Cybercrimeology

About our Guests:

Dr. Bridget Harris

https://www.qut.edu.au/about/our-people/academic-profiles/bridget.harris

Dr. Joshua James

https://dfir.science/

Papers or resources mentioned in this article:

Harris, B. (2021). Technology-enabled abuse: how'safety by design' can reduce stalking and domestic violence. The Conversation.

https://theconversation.com/technology-enabled-abuse-how-safety-by-design-can-reduce-stalking-and-domestic-violence-170636

Harris, B., & Woodlock, D. (2021). ‘For my safety’: experiences of technology-facilitated abuse among women with intellectual disability or cognitive disability.

https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2021-09/apo-nid314044.pdf

The Australian eSafety Commissioner

https://www.esafety.gov.au/

https://www.esafety.gov.au/industry/safety-by-design

The eSafety Commissioner

Safety by Design (SbD)

https://www.esafety.gov.au/about-us/who-we-are/our-legislative-functions

Other:

I said the allegory of motor vehicles was revealing. An allegory generally considered to be a story poem or picture with a symbolic meaning such as a moral point of view. Although it didn’t make the final edit there is something to be learned from the story of automobile safety is that safety requires regulation, standards and education and it can be effective.

About Our Guests

(In Order of Appearance) 

Dr. Jin Lee, 

https://cls.gmu.edu/people/jlee331

Dr. David Buil-Gil

https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/david.builgil.html

Dr. Bridget Harris

https://www.qut.edu.au/about/our-people/academic-profiles/bridget.harris

and

Dr. Cathy Marcum 

https://gjs.appstate.edu/directory/dr-cathy-marcum

Other:

 I will be honest with you, the mix on this episode is a little rough, forgive me for rushing it a little. 

'Bisney' isn't a word. 'Busy' is what I was aiming for there.   

This episode's track is called ONOSCOMOSOMO. They don't all get names, but this one did.

About Our Guest:

Dr Elisabeth Carter

https://www.linkedin.com/in/elisabeth-carter-8b372444

Papers mentioned in this Episode:

Carter, E. (2021). Distort, extort, deceive and exploit: Exploring the inner workings of a romance fraud. The British Journal of Criminology, 61(2), 283-302.

https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaa072

Carter, E. (2015). Laughing matters: A conversation analytic account the use of laughter by suspects and officers in the police interview. Essex Graduate Journal of Sociology, 7(1), 99-113.

https://bucks.repository.guildhe.ac.uk/id/eprint/9401/1/Carter,%20Elisabeth%20Laughing%20matters.pdf

Carter, E. (2015). The anatomy of written scam communications: An empirical analysis. Crime, Media, Culture, 11(2), 89-103.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1741659015572310

A Guide to Spotting Romance Fraudsters

https://www.thamesvalley.police.uk/police-forces/thames-valley-police/areas/c/2020/a-guide-to-spotting-romance-fraudsters

TinEye is a reverse image search tool.  You can search with an image for other similar images. 

https://tineye.com/

If you can't access that then, you can also reverse image search on google. 

https://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en

About our Expert Guest:

Dr. Joshua James

https://dfir.science/

https://www.youtube.com/DFIRScience

What we learned:

What happens where there is a difference in analysis between digital forensics investigators ?

Like physical evidence there is little room for differences regarding the facts of a case.  There might be a different in explanation of the meaning of a piece of evidence depending on the story they are presenting. The tools are an instrument of interpreting the meaning of information on a device and tools can make mistakes.  Using multiple tools that extract and analyze data from devices reduces the chance of this happening.  

Other:

Thanks very much to my neighbours for assisting with the voice over for this episode. I do hope the human/furniture couples ballroom dancing and hollering team goes well in whichever competition you are preparing for.   Also thanks to my audio editing software for deciding to have a meltdown and give me the opportunity to do the final mastering twice.  

This episode's track is called 'curious diamonds'. Not all of the songs for podcast episodes get a name, but it did this time.

