Beyond Jaws: Exploring Shark Science and Conservation

In this bonus episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, co-hosts Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert interview Mark Packer, the host of the newly launched Shark Trust podcast. The episode highlights Mark's journey into marine conservation and his role at the Shark Trust, a nonprofit organization dedicated to shark and ray conservation.

Mark shares that his interest in marine conservation began in childhood, inspired by nature shows and his sister's explorations in the garden. Although he initially pursued a career in nursing, he eventually transitioned to marine conservation after completing his MSc in marine conservation from the University of Plymouth in 2021. His connection with the Shark Trust began when he met Paul Cox, the organization's CEO, during a half marathon, which led to his employment at the Trust.

The Shark Trust podcast, launched in May 2023, aims to delve into the complexities of shark conservation and engage listeners with in-depth discussions about the organization's work. Mark emphasizes the importance of using podcasts as a medium to educate the public about shark conservation, as they allow for longer, more detailed conversations compared to traditional press releases or emails.

In the first series of the podcast, Mark interviews various team members from the Shark Trust, discussing their roles and the challenges sharks face globally. The episodes cover topics such as international fisheries, conservation policies, and the intricacies of shark management. Mark expresses his desire to expand the podcast in future series to include discussions on successful shark conservation efforts and the potential challenges that may arise.

Overall, the episode showcases Mark's passion for marine conservation and the Shark Trust's commitment to educating the public about the importance of protecting sharks and rays. The podcast serves as a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about the complexities of shark conservation and how they can get involved.

Shark Trust Podcast: https://youtu.be/WzoPWfa3aBM?si=y-iyMpF9lJ4DB6On

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In this episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, Dr. Alexandra McInturf shares her journey in shark science and conservation, highlighting her impressive academic and research background. Originally from Cincinnati, Ohio, a landlocked state, Alexandra developed a passion for marine biology and sharks at a young age, inspired by a family trip to Florida and the influence of Shark Week.

She graduated cum laude from Williams College with degrees in biology and English, later earning her PhD in animal behavior from the University of California, Davis. Her doctoral research focused on basking sharks and involved significant citizen science efforts. Despite challenges, including not seeing basking sharks during her fieldwork in Ireland, she pivoted her research to utilize existing data and collaborated with other researchers, including Dr. David Ebert.

Currently, Alexandra is a research associate at Oregon State University's Big Fish Lab, where she examines the foraging ecology of salmon sharks and investigates the impacts of microplastics on marine life. She is also involved in community engagement and outreach, aiming to raise awareness about sharks in Oregon, a state often overlooked in shark research.

One of her notable recent projects involved studying a ship strike incident involving a basking shark, which underscored the importance of understanding human impacts on marine species. Alexandra emphasizes the significance of mentorship and science communication in her work, striving to make shark science more inclusive and accessible to the public. Through her efforts, she aims to contribute to the conservation of threatened marine species and foster a greater understanding of their ecological roles.

Alexandra's Personal Website: https://alexandramcinturf.squarespace.com/

Chapple Big Fish Lab: https://marineresearch.oregonstate.edu/chapple-lab/meet-chapple-big-fish-lab

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In this special 100th episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, hosts Andrew and Dr. David Ebert reflect on their journey over the past four years and the significance of reaching this milestone. They express gratitude for the support they've received from listeners and guests, highlighting the diverse voices and stories shared throughout the episodes.

The discussion delves into the podcast's origins, emphasizing its goal to provide a platform for marine scientists, conservationists, and communicators to share their experiences and insights. They note the importance of showcasing not only established figures in shark science but also early-career researchers and professionals from various backgrounds, including illustrators and filmmakers.

Andrew and Dave reminisce about their first episodes, featuring pioneers from the "Jaws generation," and how the podcast has evolved to include a global audience, with guests from over 40 countries. They celebrate the unique stories shared by individuals from different cultures and the challenges they face in the field of shark research and conservation.

The hosts also reflect on the collaborative efforts that have made the podcast successful, including partnerships with organizations like the Save Our Seas Foundation, which provided initial funding and support. They acknowledge the hard work that goes into producing each episode, including the recent symposium on wedge fish and guitar fish, which featured numerous international contributors.

As they look forward to the next 100 episodes, Andrew and Dave express their excitement for continuing to connect with new guests and explore various aspects of shark science and conservation. They invite listeners to engage with the podcast, share their thoughts, and help spread awareness about the importance of ocean conservation.

In closing, the episode features congratulatory messages from past guests, reinforcing the podcast's impact on the community and the importance of sharing knowledge and passion for marine life. The hosts emphasize their commitment to inspiring others and fostering a deeper understanding of the complexities of shark science.

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In this special bonus episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, co-host Dave Ebert pays tribute to his former advisor, Dr. Leonard Campagno, a prominent figure in shark biology, ecology, and taxonomy, who passed away on September 24, 2024. Dave shares heartfelt memories and stories from his 40-year relationship with Leonard, reflecting on the impact he had on the field and on his students. Listeners will gain insight into Leonard's influential work, including his groundbreaking classification of sharks, rays, and chimeras.

Join Dave in celebrating the life and legacy of a true giant in marine science.

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In this episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, hosts Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert welcome Dr. Grace Casselberry, the sixth recipient of the prestigious Eugenie Clark Award from the American Elasmobranch Society. Dr. Casselberry, a postdoctoral student at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, shares her inspiring journey in marine biological research, highlighting her dedication, perseverance, and innovative contributions to the study of elasmobranchs, including sharks and rays. Listeners can look forward to insights into her accomplishments, future aspirations, and the impactful work she has done in public outreach and research. Join us for an engaging conversation about the importance of marine conservation and the legacy of Eugenie Clark!

