In this episode, our first guest in 2024, Dr. Ashley Jackson discusses Western governments' military interventions in the world, particularly Africa with Dr. Michael Nwankpa, the host. Ashley, who is the co-founder of the Centre for Armed Groups and the author of the book, Negotiating Survival: Civilian-Insurgent Relations in Afghanistan, presents a useful insight into why Western interventions in conflict situations in Africa and elsewhere have failed to produce the desired outcome and what needs to be done to achieve durable peace.