Factors affecting the choice of statistical test, including level of measurement (nominal, ordinal and interval) and experimental design. When to use the following tests: Spearman's rho, Pearson's r, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, related t-test, unrelated t-test and Chi-Squared test.

Reliability across all methods of investigation. Ways of assessing reliability: test-retest and inter-observer; improving reliability.

Types of validity across all methods of investigation: face validity, concurrent validity, ecological validity and temporal validity. Assessment of validity. Improving validity. 

Content analysis and coding. Thematic analysis.

Case studies.

The implications of psychological research for the economy.

The role of peer review in the scientific process

Introduction to statistical testing; the sign test. When to use the sign test; calculation of the sign test.

Presentation and display of quantitative data: graphs, tables, scattergrams, bar charts, histograms.

Distributions: normal and skewed distributions; characteristics of normal and skewed distributions.

Descriptive statistics: measures of central tendency - mean, median, mode; measures of dispersion - range and standard deviation; calculation of range. 

Qualitative and quantitative data; the distinction between qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques.

Primary and secondary data, including meta-analysis.