Cool Worlds

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Today we explore a problem that has haunted theoretical physicists for decades and remains a topic of active debate - do black holes destroy information? A key precept in quantum theory is that information should be conserved, yet anything that falls into a black hole is seemingly obliterated. How can we reconcile our theories of gravity with that of the quantum world? And could the answer transform the way we look at the Universe...

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Special thanks to Prof Janna Levin for fact checking and for her wonderful book that inspired this video, "Black Hole Survival Guide" https://a.co/d/eqqP6z1

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, M. Pittelli, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, R. Strain, B. Devermont, & Y. Muheim.

REFERENCES
► Bekenstein, J. 1972, "Black Holes and Entropy", Physical Review D: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1973PhRvD...7.2333B
► Hawking, S. 1975, "Particle Creation by Black Holes", Communications In Mathematical Physics,: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975CMaPh..43..199H
► Hooft, G.'t, 1993, "Dimensional Reduction in Quantum Gravity", General Relativity & Quantum Cosmology: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993gr.qc....10026T
► Susskind, L. 1995, "The World as a Hologram", Journal of Mathematical Physics: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995JMP....36.6377S
► Maldacena, J. 1997, "The Large N Limit of Superconformal field theories and supergravity", Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AdTMP...2..231M

MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - The Travelers [https://open.spotify.com/track/5EfCXFyDpZmu0u6hM3ByjK?si=76241b8ce56747a4]
2:51 Chris Zabriskie - We Were Never Meant to Live Here
4:30 Hill - The Great Alchemist [https://open.spotify.com/track/3PAx36jIsKiQMT9CQsRk4G?si=c00e84291e664f8e]
9:33 Falls - Life in Binary
11:55 Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog [https://open.spotify.com/track/0GgkyL3y22kFslT6wUsKlt?si=3f07e63c56674a21]
13:23 Falls - Ripley
17:06 Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Seven
19:11 Joachim Heinrich - Y
21:32 Indive - Halo Drive

CHAPTERS
0:00 Prologue
0:30 Black Holes 101
3:18 Storyblocks
4:30 Unitarity
6:19 Into the Black Hole
7:19 Hawking Radiation
9:33

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When you look the mirror, the image you see is accurate, right? Sure you left and right side get flipped, but what about your size, color and proportions? When we think about mirrors relativistically, there are a few strange (but tiny) effects which mean your appearance in the mirror is distorted. Cool Worlds explains what's going on, why it happens and how big an effect we are talking about.

::More about this Video::

► The following paper gives a derivation of why the law of reflection breaks down, although it not model the reaction of the mirror in response to the photon: Aleksandar Gjurchinovski, "Reflection from a moving mirror - a simple derivation using the photon model of light": https://arxiv.org/abs/1207.0998
► Physics Girl, "Why do mirrors flip horizontally (but not vertically)?": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vBpxhfBlVLU
► Vsauce, "What Color is a Mirror?": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yrZpTHBEss
► Cool Worlds Lab website: http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
► Columbia University Department of Astronomy: http://www.astro.columbia.edu
► Background music by MelodySheep "Secrets of the Stars": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BuxFXHircaI

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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It’s possibly the most famous question in all of science - where is everyone? Join us today for deep dive into Fermi Paradox. 🌏 Get exclusive NordVPN deal here ➵ https://NordVPN.com/coolworlds It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!✌

The Fermi Paradox has been a topic of keen debate amongst scientists, astronomers and the rest of us for more than seven decades. We can't resist the urge to speculate about aliens! But what is the paradox even really about? What explanations have been offered? Today, we explore this famous question, and offer a mind-shifting explanation.

Written and presented by Prof David Kipping.

→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store

THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, G. Canterbury, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer & T. Edris.

