug., 1918), pp. 309-342.

1954   Indian Corn in Old America. The MacMillan Company, New York, NY.

Wetterstrom, Wilma

1986   Food, Diet, and Population at Prehistoric Arroyo Hondo Pueblo, New Mexico. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe.

In this episode, The Two Humans discuss COLORS and what happens when “our brains and the universe meet.” Oh, wow, man; like, far out!!

Episode 79: Well, Sex Me Up and Color Me Bad!! A Kaleidoscopic Look at Colors

An Intro to Anthro with 2 Humans

Human Number One, John McCray, and Human Number Two, John Lehr, re-assess what it means to be human.

http://www.intro2anthro.podbean.com

https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093893313542

IG @introtoanthrowith2humans

Merch: www.cafepress.com/shop/TheCaveShoppe/products?designId=136195011

Resources:

Brusatin, Manlio

1991   A History of Colors. Shambhala, Boston, MA. 

Cleveland Clinic

2025   Synesthesia. Cleveland Clinic (website), accessed June 9, 2025, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24995-synesthesia.

D’Andrade, R. and M. Egan

1974   The Colors of Emotion. American Ethnologist,  Feb., 1974, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Feb., 1974), pp. 49-63.

Deak, Megan

2024   Why Were Roman Citizens Punished for Wearing Purple? WorldAtlas.com (website), February 16, 2024, www.worldatlas.com/ancient-world/why-were-roman-citizens-punished-for-wearing-purple.html.

Deutscher, Guy

2010   Through the Language Glass: Why the World Looks Different in Other Languages. Picador, New York, NY. 

Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

2025   Kaleidoscope: Optical Device. Encyclopaedia Britannica (website), accessed July 11, 2025, www.britannica.com/technology/kaleidoscope.

Eriksen Translations

2025   How Translating Colors Across Cultures Can Help You Make a Positive Impact. Eriksen Translations (website), February 3, 2020, eriksen.com/marketing/ color_culture/.

Finlay, Victoria

2002   Color: A Natural History of the Palette. Random House Trade Paperbacks, New York, NY. 

Fox, James

2021   The World According to Color: A Cultural History. Penguin Books, London, UK. 

Girard, Jeremy

2019   Visual Color Symbolism Chart by Culture. ThoughtCo, September 25, 2019, www.thoughtco.com/visual-color-symbolism-chart-by-culture-4062177.

Gloye, Eugene E.

1957   Why Are There Primary Colors? The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Critism, Sep., 1957, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Sep., 1957), pp. 128-131.

Gregonis, Linda M. and Victoria R. Evans

2025   The Hohokam and Their World: An Exploration of Art and Iconography. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.

Haviland, William A., Dana Walrath, Harold E. L. Prins, and Bunny McBride

2011   Evolution and Prehistory: The Human Challenge, Ninth Edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, Belmont, CA.

Jones, Nicola

2022   Over the Rainbow: How Culture Shapes Color. Atmos (website), November 1, 2022, atmos.earth/over-the-rainbow-color-perception-science/.

Jones, Tim

2010   Unweaving the Rainbow. Communicate Science (website), February 28, 2010, communicatescience.com/zoonomian/2010/02/28/unweaving-the-rainbow/.

Josserand, Mathilde, Emma Meeussen, Asifa Majid, and Dan Dediu

2021   Environment and Culture Shape Both the Colour Lexicon and the Genetics of Colour Perception. Nature.com, September 27, 2021, www.nature.com/ articles/ s41598-021-98550-3.

Kareklas, Ioannis, Frederic F. Brunel, and Robin A. Coulter

2014   Judgment Is Not Color Blind. Journal of Consumer Psychology, Vol. 24, No. 1 (January 2014), pp. 87-95.

Kean, Sam

2022   Could Claude Monet See Like a Bee? Distillations Magazine, January 11, 2022, www.sciencehistory.org/stories/magazine/could-claude-monet-see-like-a-bee/.

Keats, John

2025   Lamia. Part II. Poeticous (website), www.poeticous.com/keats/lamia-part-ii, accessed July 14, 2025.

Kottak, Conrad Phillip

2011   Cultural Anthropology: Appreciating Cultural Diversity, Fourteenth Addition. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Madden, Thomas J., Kelly Hewett, and Martin S. Roth

2000   Managing Images in Different Cultures: A Cross-National Study of Color Meanings and Preferences. Journal of International Marketing, 2000, Vol. 8, No. 4 (2000), pp. 90-107.  

Meyers, Harriet

2021   Can Dogs See Color? American Kennel Club (website), December 7, 2021,   www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/can-dogs-see-color/.

Nostalgia Central

2025   X-Ray Specs. Nostalgia Central (website), nostalgiacentral.com/pop-culture/fads/x-ray-specs/, accessed July 12, 2025.

Psychology Today

2025   Synesthesia. Psychology Today (website), accessed June 9, 2025 www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/synesthesia.

Qiblawi, Adnan

2024   Art Bites: Could Monet See into the Ultraviolet Spectrum. ArtNet, September 18, 2024, news.artnet.com/art-world/art-bites-could-monet-see-into-the-ultraviolet-spectrum-2538474.

Robinson, Jefferson

2022   Colour Semiotics and What They Mean in Other Cultures. Buzzword (website), February 27, 2022, buzzwordcreative.co.uk/colour-semiotics-and-what-they-mean-in-other-cultures/.

Shech, Elay and Michaeol Watkins

2025   Colors are objective, according to two philosophers—even though the blue you see doesn’t match what I see. The Conversation, April 25, 2025,  theconversation.com/colors-are-objective-according-to-two-philosophers-even-though-the-blue-you-see-doesnt-match-what-i-see-234467.

SmarterTravel

2016   What Colors Mean in Other Cultures. HuffPost.com, January 26, 2016, www.huffpost.com/entry/what-colors-mean-in-other_b_9078674.

St. Clair, Kassia

2016   The Secret Lives of Color. Penguin Books, New York, NY.

Wikipedia.org

2025   I Wanna Sex You Up. Wikipedia.org  (website), accessed July 11, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Wanna_Sex_You_Up.