In the 1810s and 1820s, a motley mix of adventurers, revolutionaries, and freebooters known the filibusters staged a series of incursions and invasions into the Spanish territory of Texas. They came to liberate Mexico, to carve out an independent Texas, or just for personal profit and glory, but whatever their cause, they made a lasting mark on the history of Texas. In 1813, Augustus Magee and Bernardo Guiterrez led the most successful filibustering expedition into Texas, establishing the Republic of the North for a brief time before being crushed by Spanish colonial forces.