In the stem cells therapy, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) which are directly derived from patients' somatic cells reprogramming to an embryonic-like state. Since iPSCs could be coaxed into the desired cell types that would already be genetically matched with the patient, the immune rejection and the ethical issues can be potentially circumvented.

The aim of any stem-cell therapy could lead to cures for a myriad of diseases afflicting humans, and to repair a damaged tissue that can't heal itself. Stem cell therapies not only simply transplanting cells into the body but also be possible to stimulate stem cells already in the body to directing them to grow new, healthy tissue. 

Various types of stem cells were used to facilitate drug discovery. Based on their own unique characteristics, these cells can be applied in the research setting for a plethora of uses. They can be potentially used as disease models to treat or cure many life-threatening or chronic illnesses. Human embryonic stem cells (ESC) may store the genetic information which may be discovering how some diseases develop.

In stem cells therapy, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are directly derived from patients' somatic cells reprogramming to an embryonic-like state. Since iPSCs could be coaxed into the desired cell types that would already be genetically matched with the patient, the immune rejection and the ethical issues can be potentially circumvented.

Most of the therapeutic mechanism of regenerative medicine action was defined and wide-ranging toxicology studies were done for stem cells therapy. Also, with the improvement of proper standardization and characterization of transplanted cell preparations, stem cell therapies have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy and benefit in preclinical models through paracrine mechanisms or differentiation. Since target disease will probably influence which of these mechanisms is more important, the stem cells which specific to different diseases are necessary to advance the field.

Since it was recognized that the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) could be used in vitro to infect human B lymphocytes and produce immortalized polyclonal B cell lines in culture, this technique has been used with great effect to facilitate immunological and molecular studies. EBV belongs to the herpesvirus family and is the main agent that causes human mononucleosis. The EBV infects B lymphocytes and immortalizes and transforms the cells into long-term growing EBV-bearing lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), which consistently express the viruses.

The stem cell-based model is an excellent tool for drug discovery and toxicological studies.

High-content screening is an advanced approach that can be used in many fields, such as drug discovery and biological research, to identify substances that alter the phenotype of a cell in the desired manner. It is a type of phenotypic screen conducted in cells to analyze complex cellular/organoid events and visualize the relevant phenotypes.

Cell therapy utilizes the characteristics of certain cells with specific functions. After bioengineering or in vitro amplification and special culture treatment, these cells have therapeutic effects such as enhancing immunity, killing pathogens and tumor cells, and promoting tissue regeneration, so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. Techniques such as cell culture proliferation and differentiation are among the most commonly used methods in cell biology research. Since the basic laws of cell behavior are the same in vitro culture and in vivo, many studies can be performed in vitro. More importantly, people can selectively and purposefully control the environment in which cells grow, so they can study the biological behavior of cells under certain special conditions.

Genome editing involves the insertion, deletion, modification or replacement of DNA in the genome with the help of synthetic nucleases, the “molecular scissors”. Targeting genome alteration of stem cells in disease models is a prerequisite for utilizing the full potential of stem cells. Genome edited human iPSCs can be employed to study gene function, drug and chemical screens. Many genome-editing techniques have been launched to improve the efficiency and speed of the development of stem cells for human disease models.