The learning curve for cryptocurrency investing is considerable. Suze Orman, a personal finance expert, found it "aggravating" when she first tried to invest using a bitcoin exchange.
She recently told us, "It was just too complicated for me."
And, as a volatile, highly speculative investment, many investors are understandably wary. However, for people who are interested in cryptocurrency but do not wish to purchase and hold actual cryptocurrencies, there are still methods to invest, albeit indirectly. And you may already be exposed to cryptocurrency without even realising it.
How to Invest in Cryptocurrency Without Purchasing Coins
The simplest approach to gain investment exposure to cryptocurrencies without purchasing it is to buy stock in a firm that has a financial stake in the future of cryptocurrency or blockchain technology.
However, investing in individual stocks carries the same dangers as investing in cryptocurrency. Rather than picking and investing in individual stocks, experts advise investors to place their money in diversified index funds or ETFs, which have a track record of long-term value growth.
“Believe it or not, most people with a retirement plan or an investing portfolio in an index fund already have some exposure to cryptocurrency,” says Daniel Johnson, a CFP at ReFocus Financial Planning.
According to Johnson, many of the best index funds, such as the S&P 500 or total market funds, include publicly traded companies that have some involvement with the industry, such as mining crypto, participating in the development of blockchain technology, or holding significant amounts of crypto on their balance sheets.
For example, Tesla, which has over a billion dollars in Bitcoin and has previously accepted Bitcoin payments, is included in any ETFs that track the S&P 500. It has become one of the most valuable, and hence influential, firms in the index since its entry in 2020. Also included in the ARK Fintech Innovation ETF is Coinbase, the only publicly traded bitcoin exchange.
If you have enough extra cash (and are risk tolerant), you can invest a small portion of your portfolio to specific firms or more specialised index funds or mutual funds. “An investor positive on the future of cryptocurrencies may invest in the stocks of companies developing that technology,” says Jeremy Schneider, the Personal Finance Club's personal finance specialist.
Experts generally advise confining these speculative investments — whether in the form of a single company's stock, specialist index funds, or cryptocurrencies itself — to less than 5% of your whole investing portfolio.
Investing in Crypto-Related Companies
Suze Orman, a personal finance expert, did it this way at first. She recently informed NextAdvisor about investing in MicroStrategy, a cloud computing corporation with billions in Bitcoin, because its CEO was placing all of the company's working capital into Bitcoin. She reasoned that as the value of Bitcoin climbed, so would the value of Microstrategy's stock.
But, as anyone who follows Orman's advise knows, index funds are a far superior investment strategy to picking individual equities.
Rather than investing in a single crypto-forward firm, it is advisable to maintain a well-balanced portfolio by finding companies with crypto interests and ensuring that their shares are included in any index or mutual funds you invest in. Not only does this allow you to invest in firms where you see potential, but it also allows you to diversify your investments within a larger fund.
For example, if you invest with Vanguard, you can use the site's holding search to identify all Vanguard funds that include a given company. Simply enter the company's ticker symbol (for example, TSLA for Tesla) and the tool will provide a list of all Vanguard products that hold its shares. Other investment platforms provide similar options to look for index and mutual funds by company.
However, speciality ETFs or mutual funds may have greater fees than whole market indexes, so pay attention to how much you'll be paid for purchasing shares. Schneider views a cost ratio (what you spend in fees) of less than 0.2 percent to be very low, and anything greater than 1% to be quite expensive. High fees might stifle growth even further in an already speculative venture.
Here are some more examples of publicly traded corporations incorporating Bitcoin or blockchain technology into their operations. These are far not the only companies involved, and more are being added on a daily basis. (For example, Circle, a digital payment network specialising in cryptocurrency payments, has declared its intention to go public):
MicroStrategy provides corporate intelligence and cloud services, as well as investing in Bitcoin.
Marathon Digital Investments (MARA)
Marathon Digital Holdings intends to be North America's largest bitcoin mining facility.
Blockchain Riot is a cryptocurrency mining company.
Bitfarms are a type of cryptocurrency farm (BITF)
Bitfarms is a company that runs blockchain computer centres.
Galaxy Digital is a cryptocurrency broker-dealer that specialises in crypto investment management, trading, custody, and mining.
