Jim is joined by former Congressman Chris Stewart and Dr. Alex Littlefield to discuss the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists’ January 2024 publication titled Chinese Nuclear Weapons 2024. The conversation explores China’s evolving nuclear posture, its strategic ambitions, and the implications for U.S. deterrence policy.

Key topics include:

• The accuracy and limitations of open-source estimates of China’s nuclear arsenal.
• China's doctrine of “no first use” and whether it aligns with its rapid expansion of nuclear capabilities.
• The strategic shift in China’s willingness to challenge and potentially dominate the United States.
• The role of delivery systems, dual-use reactors, and uranium imports from Russia in accelerating China’s nuclear development.
• Reflections on U.S. military atrophy, outdated equipment, and the need for renewed leadership and policy direction.

The episode also features candid insights into China’s long-term goals, including its Belt and Road Initiative, and how its actions reflect a methodical pursuit of global dominance by 2048.