BOB DOLE : 1995 Clinton's Comeback

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In 1994, our host Randal Wallace, was active in the leadership of the Lander University College Republicans. That year the long term Congressman from the Third Congressional District of South Carolina , Butler Derrick, decided to retire from Congress. That made the race for  Congress a wide open one to fill the seat.

It was then that he got involved in the Congressional campaign of a one term State House member named Lindsey Graham.  It was a political friendship that would continue on until this day. Graham would win in 1994 and again in 1996, 1998, 2000, and then he would move on to the United States Senate in 2002, 2008, 2014, 2020, and he will be up for re-election again in 2026. 

He would become a national political figure as one of the leading people in the Congress of the United States. He emerged as a House manager in the Impeachment Trial of Bill Clinton, he filled the seat of Strom Thurmond, and lead the Republican Party efforts to answer any number of major issues plaguing the country both domestically and internationally.  His greatest accomplishment is most likely his efforts to end the stalemate over Judicial appointments that led to control of the Supreme Court eventually ending up in the hands of a conservative majority. 

In this episode, we look back at the man many have called the Senator of the 21st Century, Lindsey Graham. We start at his race for Congress in 1994, and we gather up a lot of the biographical materials the press put together during Graham's short campaign for President in 2016, Sadly, we could find nothing on the 1994 race on audio, but we do have an unusual source, the memoir of our Host, Randal Wallace, written from his materials in 2007 in his unpublished Memoir "The Eye of The Storm." 

We also follow Lindsey Graham's life at various times over the next 31 years. 

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In this episode, we will give you a taste of the dramatic races from all across the nation. Two Bush brothers were on the ballot, we had a barn burner for Governor in South Carolina, and the House and Senate had close races too. It was a dramatic campaign in an historic year at the polls. 

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In this episode we kick of the 1994 Midterm elections. As we look at Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole and Senate Republican Campaign Committee Chairman Phil Gramm, begin their march to the majority in the United States Senate. 

We will listen in as Bob Dole deftly answers questions about the year's most controversial Senate race in Virginia between Chuck Robb, the son in law of former President Lyndon B. Johnson, and Oliver North the former aide to Ronald Reagan. 

We will introduce the Midterm elections to you here,  as we get ready to kick off a multiple episode look at these monumental elections from 1994. 

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In this episode, we look back with a great deal of respect to a very formidable adversary for most Republicans like me, in Senator George Mitchell of Maine. He was the Senate Majority Leader for most of the Bush Administration and the first two years of the Clinton Administration. He was most likely the single biggest factor in making George H. W. Bush eat his no new taxes pledge during the budget negotiations of 1990. 

He decided to retire in 1994. 

This dinner was held in his honor and to raise money for a scholarship fund that he set up with the remainder of his reelection campaign fund to help more people get an education. Mitchell was the son of an Irish immigrant janitor, and a textile worker in Maine. He knew the value of a good education and how hard his parents had worked for him to have the opportunities this nation provided. This dinner was his way of setting up a fund to help those coming up behind him. 

It was here that we also got a chance to see both Bob Dole and President Clinton give good hearted speeches in tribute to the outgoing Majority Leader. It is a chance to size them up as they go head to head, but this time, it is all in good natured fun and in honor of a highly respected colleague, all on the eve of the 1994 midterm elections. 

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The Contract with America would change everything in Washington D.C. For four decades the United States House of Representatives had been controlled by one party. The Republicans had settled into a life of being a permanent minority. That total control of the Federal Government had led to decades of entrenchment for democrats everywhere you looked in the running of the government. They were in all the bureaucracy, the courts, and in control of everything within the congress. 

It was a dominance that had brought down a President in 1974, and thwarted the agenda of three more Republican Presidents. It was time for a change and the unpopularity of the Clinton agenda would finally bring about an opportunity for that change. What Republicans needed was a field general. It got one in House Minority Assistant Leader, Newt Gingrich. 

He would develop the Contract with America, help sell it to the country, and to his fellow Congressman, he would help educate not only a class of Congressional candidates but also a generation of campaign operatives that they brought in, and took to school educating them on how to run a campaign. They polled the issues, they polled the voters, and they laid the groundwork for a foundation to nationalize the election. It gave every candidate a set agenda to run on. 

I would argue, and do in this episode, that it was a one-two punch that led to the success of the Republican Party in the elections of 1994. First off, you had Bill Clinton lurch to the left, which was unpopular with the vast majority of the electorate, but you also had Bob Dole there to stand the ground at a moment when every other Republican in the Federal Government was demoralized after the loss in 1992. It was Dole that held the ground against Clinton's left wing leap. Dole stopped the Gays in the Military, didn't have a single defection on the budget, and defeated the Healthcare boondoggle. It was a mighty impressive performance for a man leading the minority party in Congress. 

It was Bob Dole's leadership during those two years that laid the foundation for the campaign that, without question, Newt Gingrich, was able to lead to victory in 1994. A one-two punch that nearly knocked out the Clinton Administration. It was the high tide of the Republican comeback from the debacle of 1992. 

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In 1994 wildfires swept across California and the Emergency Management people steeped in to help fight them. Bill Clinton was briefed on the issues and  in this episode we hear his call in to check on what was happening and to show his support for the efforts. 