Elon Musk, the founder of Tesla, is a supporter of cryptocurrencies, and the firm owns more than a billion dollars in Bitcoin. It temporarily took Bitcoin payments before discontinuing the service in early 2021, but Musk has stated that Tesla will “most likely” restore Bitcoin payments.
PayPal is a payment platform that allows individuals to buy cryptocurrencies.
Square recently revealed its intention to enter the decentralised finance market.
Coinbase is the world's first publicly traded cryptocurrency exchange. It will be listed on the Nasdaq in the spring of 2021.
ETFs, or exchange traded funds, are a cross between mutual funds and equities. An ETF is a collection of stocks, bonds, or other assets. When you purchase an ETF share, you are purchasing a stake in the fund's portfolio of investments.
While many ETFs, such as total market ETFs, have extremely low expense ratios, specialist ETFs can have expense ratios closer to the 1% mark, which Schneider considers excessively high. This will have less of an impact if more expensive ETFs make up a small fraction of your overall portfolio; still, keep cost in mind while weighing options.
ETFs are sometimes classified based on the kind of investments they hold, thus one method to indirectly invest in cryptocurrencies is to invest in an ETF focused on its underlying technology: blockchain. Companies who use or are developing blockchain technology will be included in a blockchain ETF.
Many people who are dubious of bitcoin but believe in the “transformative” blockchain technology that underpins it consider blockchain ETFs to be a much more sound investment.
According to Chris Chen, CFP, of Insight Financial Strategists in Newton, Massachusetts, for a recent NextAdvisor feature regarding blockchain technology: "It's like the California gold rush of the 1800s." “A lot of people raced in there to dig for gold, and the majority of them never made any money,” he explained. “The people that made money were the ones who sold the shovels. The shovel sellers are the companies that are assisting in the development of blockchain.”
ETFs are manufactured by many companies, but you can generally purchase them through the brokerage account you use to invest. You can search for funds using the symbols connected with them in the same way that you can look for individual stocks in your brokerage. Here are a few blockchain ETFs that are now available to investors (through popular brokerages such as Fidelity, Vanguard, and Charles Schwab):
BLOK (Amplify Transformational Data Sharing ETF)
By total assets, BLOK is the largest blockchain ETF. PayPal, MicroStrategy, and Square are its main holdings.
BLCN (Siren Nasdaq NexGen Economy ETF)
BLCN’s top holdings are Coinbase, Accenture, and Square.
LEGR (First Trust Indxx Innovative Transaction & Process ETF)
LEGR’s top holdings are NVIDIA, Oracle, and Fujitsu.
For would-be crypto investors put off by exchanges or buying and keeping actual coins, one simpler method to invest has remained out of reach: crypto or Bitcoin ETFs.
Many firms have attempted to offer Bitcoin ETFs, ranging from cryptocurrency exchange Gemini to long-standing investment giant Fidelity. However, all such U.S. plans have either been rejected or are still being considered by the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the SEC continues to drag its feet through the approval process.
A crypto ETF would be a significant step towards incorporating cryptocurrencies into financial portfolios in the United States.
Allowing American investors to invest in digital currencies such as Bitcoin or Ethereum without having to learn how to trade on a cryptocurrency exchange
Private trusts that hold cryptocurrencies, such as Grayscale Bitcoin Trust or Osprey Bitcoin Trust, are the only comparable options for US investors now. Accredited investors can acquire shares directly at market value through these funds, but anyone can buy secondary market shares through a brokerage account with a traditional firm like Fidelity. However, there are management fees associated with the trusts to consider (2 percent for Greyscale and 0.49 percent for Osprey), which can make this way of Bitcoin investment more expensive than a commission-free blockchain ETF or buying cryptocurrency directly from an exchange.
There are methods to expose your portfolio to cryptocurrency without purchasing coins, but proceed with caution and conduct the same due diligence as you would with any other speculative investment.
None of these equities or speciality ETFs are guaranteed to rise in value, and they may actually face heightened volatility, similar to what is seen in cryptocurrency markets. You should be willing to face the dangers involved with it, just like you would with any other cryptocurrency investment. If you can't, mutual or index funds are usually a better bet.