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Dr. Grace Casselberry: A Rising Star in Shark Research

Dr. Grace Casselberry, the sixth recipient of the Eugenie Clark Award from the American Elasmobranch Society, has made significant strides in the field of shark research. As a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, her work focuses on the spatial ecology of various shark species, predator-prey dynamics, and the effects of catch-and-release angling on striped bass. Her journey into marine science and shark research is both inspiring and illustrative of her dedication to the field.

Early Influences and Education

Grace's interest in marine science was sparked during her childhood summers spent in Cape Cod, Massachusetts, where she developed a love for the ocean through fishing with her grandfather. Unlike many marine scientists who have been fascinated by sharks since childhood, Grace's path was more gradual. It wasn't until her undergraduate studies at the University of Connecticut, where she took a fish biology class, that she realized she could turn her passion for fishing into a career studying fish.

After completing her Bachelor's degree in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Grace interned at the Panama City Lab, where she gained hands-on experience with sharks. This internship solidified her interest in movement ecology and led her to pursue a Master's degree at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where she studied the residency and habitat use of various shark species in a marine protected area.

Research Focus and Achievements

Grace's Master's research involved tagging and tracking tiger sharks, lemon sharks, nurse sharks, and Caribbean reef sharks in Buck Island Reef National Monument in St. Croix. Her findings revealed that these species spent over 50% of their tagged days within the marine protected area, underscoring its importance for shark conservation.

For her PhD, Grace shifted her focus to great hammerhead sharks in the Florida Keys, where she investigated their movement patterns and interactions with the recreational tarpon fishery. Her research uncovered that approximately 15% of hooked tarpon were consumed by hammerheads, raising concerns about the impact of shark predation on the tarpon population.

In addition to her shark research, Grace has also worked on critically endangered sawfish, conducting juvenile nursery area habitat assessments in Everglades National Park. This work involved catching and tagging juvenile sawfish to better understand their habitat use and population dynamics.

The Importance of Funding and Collaboration

Throughout her academic journey, Grace has actively sought funding to support her research. She has applied for various grants, including the prestigious Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship from NOAA, which allowed her to pursue her PhD. Grace emphasizes the importance of persistence in grant writing, noting that rejection is a common part of the process. She encourages aspiring researchers to apply for funding opportunities, as they are essential for advancing scientific knowledge and conservation efforts.

Grace's collaborations with organizations such as Bonefish and Tarpon Trust and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary have also been instrumental in her research. These partnerships have provided valuable resources and support, enabling her to conduct fieldwork and share her findings with stakeholders in the fishing community.

Recognition and Future Aspirations

Receiving the Eugenie Clark Award is a significant milestone in Grace's career, recognizing her perseverance, dedication, and innovation in shark research. She hopes to continue her work in applied conservation and management, focusing on the intersection of marine animal movement and fisheries management. Grace's journey serves as an inspiration to early-career scientists, particularly women in marine science, as she exemplifies the impact of passion, hard work, and collaboration in advancing our understanding of marine ecosystems.

The importance of grant writing and securing funding is a critical aspect of a successful career in marine science, as highlighted by Dr. Grace Casselberry in her interview on the Beyond Jaws podcast. Grace emphasizes that her experience with grant writing has been somewhat unique, as she has actively pursued funding to support her research projects, particularly during her PhD and postdoctoral work.

Grace began writing grant proposals while finishing her master's thesis, recognizing that her lab did not have the resources to fully support her PhD work. This proactive approach allowed her to secure funding, which was essential for her to continue her research on sharks and other marine species. She notes that the process of applying for grants can be challenging, as it often involves competing against many other talented researchers with compelling ideas.

One of the key takeaways from Grace's experience is the reality of rejection in the grant writing process. She candidly shares that she has applied for more grants than she has received, which is a common experience for many researchers. Grace highlights that while rejections can be disheartening, they are not personal and often reflect the competitive nature of funding opportunities. She encourages aspiring scientists to persist despite setbacks, stating, "You're never going to get the money if you don't try to get the money."

Grace also emphasizes the importance of learning from feedback received on grant applications. For instance, after applying for the Dr. Nancy Foster scholarship and not receiving it initially, she was able to use the feedback to improve her proposal for the next application cycle, ultimately leading to her success. This illustrates the significance of resilience and adaptability in the grant writing process.

In summary, Grace's experiences underscore that grant writing is not only a necessary skill for securing funding but also an opportunity for researchers to articulate their ideas and the importance of their work. Her journey reflects the challenges and rewards of navigating the funding landscape in marine science, highlighting the need for persistence, learning from rejection, and the ability to tell a compelling story about one's research.

In this special episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, co-host Dr. David Ebert takes center stage as he shares the exciting details of his latest expedition to Australia and Southeast Asia in search of lost sharks. Join Andrew as he interviews David about the challenges and adventures he faced during the trip, as well as the thrilling potential discoveries that may have emerged.

Tune in to find out whether David’s quest was successful and to hear about the fascinating aspects of shark conservation that emerged from this unique journey. Don’t miss this chance to dive deep into the world of sharks with our expert co-host!

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The Importance of Collaboration and Networking in Scientific Research

In the realm of scientific research, particularly in fields like marine biology and conservation, collaboration and networking are essential, especially when exploring new regions and engaging with local communities. The podcast episode featuring Dr. David Ebert highlights several key aspects of this importance.

