If the Qur’an is truly one timeless, unchanged book, how can it be read in multiple ways? What is the meaning behind these multiple readings (qirāʾāt), and how many are there? 

This paper introduces the concept of multi-formic Qur’anic modes of recitation and provides a brief account of the origins and canonization of the qirāʾāt, the nature of their differences, and their number and geographical distribution.

Note: The audio files are generated using AI technology. As such, the intonations and pronunciation of certain words may not reflect human speech patterns. For the original written research paper check out https://yaqeeninstitute.org