CrashCourse

Introducing the very first Crash Course Podcast! Over the next 11 episodes, John Green and Katie Mack will walk through the entire history of the universe… even the parts that aren’t written yet.

Episode 1 premieres April 24th and can be streamed here on the Crash Course channel and wherever else you get your podcasts. Subscribe at https://complexly.io/theuniverse

Thank you to the Perimeter institute for letting us use some of their footage here. You can find those videos featured here:
Introducing: Quantum 101 with Katie Mack https://youtu.be/Xt1hO7YvNx0?si=PPxFf0sfndSRynkt
Katie Mack is coming to Perimeter Institute https://youtu.be/fa4cLiAwgVA?si=3dzM_79AU42wUy1L

Additional footage provided by NASA.

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Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks
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Jupiter is the biggest planet in our solar system. The gas giant is NOT a failed star, but a really successful planet! It has a dynamic atmosphere with belts and zones, as well as an enormous red spot that’s actually a persistent hurricane. Jupiter is still warm from its formation, has an interior that’s mostly metallic hydrogen, and may not even have a core.

Check out the Crash Course Astronomy solar system poster here: http://store.dftba.com/products/crashcourse-astronomy-poster

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Chapters:
Introduction: Jupiter 00:00
Jupiter's Clouds: Zones & Belts 1:26
Jupiter's Great Red Spot 2:24
Jupiter's Structure 3:32
Is Jupiter a Failed Star? 6:17
Jupiter Radiates Heat 7:13
Jupiter's Strong Magnetic Field 8:10
Jupiter's Gravity 8:40
Review 9:50
--

PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios

Follow Phil on Twitter: https://twitter.com/badastronomer

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PHOTO/VIDEO SOURCES
Jupiter http://www.spacetelescope.org/static/archives/images/screen/heic1410a.jpg [credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center)]
Earth http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=57723 [credit: NASA]
Telescope view https://farm7.staticflickr.com/6155/6177104089_ae8cc91af4_o_d.jpg [credit: Chris Isherwood / Flickr]
Jupiter Belt System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Jupiter#/media/File:Jupiter_Belt_System.svg [credit: Wikimedia Commons & NASA/JPL]
Jupiter’s Jet Streams http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=10981 [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
2010 belt sinking http://www.spacetelescope.org/static/archives/images/wallpaper3/heic1010b.jpg [credit: NASA, ESA and Z. Levay (STScI)]
Storms http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/jpeg/PIA01384.jpg [credit: NASA/JPL]
Jupiter Approach http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/images/content/388625main_Jupiter_Approach.gif [credit: NASA]
Red spot shrinking http://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-2014-24-a-print.jpg [credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center)]
Jupiter’s Hot Spots http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=11237 [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
Gas interior http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/gallery/gas_interiors.jpg [credit: NASA]
Jupiter interior http://juno.wisc.edu/Images/using/Science/Objectives/Jupiter_Interior.jpg [credit: NASA]
Creating Gas Giants http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=11541 [credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center]
Jupiter’s oblate disc https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Iridia/J_2#/media/File:Jupiter_on_2009-07-23_(captured_by_the_Hubble_Space_Telescope).jpg [credit: WikiMedia Commons/NASA]
Jupiter heat http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/jpeg/PIA13760.jpg [credit: NASA/IRTF/JPL-Caltech/University of Oxford]
Jupiter and its shrunken red spot https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Jupiter#/media/File:Jupiter_and_its_shrunken_Great_Red_Spot.jpg [credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center)]
Jupiter’s magnetosphere https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_(moon)#/media/File:Jupiter_magnetosphere_schematic.jpg [credit: WikiMedia Commons / Volcanopele]
Jupiter aurora https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/gallery/hubblesite_2000_38a.jpg [credit: John Clarke (University of Michigan) and NASA]
Jupiter’s ring http://pds-rings.seti.org/jupiter/galileo/PIA01621.jpg [credit: NASA]
Cosmic Fireball Falling Over ALMA http://www.eso.org/public/images/potw1414a/ [credit: ESO/C. Malin]
Shoemaker http://zebu.uoregon.edu/images/G-MSSSO.gif [credit: ANU / Peter McGregor]
Shoemaker scars http://hubblesite.org/hubble_dis

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This week, Hank elaborates on why Fugu can kill you by illustrating the ideas of solutions and discussing molarity, molality, and mass percent. Also, why polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. All that plus Henry's Law and why Coke = Burps.

Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!

Download it here for Apple Devices: https://apple.co/3d4eyZo
Download it here for Android Devices: https://bit.ly/2SrDulJ
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Molarity, Molality, and Mass Percent 1:34
Polar Solvents Dissolve Polar Solutes 2:21
Nonpolar Solvents Dissolve Nonpolar Solutes 2:21
Henry's Law 5:15
Coke=Burps 4:00
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In which John Green teaches you about Imperialism. In the late 19th century, the great powers of Europe were running around the world obtaining colonial possessions, especially in Africa and Asia. The United States, which as a young country was especially susceptible to peer pressure, followed along and snapped up some colonies of its own. The US saw that Spain's hold on its empire was weak, and like some kind of expansionist predator, it jumped into the Cuban War for Independence and turned it into the Spanish-Cuban-Phillipino-American War, which usually just gets called the Spanish-American War. John will tell you how America turned this war into colonial possessions like Puerto Rico, The Philippines, and almost even got to keep Cuba. The US was busy in the Pacific as well, wresting control of Hawaii from the Hawaiians. All this and more in a globe-trotting, oppressing episode of Crash Course US History.

Hey teachers and students - Check out CommonLit's free collection of reading passages and curriculum resources to learn more about the events of this episode. As America transitioned from the 19th to the 20th century, it experimented with imperialism through war and annexation; one of the most lasting effects of this time was the annexation of Hawaii, America's 50th state: https://www.commonlit.org/texts/the-1897-petition-against-the-annexation-of-hawaii
America’s imperial aims continued for decades, particularly with the Monroe Doctrine: https://www.commonlit.org/texts/the-monroe-doctrine-and-american-imperialism

Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
New Imperialism 0:39
Economic Motivations for American Imperialism 1:52
The Panama Canal 3:00
Rising Nationalism: The Pledge of Allegiance & Flag Day 3:46
American Territorial Expansion 4:04
Imperialism in the Pacific 4:59
The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War 5:47
Mystery Document 6:29
America Declares War 7:33
The Events of the Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War 8:23
American Territories Gained in the War 9:25
American Troops in China & The Philippines 10:03
The Philippine War 10:28
Puerto Rico, The Philippines, & The Foraker Act 11:05
Hawaiian Statehood 11:45
Anti-Imperialism 11:56
Supporters of Imperialism 12:24
Credits 13:30
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How long do you typically look at an artwork, and what can you learn in that time? In this episode of Crash Course Art History, we’ll acquire a toolbox of terms to help us discover how all art is influenced by the time and place it was made in.

Introduction: Art in Context 00:00
Art Historians' Tools & Spring Way 00:53
Art's Function & an Elephant Mask 03:56
Using Context to Compare & Contrast 06:23
Review & Credits 10:19


Image Descriptions: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ETiCxe4GrVzFii7dBhF42oHx1EUCCh5y12wbtUjsH8A/edit

Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GW2NKzhpMNMmRyAFJVhFJG9cSfUOMRL-QrcWuHcWcIA/edit?usp=sharing


***

Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks
__

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In which Hank shows you that, while it may seem like the Universe is messing with us, equilibrium isn't a cosmic trick. Here, he shows you how to calculate equilibrium constant & conditions of reactions and use RICE tables all with some very easy, not-so-scary math.

Pssst... we made flashcards to help you review the content in this episode! Find them on the free Crash Course App!
Download it here for Apple Devices: https://apple.co/3d4eyZo
Download it here for Android Devices: https://bit.ly/2SrDulJ

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Table of Contents
Calculating an Equilibrium Constant 1:21
Calculating Conditions of Reactions 3:00
RICE Tables 4:26
Quadratic Equations 6:43

Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

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Plants may not seem like they’re doing much, but if you look closer, you’ll find a whole world just lurking beyond the surface. We’re talking chemical defenses, highways, and even ways to change the weather. In this episode, we’ll learn how plants get resources, get rid of waste, stay defended, govern themselves, and much more.


Introduction: How Plants Work 00:00
Meet the angiosperms 00:58
How plants transport nutrients 02:04
How plants eliminate waste 05:28
Plant defenses 08:05
Plant Communication and Reproduction 09:55
Review & Credits 11:47

This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information.