Building Relationships

Dr. Ebert emphasizes that much of his research success stems from the relationships he has cultivated over the years. Networking with colleagues, local researchers, and community members is vital for gaining insights and support. For instance, during his trip to Timor-Leste, he connected with Dr. Lowe Clausen, who facilitated introductions to local government officials and the fishing community. This type of networking is invaluable, as it allows researchers to tap into local knowledge and resources that can significantly enhance their work.

Local Expertise

When venturing into new and less-explored regions, having local collaborators is crucial. They possess knowledge about the terrain, species, and cultural practices that outsiders may overlook. Dr. Ebert worked closely with local Timorese individuals from the World Fish organization. Their familiarity with the area and its ecosystems helped him navigate the challenges of conducting research in a country with limited infrastructure and resources.

Cultural Sensitivity and Respect

Collaboration also fosters cultural sensitivity. Dr. Ebert approaches his work with respect and humility, recognizing that he is a guest in these communities. He does not impose his ideas but rather offers information and support, allowing local stakeholders to decide how to use it. This approach not only builds trust but also ensures that the research is relevant and beneficial to the local population.

Shared Goals and Capacity Building

Collaboration often leads to shared goals, enhancing the impact of research. By working with local communities, researchers can align their objectives with the needs and priorities of those communities. Dr. Ebert's efforts to train local individuals in species identification and conservation practices exemplify this. By empowering local researchers and stakeholders, he helps build capacity for ongoing conservation efforts, ensuring that the work continues even after he leaves.

Access to Resources and Funding

Networking can also open doors to funding opportunities. Dr. Ebert's project was funded by the Save Our Seas Foundation, which supports initiatives aimed at conserving marine biodiversity. Collaborating with established organizations can provide researchers with the financial backing needed to conduct extensive fieldwork, as well as the credibility that comes from being associated with reputable institutions.

Conclusion

In summary, collaboration and networking are fundamental to successful scientific research, particularly in unfamiliar regions. By building relationships with local communities and experts, researchers can enhance their understanding of the ecosystems they study, ensure cultural sensitivity, and create a lasting impact through capacity building. Dr. Ebert's experiences underscore the importance of these elements in advancing marine conservation efforts and discovering new species, ultimately contributing to the broader goal of preserving our planet's biodiversity.

The thrill and emotional rush of discovering new species is a profound experience for scientists like Dr. David Ebert, who likens it to the excitement of Christmas morning for a child. This analogy captures the essence of the adrenaline and joy that accompany such discoveries, which often happen unexpectedly during fieldwork.

Throughout the podcast episode, Dr. Ebert shares his experiences from his recent trip to Australia, Southeast Asia, and Timor-Leste, where he and his team were on a mission to find "lost sharks." The anticipation of encountering these elusive species creates a palpable excitement that fuels their daily endeavors. Each day is filled with the promise of discovery, akin to the thrill of unwrapping presents on Christmas morning.

When a new species is found, the emotional response is a mix of exhilaration and disbelief. Dr. Ebert describes the moment when he and his team stumbled upon critically endangered sharks that had not been seen for years. The rush of adrenaline in these moments is overwhelming, as they realize they are on the verge of documenting something significant. This feeling is not just about the scientific achievement; it is also about the joy of exploration and the connection to nature.

The podcast highlights how this excitement is infectious, inspiring the graduate students accompanying Dr. Ebert. They witness his unwavering enthusiasm and dedication, which serves as a motivating force throughout their long and challenging days in the field. The students find it inspiring to see someone with decades of experience still so passionate and energized by the prospect of discovery.

In essence, the thrill of discovering new species is not merely a professional milestone; it is a deeply emotional experience that resonates with the innate curiosity and wonder that drives scientists. The combination of adrenaline, joy, and the sense of adventure creates a unique and fulfilling journey, making every moment spent in pursuit of knowledge worthwhile.

The Necessity of Thorough Preparation and Awareness of Safety Concerns in Fieldwork

Conducting fieldwork in remote and potentially hazardous environments, such as those described in Dr. David Ebert's recent trip to Australia, Southeast Asia, and Timor-Leste, requires meticulous preparation and a keen awareness of safety concerns. The challenges faced during such expeditions highlight the importance of being well-prepared and vigilant.

1. Logistical Planning

Dr. Ebert emphasized the extensive logistics involved in planning his trip, which spanned five countries and included multiple flights and time zones. This level of complexity necessitates a thorough understanding of travel arrangements, including booking flights for a team of graduate students and coordinating with local collaborators. A well-structured itinerary is crucial to ensure that all team members are accounted for and that the research objectives can be met efficiently.

2. Research and Local Knowledge

Preparation also involves researching the specific environments and species that will be encountered. Dr. Ebert mentioned the importance of understanding the local ecosystems and the species of sharks he was targeting. This knowledge not only aids in species identification but also helps in anticipating potential hazards associated with the local wildlife and environment.

For instance, in Timor-Leste, Dr. Ebert learned about the presence of saltwater crocodiles, which posed a significant safety risk. Understanding the behavior and habitat of these animals was essential for ensuring the safety of the team while conducting research. Engaging with local experts and communities can provide invaluable insights into the risks present in the area.

3. Safety Protocols

When working in environments like Northern Australia, where crocodiles are prevalent, adhering to established safety protocols is vital. Dr. Ebert noted that the university had specific guidelines to follow, which included staying within the confines of the boat while tagging river sharks to avoid crocodile attacks. This highlights the necessity of having clear safety measures in place to protect researchers from wildlife hazards.

In contrast, when working in Timor-Leste, Dr. Ebert faced a different set of challenges, including poor infrastructure and the absence of emergency services. In such situations, being aware of the limitations and potential dangers of the environment is crucial. Dr. Ebert's approach involved relying on local knowledge and maintaining a high level of alertness to navigate safely through the terrain.