About our Interview Guest:

Dr Anita Lavorgna

https://www.southampton.ac.uk/sociology/about/staff/ai11n14.page

Papers and Publications Mentioned in this Episode:

Lavorgna, A., & Holt, T. J. (Eds.). (2021). Researching cybercrimes : methodologies, ethics, and critical approaches. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74837-1

This book contains the following major sections:

• Knowledge Production and Research Datafication in Cybercrime Research
• Methodologies and Strategies for Cybercrime Research
• Geographies and Cultures of Ethics in Cybercrime Research

Lavorgna, A., & Ugwudike, P. (2021). The datafication revolution in criminal justice: An empirical exploration of frames portraying data-driven technologies for crime prevention and control. Big Data & Society, 8(2), 20539517211049670.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20539517211049670

About our Expert Guest:

Dr. Joshua James

https://dfir.science/

https://www.youtube.com/DFIRScience

What we learned:

What is the difference between digital evidence and physical evidence for investigators ?

Digital evidence always requires active interpretation because it is an abstract series of electrical symbols. Because of this, the interpretation is very important but very difficult. Unlike physical evidence, it can be tested and analyzed indefinitely because it can be copied perfectly, and the accuracy of copies can be verified with hashes.

Other:

This episode's track is called 'surfing on white noise'. Not all of the songs for podcast episodes get a name, but it did this time.

About Our Guest:

Dr. Jerry Ratcliffe

https://www.jratcliffe.net/

Reducing Crime, Podcast, Blog and Book

https://www.reducingcrime.com/

Other:

The introduction at  the start of the episode is from the Prelinger archives at archive.org.

About our Guest:

Dr. Chad Whelan

https://www.deakin.edu.au/about-deakin/people/chad-whelan#

Papers mentioned in this episode:

Dupont, B., & Whelan, C. (2021). Enhancing relationships between criminology and cybersecurity. Journal of criminology, 00048658211003925.

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00048658211003925

Manuscript available from the University of Montreal

Other:

About the Darkside cybercrime group:

https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/05/a-closer-look-at-the-darkside-ransomware-gang/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DarkSide_(hacking_group)

About the REvil  cybercrime group:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REvil

Some technical information:

https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/revil-threat-actors/ 

A timeline of some interesting developments related to this issue:

2021, May 14. 

The moral underground? Ransomware operators retreat after Colonial Pipeline hack

https://intel471.com/blog/darkside-ransomware-shut-down-revil-avaddon-cybercrime

2021, June 7 .

Department of Justice Seizes $2.3 Million in Cryptocurrency Paid to the Ransomware Extortionists Darkside

https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/department-justice-seizes-23-million-cryptocurrency-paid-ransomware-extortionists-darkside

2021, July 20 

Operation Orcus Task Force Established To Fight Ransomware Gangs

https://australiancybersecuritymagazine.com.au/operation-orcus-task-force-established-to-fight-ransomware-gangs/

2021, Aug 5 

Ransomware Gangs and the Name Game Distraction

https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/08/ransomware-gangs-and-the-name-game-distraction/

2021, Oct 5. 

NSA chief predicts U.S. will face ransomware ‘every single day’ for years to come ("Ransomware is a national security issue. I firmly believe that.”)

https://therecord.media/nsa-chief-predicts-u-s-will-face-ransomware-every-single-day-for-years-to-come/

2021, Oct 7.

Netherlands can use intelligence or armed forces to respond to ransomware attacks

https://therecord.media/netherlands-can-use-intelligence-or-armed-forces-to-respond-to-ransomware-attacks/

2021, Oct 11.

UK cyber head says Russia responsible for 'devastating' ransomware attacks

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-58877433.amp

2021, Oct 21. 

Governments turn tables on ransomware gang REvil by pushing it offline

https://www.reuters.com/technology/exclusive-governments-turn-tables-ransomware-gang-revil-by-pushing-it-offline-2021-10-21/

2021, Oct 25. 