Are you an educator looking for what NGSS Standards are covered in this episode? Check out our Educator Standards Database for Biology here: https://www.thecrashcourse.com/biologystandards

Check out our Biology playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtPW_ofbxdHNciuLoTRLPMgB

Watch this series in Spanish on our Crash Course en Español channel here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkcbA0DkuFjWQZzjwF6w_gUrE_5_d3vd3

Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Chk2qN3TYbNt0pJbyaHqTqRd6QY8pd4/edit?usp=sharing

***
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks
__

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"Is free will still in the equation?"

In this episode, the universe begins to become visible to itself. Dr. Katie Mack teaches John Green about the moment the stars turned on, while John seeks to answer one question... do humans matter to the universe?

Head to https://policygenius.com/crashcourse to get your free life insurance quotes and see how much you could save.

0:00 - Introduction
0:55 - Do humans matter to the universe?
12:52 - The Stars Turned On
19:28 - Reionization
38:35 - Redshift and Radio Telescopes
48:10 - Katie expands on her work
53:01 - Being Suitably Small
56:22 - Conclusion

***
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks
__

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Clint Smith teaches you about Maria Stewart, a Black woman who lived in the 19th century, and was a pioneering abolitionist, writer, and orator. When studying history, we often focus on the big picture and world-changing events. Today we'll focus on how one woman flouted the social conventions of her time and place and became a notable public speaker, thinker, and writer.

Clint's book, How the Word is Passed is available now! https://bookshop.org/a/3859/9780316492935

VIDEO SOURCES
-http://www.davidwalkermemorial.org/david-walker
-https://time.com/5786710/kimberle-crenshaw-intersectionality/
-https://www.law.columbia.edu/news/archive/kimberle-crenshaw-intersectionality-more-two-decades-later
-Kimberle Crenshaw, Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics 31.
-Maria W. Stewart, America’s First Black Woman Political Writer: Essays and Speeches, edited and introduced by Marilyn Richardson (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987)
-Paula Giddings, When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America (New York: HarperCollins, 1984).
https://www.nps.gov/people/maria-w-stewart.htm



Watch our videos and review your learning with the Crash Course App!
Download here for Apple Devices: https://apple.co/3d4eyZo
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Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse

Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:

Toni Miles, Oscar Pinto-Reyes, Erin Nicole, Steve Segreto, Michael M. Varughese, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel A Stevens, Evan Lawrence Henderson, Vincent, Michael Wang, Krystle Young, Michael Dowling, Alexis B, Rene Duedam, Burt Humburg, Aziz, DAVID MORTON HUDSON, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, JJurong, Eric Zhu, Alan Bridgeman, Rachel Creager, Jennifer Smith, Matt Curls, Tim Kwist, Jonathan Zbikowski, Jennifer Killen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, Brandon Westmoreland, team dorsey, Trevin Beattie, Divonne Holmes à Court, Eric Koslow, Jennifer Dineen, Indika Siriwardena, Khaled El Shalakany, Jason Rostoker, Shawn Arnold, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, ThatAmericanClare, Rizwan Kassim, Sam Ferguson, Alex Hackman, Eric Prestemon, Jirat, Katie Dean, TheDaemonCatJr, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Matthew, Justin, Jessica Wode, Mark, Caleb Weeks
__

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#crashcourse #history #blackhistory

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In which Craig Benzine teaches you about the US Governments Separation of powers and the system of checks and balances. In theory, the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch, and the Judicial Brach are designed to keep each other in check and to keep any branch from becoming too powerful. In reality, the system was designed to keep the President from becoming some kind of autocrat. For the most part, it has worked. Craig will call in the clones to explain which powers belong to which branches and to reveal some secret perks that the Supreme Court justices enjoy.

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios
Support is provided by Voqal: http://www.voqal.org

Chapters:
Introduction 00:00
Separation of Powers 0:25
Checks & Balances 2:28
Legislative Branch powers over the Executive Branch 2:58
Legislative Branch powers over the Judiciary Branch 3:39
Executive Branch powers over the Legislative Branch 4:37
Executive Branch powers over the Judiciary Branch 4:59
Judiciary Branch powers over the Legislative & Executive Branches 5:20
Why do we have checks & balances? 6:22
Credits 7:58

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