4. Health Precautions

Fieldwork in tropical regions often comes with health risks, such as malaria and dengue fever. Dr. Ebert mentioned the importance of taking precautions against mosquito-borne diseases, which is another critical aspect of preparation. Ensuring that all team members are informed about health risks and have access to necessary vaccinations and medications is essential for a successful and safe expedition.

5. Building Relationships and Community Engagement

Finally, Dr. Ebert's emphasis on building relationships with local communities underscores the importance of cultural awareness and respect. Engaging with local people not only facilitates smoother operations but also enhances safety. Locals can provide guidance on safe practices and areas to avoid, as well as share their knowledge about the environment.

In conclusion, thorough preparation and awareness of safety concerns are paramount when conducting fieldwork in remote and potentially hazardous environments. From logistical planning and research to adhering to safety protocols and engaging with local communities, each aspect plays a crucial role in ensuring the success and safety of the expedition. Dr. Ebert's experiences serve as a valuable reminder of the complexities and responsibilities involved in field research.

 

In this episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, co-hosts Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert dive into an engaging conversation about living in Honduras and the allure of island life, especially for diving enthusiasts. They introduce their guest, Ivy Baremore, a newly minted PhD with extensive experience as a fisheries observer and work with the National Marine Fisheries Service. The hosts express their excitement about Ivy's career journey, particularly her move to Belize, and the various life changes she's experienced, including her recent marriage and navigating her PhD studies. Tune in to discover more about Ivy's fascinating adventures and insights into marine life and fisheries.

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Dr. Ivy Barrymore's journey into marine biology and shark research is a compelling narrative that highlights the importance of early experiences and hands-on internships in shaping a successful career in the field. From a young age, Ivy exhibited a passion for marine biology, a dream ignited during childhood vacations to Dauphin Island, Alabama, where she spent time searching for shark teeth. This early fascination with the ocean laid the groundwork for her future endeavors.

Ivy's academic path began at Florida State University, where she pursued a Bachelor of Science degree. During her undergraduate studies, she seized an internship opportunity with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which proved pivotal in her career. This internship provided her with practical experience in marine research, working on a project that involved analyzing mackerel otoliths (ear bones). The hands-on experience she gained solidified her interest in marine biology and equipped her with valuable skills for her future roles.

After completing her undergraduate degree, Ivy continued to build her experience as a biological technician for NMFS in Panama City, Florida. This role allowed her to engage directly with marine species and deepened her understanding of the complexities of marine ecosystems. Her work involved monitoring shark pupping and nursery areas, further fueling her interest in shark research.

Ivy's journey took another significant turn when she pursued her Master's degree at the University of Florida, focusing on the angel shark, Squatina dumerale. Her master's research was closely tied to her work with NMFS, as she leveraged the data collected during her time as a technician. This integration of academic pursuits with practical fieldwork exemplifies the importance of hands-on experience in marine science.

Following her master's degree, Ivy returned to NMFS, where she continued her work in shark research for nearly a decade. Her role involved coordinating fisheries observer programs, providing her with further opportunities to collect biological data essential for stock assessments. The experience she gained during this time was invaluable, allowing her to collaborate with established scientists and contribute to significant research projects.

Eventually, Ivy made the bold decision to move to Belize to work with Mar Alliance, a nonprofit organization focused on marine conservation. This transition marked a new chapter in her career, where she could apply her skills to address complex marine issues in a different context. The flexibility and creativity offered by working in a nonprofit environment allowed her to explore new research avenues, particularly in deep-sea fisheries.

Throughout her journey, Ivy's commitment to hands-on experience has been a driving force in her career. Her internships and practical roles have not only provided her with essential skills but have also shaped her understanding of marine biology and shark research. As she pursued her Ph.D. at the University of Exeter while working full-time, Ivy's ability to integrate her research with her professional responsibilities further underscores the importance of experiential learning in marine science. Her story serves as an inspiring example for aspiring marine biologists, emphasizing that hands-on experience is crucial for success in this dynamic and ever-evolving field.

The Journey of Dr. Ivy Barrymore in Marine Science

Dr. Ivy Barrymore's journey in marine science is a fascinating tale of passion, perseverance, and adaptability. Her story begins with a childhood fascination with marine biology, sparked during family vacations to Dauphin Island, Alabama. Despite growing up landlocked in Arkansas, her love for the ocean deepened when her family moved to Hawaii during her sophomore year of high school. This significant transition not only exposed her to the marine environment but also solidified her desire to pursue a career in marine biology.

Education and Early Career

Ivy's academic path led her to Florida State University, where she pursued a Bachelor of Science degree. During her undergraduate studies, she interned at the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which became a pivotal experience in her career. This internship allowed her to work on a project involving mackerel and otoliths, providing her with hands-on experience in marine research. After graduating, she continued her journey with NMFS, where she worked for several years before returning to graduate school to obtain her Master's degree at the University of Florida, focusing on the angel shark.

Her master's research was particularly noteworthy as it addressed a significant gap in knowledge regarding the angel shark, a species listed as prohibited due to insufficient data on its population status. This project not only contributed valuable data to NMFS but also set the stage for her future endeavors in marine science.

Transition to Belize and Mar Alliance

After nearly a decade of working with NMFS, Ivy faced a crossroads in her career. Despite her extensive experience, she found herself in a position with limited opportunities for advancement. This prompted her to explore new avenues, leading her to a job opportunity with Mar Alliance in Belize, a nonprofit organization focused on marine conservation.