::References::
► Jones, E. B. 1985, "Where Is Everybody? An Account of Fermi's Question": https://sgp.fas.org/othergov/doe/lanl/la-10311-ms.pdf
► Hart, M. H. 1975, "Explanation for the Absence of Extraterrestrials on Earth", QJRAS, 16, 128: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975QJRAS..16..128H
► Tipler, F. J. 1980, "Extraterrestrial intelligent beings do not exist", QJRAS, 21, 267: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980QJRAS..21..267T
► Wright, J. T., Kanodia, S. & Lubar, G. 2018, "How Much SETI Has Been Done? Finding Needles in the n-Dimensional Cosmic Haystack", AJ, 156, 260: https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.07252
► Gray, R. H. 2015, "The Fermi Paradox is Neither Fermi's Nor a Paradox", Astrobiology, 15, 195: https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.09187
► Freitas, R. A. Jr. 1985, "There is no Fermi Paradox", Icarus, 62, 518: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985Icar...62..518F
► Sandberg, A., Drexler, E., Ord, T. 2018, "Dissolving the Fermi Paradox": https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.02404

::Music::
Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist.
► Brad Hill - Echoes of Yesterday (0:00) [https://open.spotify.com/track/4AfA4TrR2WPUJ6N6Th5j8B?si=ecb4d3f6f25744cf]
► Brad Hill - Circle (5:22) [https://open.spotify.com/track/5ahoF1JU8MMTgH7NIbZNvv?si=79c036a9ace4463c]
► Falls - Life in Binary (9:38)
► Brad Hill - The Great Alchemist (14:08) [https://open.spotify.com/album/0sfu5xfxKyQCxykRUlQATy]
► Brad Hill - There Is But One Good (19:03) [https://open.spotify.com/track/1vlxAsmQaHJo1HyvYJF770]
► Joachim Heinrich - Y (25:01)

::Chapters::
00:00 Introduction
01:22 A Brief History
06:13 Two Fermi Paradoxes
08:16 Sponsorship
09:38 The Eerie Silence
11:56 Direct Fermi Paradox
15:11 Capability?
18:38 Motivation?
20:53 Anthropicism
25:01 Extragalactic SETI
27:17 Outro & credits

#fermiparadox #aliens #seti

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Until recently, it was thought that travel through a wormhole, like that seen in the 2014 Christopher Nolan film Interstellar, was forbidden by the laws of physics. Prof Daniel Jafferis and his team have recently had a breakthrough and found a way to make it physically allowed. Prof Jafferis dropped by the Cool Worlds Lab to tell us about this fascinating idea.

::More about this Video::

► Gao, Jafferis & Wall (2016), "Traversable Wormholes via a Double Trace Deformation": https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05687
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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Use code coolworlds at https://incogni.com/coolworlds to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.

NASA is the primary means through which US astronomy is funded, which in turn leads astronomy globally. But significant cuts to NASA this year are hurting programs across the board, and many worry that the future looks grim for NASA's astronomy programs due to two growing problems on its horizon. Join us as we explore what's happening and what you can do.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Special thanks to Grant Tremblay for useful information in preparing this video.

→ Head to www.SaveChandra.org for information on how to save NASA's Chandra telescope
→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, M. Pittelli, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, R. Strain, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim & A. Stark.

REFERENCES
► NASA budget figures spreadsheet: https://t.co/kt8pE0anCT
► Rasmussen, S. 2023, "Has the Last Great Space Observatory Already Launched?", Scientific American: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/has-the-last-great-space-observatory-already-launched/
► HST & Beyond Committee Report 1996: https://www.stsci.edu/stsci/org/hst-and-beyond-report.pdf
► NASA IRB JWST Report 2018: https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/webb_irb_report_and_response_0.pdf?emrc=d3ca32
► Reichhardt, T. 2006, "Is the next big thing too big?", Nature: https://www.nature.com/articles/440140a
► Elvis, M. 2016, "What Can Space Resources do for Astronomy and Planetary Science?", Space Policy, 37, 65: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.01004
► Van Belle, G., 2021, "The Scaling Relationship Between Telescope Cost and Aperture Size for Very
Large Telescopes", Proceedings of the SPIE, 5489, 563: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.09605

MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog
3:36 Hill - Unhurried
5:58 Chris Zabriskie - Music From Neptune Flux 4
8:29 Hill - World of Wonder
11:18 Falls - Life in Binary
15:27 Chris Zabriskie - Music From Neptune Flux 1
18;24 Joachim Heinrich - Y
20:42 Indive - Fusion

CHAPTERS
0:00 Astronomy Funding
5:58 Incogni
7:18 Crisis Ahead
20:42 Outro & Credits

#NASA #Astronomy #CoolWorlds

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New research paper from the Cool Worlds Lab! Today we explore the implications of a classic result in statistics but applied to alien life for the first time. The result implies a startling conclusion, the cosmos is either teeming with intelligent civilizations, or we're essentially alone. Join us today as explore how this works and what the implications might be.

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, J. Smallbon, B. Reese, J. Yoder, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, M. Pittelli, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, R. Strain, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim & A. Stark.

REFERENCES
► Kipping & Geraint 2024, "Do SETI Optimists Have a Fine-Tuning Problem?", International Journal of Astrobiology, submitted (https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OxsjoOm8yJA7V3Yn_qt_sKshX8EYGT9U)
► Jaynes 1968, "Prior Probabilities", IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics , 4, 227: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4082152

CHAPTERS
0:00 Aliens!
1:00 Jaynes' Experiment
3:33 What about Drake?
6:31 Birth-Death Balance
9:51 Bridging to Jaynes
11:04 Challenging the Optimists
13:17 Just Sample More Stars?
15:39 Disequilibria
17:22 The Case for SETI
19:31 Outro & Credits

#Aliens #AreWeAlone #CoolWorlds

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Some startling discoveries from JWST and now Euclid and shaking up our ideas of planet formation and evolution - free floating worlds that really tax our current theories and could be just the tip of the iceberg. Join us today as we explore a "jumbo" mystery that's recently emerged in astronomy...

Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping.

→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store
→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcast

THANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, RAND Corp., N. Corwin, K. Howard, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero & P. Borisoff.

REFERENCES
► McCaughrean, M. J. & Pearson, S. G. 2023, "A JWST survey of the Trapezium Cluster & inner Orion Nebula. I. Observations & overview": https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.03552
► Pearson, S. G. & McCaughrean, M. J. 2023, "Jupiter Mass Binary Objects in the Trapezium Cluster": https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.01231
► Wang, Y., Perna, R., Zhu, Z. 2024, "Floating binary planets from ejections during close stellar encounters", https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06016
► Zwart, S. P. & Hochart, E. 2023, "The origin and evolution of wide Jupiter Mass Binary Objects in young stellar clusters": https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.04645

MUSIC
Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.
0:00 Hill - There is but One Good [https://open.spotify.com/track/1vlxAsmQaHJo1HyvYJF770]
3:39 Falls - Life in Binary
5:10 Hill - Circle
10:13 Chris Zabriskie - The Sun is Scheduled to Come Out Tomorrow
13:23 Indive - Trace Correction

CHAPTERS
0:00 Free Floating Planets
3:39 YT Premium
5:10 Seeking Rogue Worlds
7:12 A Binary Headache
13:23 Outro & Credits

#Astronomy #JWST #CoolWorlds

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Quantum entanglement allows particles to affect one another faster than the speed of light. So does this mean we could one day build a device to exploit this and enable superluminal communication? A popular trope in sci-fi for sure, but today let's look at the science.

Presented by Prof David Kipping (Columbia). Special thanks to Prof. Ehud Altman (Berkeley), Prof Tim Byrnes (NYU) & Prof. Raquel Queiroz (Columbia) for fact checking our script.