It is a rare window in on the inner workings of the Presidency during a crisis. You will hear the President as he talks with his staff and you will hear from two United States Senators, Barbara Boxer and Dianne Feinstein, as they also help monitor the efforts, and show moral support to those devastated by the wildfires in the the state. 

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South Carolina has always been enormously proud of its military Collegiate institution, the Citadel, in Charleston S.C. Senator Ernest Hollings was a proud graduate of the University as was so many very prominent people throughout the state. Graduates include Governor Justin Hagood, Pat Conroy, Charles Tew, Greg Davis, State Senator Stephen Goldfinch, U.S. Representatives Nancy Mace, Gresham Barrett,  and State Representative Thad Viers are all among the list. 

In this episode we listen in as Senator Strom Thurmond, himself a graduate of Clemson University back in the era when it was a military college, introduces Senator Bob Dole and welcomes him to the Citadel. 

In this episode, we will also see the University bestow on Bob Dole an honorary Doctorate of Laws, as they welcome a genuine American hero to the podium to address the class of 1994. 

We are not sure but we think , given the date of this event May 14, 1994, that the Senators left The Citadel and then headed to another event that honored Vietnam Veterans in Columbia S.C. It was there that our host, Randal Wallace, got a chance to meet Bob Dole and snap the only photograph he had with the Senator, back in the era before cell phone cameras made pictures an easy thing to get, and that photo is now the cover art for this Podcast series. 

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In this episode we look back at one of the most controversial pieces of legislation in the entire history of the country, the 1994 Crime Bill. It has been the source of many misconceptions and misinformation, even some of which has been spread by me. 

I had actually forgotten that this piece of legislation actually wasn't a bipartisan piece of legislation. That it was not sponsored by Republicans and that even Stom Thurmond, so often maligned, as a man willing to incarcerate people on a big scale actually opposed this bill. 

This bill was the product of Democratic majorities, led by Senator Joe Biden, and pushed by President Bill Clinton. It was a big jobs bill and advocated for the expansion of the Federal Prison system. It put people in jail for long and in some cases lifetime sentences for nonviolent drug offenses. 

Here you will listen in on President Clinton as he signs the bill, listen as his democratic collogues brag on the bill, and we will hear the press conference given by Bob Dole, Trent Lott, Alan Simpson, and Strom Thurmond among other Republicans in opposition to the 1994 Crime Bill. 

Plus, in fairness, we will give you a review of what the bill did right, and how it actually did cut the crime rate that was seen by everyone as out of control in 1994. 

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I may not agree with his every conclusion about the history of the Special Prosecutor and Special Counsel office  and the people who have held it. But I can say that I could find no fault with how this one man handled the job. The Special Counsel and Special Prosecutors Office, begun in 1974, as a way to investigate the sitting President and his staff for alleged wrongdoing, has a history so awful, with so much wrongdoing itself, that it is literally almost impossible to defend as an institution. 

I don't think the abuse of power has any equal in our governmental history. The shameful conduct of Archibald Cox, Leon Jaworski, Richard Ben-Veniste, Henry Ruth, Lawrence Walsh, Ken Starr, and even the behaviour of our modern day investigators in the Trump-Biden-Trump era is enough to make even the worst tyrants blush. In my opinion, there are possibly two exceptions to this appalling record of power hungry maleficence, Robert Hurr, who investigated the records found in Joe Biden's garage, and Robert Fiske, the original Whitewater Scandal Special Prosecutor. 

Both men laid out what they saw in detail, and then either walked away, or were in the process of doing so when they were replaced. You cannot ask for anything more than that. 

In this episode, we get a real treat, as Robert Fiske traveled to Vermont to speak on the history of the Special Prosecutor and Special Counsel Offices and put the Robert Mueller Investigation into historical context. That investigation was ongoing when this lecture occured. The lecture was hosted by the Vermont Law and Graduate School and it runs nearly an hour. I may not agree with all of his opinions on the office, but I certainly can say, I always agreed with his decisions when he held the power to destroy people, and didn't, always looking at the facts and not trying to further his own career at the expense of others. 

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The Whitewater investigation takes a giant leap as Attorney General Janet Reno appoints a Special Prosecutor to look into the case coming out of Arkansas. Former Watergate House Judiciary Committee staffer Bernard Nussbaum is now the assistant legal counsel to the President and his advice is not "No but Hell No!1 Mr. President, don't do that!" But it fell on deaf ears as Democratic Senators put pressure on the White House to take the step and allow a Special Prosecutor to be appointed. 

At first Clinton got lucky. 

Janet Reno appointed Robert Fiske to oversee the job. He may actually be the one and only Special Prosecutor in the history of its existence who was willing to look at a case and render a nonpartisan fair judgement, which he did, that nothing had happened in Arkansas involving President and Mrs. Clinton, and that Vince Foster had, in fact, committed suicide. He got fired for saying it. Not in so many words, but the Special Counsel statue had run out and Republicans worked to get it renewed. When it was renewed Janet Reno recommended that Fiske remain the Special Prosecutor and be allowed to finish his report. They removed him, and replaced him with Kenneth Starr instead. The rest is history. 

This is that story. 

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