The decision to move to Belize was not without its challenges, especially as she had just gotten married. However, the prospect of working in a dynamic environment where she could apply her skills to new and exciting problems was too enticing to pass up. In Belize, Ivy quickly adapted to the challenges of conducting research in a remote location, gaining invaluable experience in logistics and fieldwork.

Pursuing a PhD

While working with Mar Alliance, Ivy also pursued her Ph.D. at the University of Exeter. This unique opportunity allowed her to continue her work in marine science while advancing her education. The structure of the Ph.D. program in the UK, which did not require her to be on campus full-time, was particularly beneficial for her situation. She was able to balance her responsibilities as a researcher and a mother while completing her doctoral studies.

Ivy's research during her Ph.D. focused on deep-sea fisheries, an area that had previously been underexplored in Belize. Her work not only contributed to the scientific community's understanding of these fisheries but also aligned with Mar Alliance's mission to promote sustainable fishing practices and marine conservation.

Conclusion

Dr. Ivy Barrymore's journey in marine science exemplifies the importance of adaptability and seizing opportunities. From her early fascination with the ocean to her impactful research in Belize, Ivy's career is a testament to the diverse paths one can take in the field of marine biology. Her story serves as an inspiration for aspiring marine scientists, highlighting that with determination and the right opportunities, one can make significant contributions to the understanding and conservation of our oceans.

Pursuing a Ph.D. can be a strategic career move, particularly when it aligns with one's professional goals and offers flexibility in managing work and personal life. This is exemplified by Dr. Ivy Barrymore's experience as she undertook her part-time Ph.D. while working at Mar Alliance.

Alignment with Professional Goals

Ivy's decision to pursue a Ph.D. was not made lightly; it was a calculated step toward advancing her career. After spending over a decade working with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), she reached a point where there were limited opportunities for advancement. Despite her extensive experience and a master's degree, Ivy found herself in a position where her title and pay did not reflect her qualifications. This realization prompted her to explore options that would allow her to grow professionally.

When she joined Mar Alliance, she was encouraged by Rachel Graham to find a research focus that she was passionate about. This support was crucial as it allowed Ivy to align her Ph.D. research with her work at Mar Alliance, specifically in the area of deep-sea fisheries. By leveraging her existing knowledge and experience, she was able to create a research project that not only contributed to her academic goals but also benefited the organization.

Flexibility in Work and Personal Life

One of the significant advantages of Ivy's part-time Ph.D. was the flexibility it provided. As a working professional, she was able to continue her role at Mar Alliance while pursuing her degree. This arrangement allowed her to maintain a steady income and job security, which is particularly important for someone with a family. Ivy mentioned that she had a five-year-old son during her Ph.D. journey, and the ability to work full-time while studying part-time was essential for balancing her responsibilities as a mother and a professional.

The structure of the Ph.D. program at the University of Exeter also contributed to this flexibility. Unlike traditional U.S. Ph.D. programs that often require students to be on campus and take courses, Ivy's program allowed her to conduct her research remotely. This meant she could manage her time effectively, focusing on her studies when it suited her schedule, without the need to relocate or disrupt her family life.

Conclusion

Ivy's experience illustrates that pursuing a Ph.D. can be a strategic career move when it is thoughtfully aligned with professional aspirations and personal circumstances. By choosing a part-time program that complemented her work at Mar Alliance, she was able to enhance her qualifications while continuing to contribute to meaningful research in marine biology. This approach not only advanced her career but also provided the necessary flexibility to balance her personal life, making her Ph.D. journey a successful and enriching experience.

The Journey of Dr. Ivy Barrymore in Marine Science

Dr. Ivy Barrymore's journey in marine science is a fascinating tale of passion, perseverance, and adaptability. Her story begins with a childhood fascination with marine biology, sparked during family vacations to Dauphin Island, Alabama. Despite growing up landlocked in Arkansas, her love for the ocean deepened when her family moved to Hawaii during her sophomore year of high school. This significant transition not only exposed her to the ocean but also solidified her desire to pursue a career in marine biology.

Education and Early Career

Ivy's academic path led her to Florida State University, where she pursued a Bachelor of Science degree. During her undergraduate studies, she interned at the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which became a pivotal experience in her career. This internship allowed her to work on a project involving mackerel and otoliths, providing her with hands-on experience in marine research. After graduating, she continued her journey with NMFS, where she worked for over a decade, focusing on shark pupping and nursery surveys in the Gulf of Mexico.

Her desire to further her education led her to pursue a Master's degree at the University of Florida, where she conducted research on the angel shark, Squatina dumerelle. This project was not only significant for her academic growth but also contributed valuable data to NMFS, which was in need of information on prohibited species.

Transition to Belize and Mar Alliance

After years of working as a contractor with NMFS, Ivy faced a career crossroads. With limited opportunities for advancement and a desire for new challenges, she decided to take a leap of faith and move to Belize to work with Mar Alliance, an organization founded by Rachel Graham. This decision marked a significant shift in her career, allowing her to apply her skills in a new and exciting environment.

In Belize, Ivy was able to engage in diverse marine research projects, including deep-sea fisheries studies. This role not only reignited her passion for marine science but also provided her with the opportunity to work closely with local fishing communities, addressing complex problems related to marine conservation.

Pursuing a PhD

While working at Mar Alliance, Ivy also pursued a Ph.D. at the University of Exeter. This decision was strategic, as it allowed her to continue her work while advancing her education. The flexibility of the program, which did not require her to be on campus, was crucial for her, especially as she balanced her responsibilities as a full-time researcher and a new mother.