→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support
→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store

THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, D. Holland, E. Hanway, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. Van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, S. Krasner, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., I. Attard, M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, T. Mitchum, B. Walford, J. Boyd, J. Quayle, & N. De Haan.

::References::
► Gisin (2014), "Quantum measurement of spins and magnets, and the classical limit of PR-boxes", : https://arxiv.org/abs/1407.8122
► Pawlowski et al. (2009), "Information causality as a physical principle", Nature, 461, 1101: https://arxiv.org/abs/0905.2292
► Einstein et al. (1935), "Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?", PhysRev, 47, 777: https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.47.777
► Salart et al. (208), "Testing spooky action at a distance", Nature, 454, 861: https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.3316

::Further video resources::
► "Why You Can't Use Quantum Mechanics to Communicate Faster Than Light?" by Looking Glass Universe https://youtu.be/0xI2oNEc1Sw
► "The puzzling tension between faster-than-light communication and quantum mechanics" by NYU Quantum Technology Lab: https://youtu.be/5tlSkdzIi_c

::Music::
Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist
► Brad Hill - When Darkness is No Longer Dark (0:00) [https://open.spotify.com/track/2hU8LyGpcdB4h0HW05PMxb]
► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Five (2:09)
► Falls - Life in Binary (5:09)
► Falls - Ripley (10:05)
► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Four (13:24)
► Brad Hill - There Is but One Good (16:10) [https://open.spotify.com/album/4pmiXcyRpPlFjWjb45pYLx0]
► Chris Zabriskie - The Sun Is Scheduled To Come Out Again Tomorrow (22:20)
► Brad Hill - At Sunrise (25:33) [https://open.spotify.com/album/3l3efyjYt1QK6dZtzGplPW]
► Indive - Trace Correction (28:11)

::Film/TV clips used::
► Moonfall (Lionsgate)
► Passengers (Sony Pictures Releasing)
► Mankind: The Story of All of Us (History Channel)
► Foundation (Apple Inc.)
► Interstellar (Paramount Pictures)
► Contact (Warner Bros.)
► Arrival (Paramount Pictures)
► Back to the Future (Universal Pictures)
► Avatar (20th Century Fox)
► Mass Effect 2 (Bioware)
► The Matrix (Warner Bros.)
► Star Trek: The Next Generation (Paramount Television)
► Star Wars: the Last Jedi (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures)
► Genius (National Geographic)
► Star Trek (Paramount Television)
► Star Trek: The Motion Picture (Paramount Pictures)

::Chapters::

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It's time to take a break for a few weeks but before we do, here's a look ahead at what research we'll be getting up to in 2017! Many of us are heading to the American Astronomical Meeting in Grapevine, TX, so be sure to say hello if you'll be there. Thanks to everyone for tuning in and supporting our channel in 2016!


::More about this Video::

► 229th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society: https://aas.org/meetings/aas229
► Proxima b Transit Results video: https://youtu.be/fLPZiCZtr_k
► Machines Predict Exoplanets video: https://youtu.be/6xxt9ke8uYo
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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Get ready! On August 21st 2017, Americans will be treated to a rare total Solar eclipse. From coast to coast, everyone in the US should be able to see at least a partial eclipse and be within a day's drive of catching the total eclipse. Here's a quick rundown of what to expect, where to go and how to plan your trip.

::More about this Video::

► The web app you can use to plan your trip (as shown in the video) is available at www.GreatAmericanEclipse.com
► NASA's page on the upcoming eclipse: http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEgoogle/SEgoogle2001/SE2017Aug21Tgoogle.html
► Where to buy your glasses from: https://www.greatamericaneclipse.com/store/ and http://www.eclipse2017.org/glasses_order.htm
► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk

::Playlists For Channel::

Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorlds
Cool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearch
Guest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuests
Q&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQA
Science of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies

::Follow us::

SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribe
Cool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.edu
Twitter https://twitter.com/david_kipping
Instagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worlds

THANKS FOR WATCHING!!

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