Ivy's Ph.D. research focused on deep-sea fisheries, building on the data she had already collected during her time at Mar Alliance. This experience not only enhanced her expertise but also positioned her for future leadership roles within the organization.

Conclusion

Dr. Ivy Barrymore's journey in marine science exemplifies the importance of adaptability and seizing opportunities. From her early fascination with the ocean to her impactful work in Belize and her pursuit of a Ph.D., Ivy's story is a testament to the diverse paths one can take in the field of marine biology. Her experiences highlight the significance of hands-on research, collaboration with local communities, and the continuous pursuit of knowledge in addressing the challenges facing our oceans today.

The differences between Ph.D. programs in the U.S. and the U.K. can significantly impact a student's experience, particularly for those already in the workforce. The U.K. system offers more flexibility, allowing students to balance work and academic commitments more effectively.

Key Differences

1. Course Requirements:

2. In the U.S., Ph.D. programs typically require students to complete a set number of courses before they can begin their research. This often includes qualifying exams and comprehensive exams, which can extend the time spent in the program.

3. Conversely, the U.K. system does not have a formal requirement for coursework if the student already holds a master's degree. This allows students to focus primarily on their research from the outset.

4. Funding and Assistantships:

5. U.S. Ph.D. students often receive funding through teaching or research assistantships, which cover tuition and provide a stipend. This financial support is crucial for many students, especially those who may not have the means to pay for their education upfront.

6. In the U.K., while there are opportunities for funding, many students may need to pay tuition out of pocket. Scholarships may be available, but the financial model can be less supportive compared to the U.S. system.

7. Duration and Structure:

8. U.S. Ph.D. programs typically last around five to seven years, with a significant portion dedicated to coursework before research begins. This can be a lengthy commitment for someone who is already working.

9. U.K. Ph.D. programs are generally shorter, often taking three to four years, and they allow for part-time study. This structure is particularly beneficial for individuals who wish to continue working while pursuing their degree.

10. Research Focus:

11. In the U.S., the path to a Ph.D. often involves a broad exploration of the field before narrowing down to a specific research topic. This can be beneficial for students who are still determining their specific interests.

12. The U.K. system encourages students to define their research focus early on, which can lead to a more streamlined and efficient process. This is advantageous for those who already have a clear idea of their research interests and want to integrate their work experience with their academic pursuits.

Impact on Students

For individuals like Dr. Ivy Barrymore, who transitioned from a career in marine biology to pursuing a Ph.D. while working with Mar Alliance, the U.K. system provided the flexibility needed to manage both responsibilities. She was able to conduct her research in Belize while completing her Ph.D. part-time at the University of Exeter. This arrangement allowed her to leverage her professional experience and apply it directly to her academic work, creating a cohesive narrative for her thesis.

In summary, the U.K. Ph.D. system's flexibility, reduced course requirements, and shorter duration make it an attractive option for working professionals. This structure enables students to balance their academic and professional lives more effectively, ultimately enhancing their educational experience and career development.

On this bonus episode of the Beyond Jaws podcast, hosts Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert delve into the recovery plan for the oceanic white tip shark with guests John Carlson and Chelsea Young from NOAA. They explore the importance of a global recovery plan for this species despite its US origins. The conversation highlights the evolution of shark science, public interest in sharks, and the crucial work being done to protect these fascinating creatures.

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Recovery plans for endangered species, such as the oceanic white tip shark, are crucial for conservation efforts and often require a global approach. In a podcast episode, John Carlson and Chelsea Young from NOAA discussed the development of a recovery plan for the oceanic white tip shark, a species listed under the Endangered Species Act. The recovery plan serves as a blueprint for achieving the goal of removing the species from the endangered list by outlining specific actions and strategies to support the recovery of the population.

One key aspect highlighted in the episode is the global nature of the recovery plan. The oceanic white tip shark is a species with a wide distribution, spanning multiple ocean basins and international waters. As a result, the recovery plan involves collaboration with various regional fishery management organizations (RFMOs) and international partners to address the conservation challenges faced by the species on a global scale.

The development of the recovery plan also involves setting benchmarks, timelines, and criteria for assessing the progress of the recovery efforts. The plan includes a series of scenarios and criteria that need to be met in different management units to demonstrate recovery. This approach ensures that recovery efforts are comprehensive and address the specific needs of the species in different regions.

Furthermore, the implementation of the recovery plan requires a coordinated effort involving scientists, policymakers, NGOs, and other stakeholders. The plan outlines on-the-ground activities and research projects aimed at supporting the recovery goals. Additionally, the plan emphasizes the importance of engaging with international partners and encouraging collaborative research and conservation initiatives to enhance the recovery of the oceanic white tip shark population.

The episode underscores the significance of global cooperation and coordinated conservation efforts in the development and implementation of recovery plans for endangered species like the oceanic white tip shark. By taking a holistic and collaborative approach, conservationists can work towards ensuring the long-term survival and recovery of threatened species across different regions and jurisdictions.

The implementation of recovery plans for endangered species, such as the oceanic white tip shark, involves a multi-faceted approach that combines scientific research, policy development, and international collaboration. In the episode, it was highlighted that the recovery plan for the oceanic white tip shark was a collaborative effort between scientists, policymakers, and various organizations both nationally and internationally.

Scientific research plays a crucial role in the implementation of recovery plans. Researchers like John Carlson and Chelsea Young from NOAA Fisheries conducted biological and analytical research to support the stock assessment of sharks and endangered elasmobranchs. This research provided essential data on population dynamics, threats, and trends in abundance, which informed the development of the recovery plan.

Policy development is another key component of implementing recovery plans. Chelsea Young, based in Honolulu, oversees the recovery planning and rulemaking for Threatened and Endangered Marine Species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The recovery plan serves as a guidance document outlining the actions needed to recover the species to a point where it no longer requires protection under the Endangered Species Act.

International collaboration is essential for the successful implementation of recovery plans for globally distributed species like the oceanic white tip shark. The recovery plan involved workshops in Miami and Honolulu, bringing together scientists, fishermen, environmental organizations, and policymakers from different countries and regions. The plan also considered the management units delineated by regional fishery management organizations, emphasizing the need for coordinated efforts across borders.

The implementation strategy outlined in the recovery plan includes on-the-ground activities, research projects, and conservation initiatives aimed at achieving the goals set for the recovery of the species. The plan serves as a blueprint for action, providing a framework for scientists, policymakers, and conservationists to work together towards the common goal of species recovery.

Overall, the successful implementation of recovery plans for endangered species like the oceanic white tip shark requires a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach that integrates scientific research, policy development, and international cooperation. By working together across borders and disciplines, stakeholders can make significant progress towards the conservation and recovery of threatened species.

Recovery plans for species like the oceanic white tip shark require a multi-faceted approach, including setting benchmarks, conducting research, and engaging with various stakeholders.

The recovery plan for the oceanic white tip shark discussed in the podcast episode highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to species recovery. The plan involves setting benchmarks to track progress towards recovery, such as population assessments, trends in abundance, and threat level reductions. These benchmarks provide a roadmap for measuring the success of conservation efforts and guiding future actions.

Additionally, conducting research plays a crucial role in understanding the species and implementing effective conservation strategies. Research efforts, such as satellite and acoustic tagging, post-release survivorship studies, and stock assessments, provide valuable data to inform decision-making and prioritize conservation actions. For example, research conducted in Hawaii and the Western Central Pacific has been instrumental in assessing population declines and informing recovery strategies.

Moreover, engaging with various stakeholders is essential for successful species recovery. The recovery plan involves collaboration with fishermen, environmental organizations, academic experts, researchers, and international management organizations. By involving diverse perspectives and expertise, the plan aims to leverage collective knowledge and resources to support the recovery of the oceanic white tip shark.

Overall, the multi-faceted approach outlined in the recovery plan underscores the importance of combining scientific research, stakeholder engagement, and strategic goal-setting to effectively conserve and recover threatened species like the oceanic white tip shark.

On this episode of Beyond Jaws, join Andrew Lewin and Dr. David Ebert as they chat with Chantel Elston, a postdoc student from SIAB, about her research on stingrays in South Africa. Discover Chantel's successful YouTube science communication channel with 25,000 subscribers, her passion for marine science, and insights into marine careers. Tune in for a deep dive into the world of flat sharks and Chantel's fascinating journey in marine research and science communication.

Check out Chantel's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@TellysMarineTales/featured

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Chantel Elston is a dedicated marine scientist and conservationist whose research focuses on threatened sharks and rays, particularly stingrays. Her passion for marine biology and elasmobranchs, such as stingrays, developed during her childhood, leading her to pursue a career in marine science with a focus on these lesser-studied vertebrates.

During her postdoc in South Africa, Chantel utilized acoustic telemetry to track stingray movements and studied their dietary habits through stomach content and stable isotope analysis. This research aimed to fill knowledge gaps and contribute to the conservation of these species. Chantel's commitment to engaging the public in marine conservation efforts is evident through her involvement in citizen science projects like Elmo Africa, where individuals report shark and ray sightings and collect egg cases to contribute to marine research.

Through her YouTube channel, Telly's Marine Tales, Chantel effectively communicates marine science topics to a broader audience. One of her notable videos addresses the debate between farm-raised and wild-caught salmon, highlighting the environmental and health implications of salmon farming. By addressing relevant and controversial issues in marine conservation, Chantel's diverse research background and dedication to studying threatened sharks and rays demonstrate her passion for marine conservation and raising awareness about these important marine species.

Chantel Elston manages the citizen science project Elmo Africa in South Africa, which allows the public to report shark and ray sightings along the coastline. The project aims to create a database of citizen science data related to these species, encouraging individuals to report sightings and collect shark egg cases for research. Chantel has been involved with Elmo Africa since her master's days, working to grow and manage the project and collaborating with local NGOs to enhance public engagement in marine conservation efforts.

Through her YouTube channel, Telly's Marine Tales, Chantel discusses various marine science topics, including the debate between farm-raised and wild-caught salmon. By conducting thorough research and presenting information in an engaging manner, Chantel educates her viewers on critical marine science issues, sparking discussions and raising awareness about important environmental and conservation topics.

 

On this episode of Beyond Jaws, Johnny Harrington from Project 1Z Media shares his experiences as a cinematographer for shark programs. He discusses his journey into cinematography, working with Forrest Galante, and the evolution of shark documentaries. Join hosts Andrew Luan and Dr. David Ebert as they delve into the world of shark cinematography with Johnny Harrington.

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• Experience and Training: Johnny Harrington emphasizes the critical role of experience and training when working with dangerous wildlife, such as sharks, crocodiles, and anacondas. He attributes his comfort and awareness in the water to his background in spearfishing and free diving in the murky waters of New England. Harrington also acknowledges the invaluable insights he gained from experienced individuals like Mike Dornellis, who shared knowledge on handling large predators like sharks. He stresses the importance of being receptive to information and guidance from knowledgeable individuals to safely interact with wildlife.

• Dive Plans for Safety: Harrington underscores the importance of having a dive plan in place to ensure safety during dives, especially in challenging conditions like strong currents or low visibility. He recalls instances where dive plans were crucial in risky situations, such as dealing with saltwater crocodiles in Myanmar or navigating rough currents. By setting limits and recognizing thresholds of risk, Harrington emphasizes the need to prioritize safety above all else during underwater filming expeditions.

Shark Cinematography and Wildlife Filming

In the podcast episode, Johnny Harrington discusses his experiences as a cinematographer for shark programs, including his work on Shark Week shows and other wildlife documentaries. Harrington's journey into cinematography began with a passion for photography, which he developed while growing up in Newport, Rhode Island. His early experiences snorkeling, surfing, and fishing in the ocean sparked his interest in capturing the beauty of marine life through photography.

As Harrington's career progressed, he transitioned from photography to videography, honing his skills in both mediums. His work with Forrest Galante, a prominent figure in the wildlife documentary world, provided him with valuable opportunities to film in challenging environments, such as underwater expeditions to capture saltwater crocodiles in Myanmar and alien shark species in Japan.

One key aspect of Harrington's work is the emphasis on safety and risk management. Filming in extreme conditions, such as strong currents or with dangerous wildlife like crocodiles and anacondas, requires a high level of awareness and trust among the crew members. Harrington highlights the importance of having experienced safety divers and medics on set to ensure the well-being of the team.

In addition to technical skills, Harrington emphasizes the need for effective communication and teamwork in the field. Maintaining a level head, following dive plans, and trusting the expertise of fellow crew members are essential for successful wildlife filming expeditions. Harrington's experiences on Shark Week and other projects demonstrate the dedication and courage required to capture captivating footage of marine life while prioritizing safety and professionalism.

• Trust and Communication: Maintaining trust and effective communication with crew members and dive buddies is crucial in risky underwater filming situations. Throughout the podcast episode, Johnny Harrington emphasizes the importance of trust and communication in his work as a cinematographer for shark programs. He highlights the significance of having a crew that you trust with your life, especially in challenging environments like underwater filming with dangerous wildlife.

• Trust in Safety Divers: Johnny highlights the role of safety divers in ensuring the crew's safety during dives. He mentions situations where safety divers disappeared or when he had to rely on their expertise in challenging conditions. Trusting the safety divers' knowledge and experience is essential for navigating risky underwater situations.

• Maintaining Awareness: While focusing on capturing footage, maintaining awareness of the surroundings is crucial. Johnny discusses the need to balance capturing the shot with staying vigilant about potential risks. This includes being aware of wildlife behavior, understanding dive plans, and recognizing the risk factor limits in each situation.

• Effective Communication: Effective communication is key to ensuring the safety and success of underwater filming projects. Johnny talks about the unspoken communication between dive buddies and crew members while underwater. Maintaining eye contact, understanding non-verbal cues, and having clear dive plans contribute to a smooth and safe filming experience.

• Experience and Risk Assessment: Experience plays a significant role in risk assessment during underwater filming. Johnny mentions the importance of recognizing thresholds in risk factors and knowing when to call off a dive, even in the presence of exciting animal behavior. Trusting the experience of the crew and safety divers in assessing risks contributes to making informed decisions during filming.

Overall, trust and communication are foundational elements in the world of underwater cinematography, where teamwork, expertise, and awareness are essential for navigating challenging and potentially dangerous filming environments.

Shark Week Filming Challenges

Shark cinematographer Johnny Harrington shared some insights into the challenges and risks involved in filming for Shark Week programs. Here are some key points based on the episode transcript:

• Diving in Dangerous Conditions: Harrington discussed diving in challenging conditions, such as strong currents and rough weather. He mentioned a specific incident where he got separated from the group due to strong currents, highlighting the importance of maintaining awareness and communication in such situations.

• Dealing with Wildlife: Harrington also talked about the risks associated with filming various wildlife, including sharks, crocodiles, and anacondas. He emphasized the need for experience, trust in crew members, and understanding animal behavior to ensure safety while capturing footage.

• Safety Measures: The episode highlighted the importance of safety measures during filming, including having a medic on staff and following a dive plan. Harrington mentioned the presence of safety divers and the use of safety equipment like safety sausages to ensure the well-being of the crew in risky situations.

• Risk Assessment: Harrington discussed the need for risk assessment and setting limits during dives. He mentioned the importance of recognizing thresholds in risk factors and making decisions to prioritize safety, even if it means cutting short a dive to avoid potential dangers.

• Experience and Communication: The episode underscored the significance of experience, communication, and trust among crew members during underwater filming. Harrington emphasized the role of dive buddies in maintaining awareness, looking out for each other, and ensuring a safe filming environment.

Overall, the challenges faced by shark cinematographers during Shark Week filming underscore the importance of preparation, experience, communication, and adherence to safety protocols to navigate the risks associated with filming in dynamic and unpredictable underwater environments.

• Risk Assessment and Limitations:

• Harrington emphasizes the significance of recognizing risk thresholds and establishing limitations during dives, even when encountering captivating animal behavior. He mentions the importance of experience in determining these thresholds and the need to maintain communication and awareness during risky situations.

• In the episode, Harrington recounts a challenging dive experience in South Africa where strong currents and rough weather conditions posed risks. Despite the allure of capturing incredible animal behavior, he highlights the necessity of acknowledging personal limits and the threshold of risk. This demonstrates the crucial balance between capturing compelling footage and ensuring safety in demanding underwater environments.

• Harrington's approach underscores the importance of prioritizing safety and making informed decisions based on the level of risk present during dives. By recognizing these thresholds and setting clear limitations, divers can mitigate potential dangers and maintain a secure environment for themselves and their crew.