Groove Calls for Cyberattacks on US as REvil Payback

https://threatpost.com/groove-ransomware-revil-revenge-us-cyberattacks/175726/

Other Other:

The intro for this was drawn from a 1968 film on the role of PSYOPS in assisting developing countries in cementing their shiny new system of government installed by the US called "Psychological Operations in Support of Internal Defense and Development Assistance Programs " which is in the Public Domain and available from https://archive.org/details/0095_Psychological_Operations_in_Support_of_Internal_Defense_and_Dev_07_21_47_00

About our Guest

The Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre collects information on fraud and identity theft.

https://www.antifraudcentre-centreantifraude.ca/index-eng.htm

The CAFC involves the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the Competition Bureau Canada, and the Ontario Provincial Police  and recently come together with the Canadian Centre for Cyber Security  to fight fraud and cybercrime. 

Report Fraud

Call the CAFC Toll free: 1-888-495-8501 Monday to Friday, from 9 am to 4:45 pm (Eastern time) and close on holidays.

Online with the RCMP 

Mentioned in this episode:

(KYC) Know Your Customer or Know Your Client

Organizations that deal with large amounts of money are required to follow regulations related to the control of the proceeds of crime and terrorist financing. In Canada this is FINTRAC and you can find out more here.

https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/guidance-directives/client-clientele/1-eng

You can find out more about the KYC requirements of other countries here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Know_your_customer

Other:

The introduction for this episode was from the film " How to Use the Dial Phone" By AT&T in 1927 and preserve by the Prelinger Archive at archive.org. https://archive.org/details/HowtoUse1927

This was our 2 year anniversary. Yay Us.   

About Our Guest

Kara Brisson-Boivin

https://mediasmarts.ca/about-us/staff#k_boivin

MediaSmarts

https://mediasmarts.ca/

Take part in Cybersecurity Awareness Month Canada

https://www.getcybersafe.gc.ca/en/cyber-security-awareness-month

Other

The audio from the start of this episode is from a famous film called "Duck and Cover" available from the Prelinger archive online at archive.org

https://archive.org/details/DuckandC1951

Kara said I could use the title for the episode.  It is still hers though, you can ask her if you would like to use it somewhere. 

About Our Guest:

Dr Tom Cockcroft

https://www.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/staff/dr-tom-cockcroft/

Papers mentioned in this Episode:

Cockcroft, T., Shan-A-Khuda, M., Schreuders, Z. C., & Trevorrow, P. (2021). Police cybercrime training: perceptions, pedagogy, and policy. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 15(1), 15-33.

https://academic.oup.com/policing/article-abstract/15/1/15/5145767

Cockcroft T (2020) Police Occupational Culture: Research and Practice. Bristol: Policy Press.

Cockcroft T (2012) Police culture: themes and concepts. Abingdon: Routledge.

Notes:

The intro for this episode was from a 1951 film called "This is your Police Department" about the Detroit police department that romantically traces the training and career of a police officer in that city. Its available on the Prelinger archive.

https://archive.org/details/ThisIsYo1951

About Our Guest

The Smart CyberPhysical Systems Lab

https://www.scpslab.org/

Resources Mentioned in this Episode

Yazdinejad, A., Zolfaghari, B., Azmoodeh, A., Dehghantanha, A., Karimipour, H., Fraser, E., ... & Duncan, E. (2021). A Review on Security of Smart Farming and Precision Agriculture: Security Aspects, Attacks, Threats and Countermeasures. Applied Sciences, 11(16), 7518.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7518

You can watch their video for farmers here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ysv57jbMt7k

Other:

The book "who moved my cheese?" is a good read if you would like to consider change and how to adapt. Everything is going to be connected to the internet and the cheese is going to move.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Moved_My_Cheese%3F

I wanted to add a note of clarification here, I asked if Dr Karimipour had been toughened by her experiences. I said I don't like the term and that's becuase I don't see being 'toughened up' as a positive outcome. If you are forced to change by a situation that is still change by force and if that situation is created by discrimination then that is unacceptable in an equitable society.

I attempted to swap the phrase "a double edged sword" with "every rose has its thorns", I am not sure how well that went but perhaps it will catch one " thorns come with roses ? Something like that perhaps ?

The audio at the start of this episode was again from the Prelinger Archives at archive.org, a wonderful resources. Not the music though, that was courtesy of an MPC one, a Korg NTS-1 and a glass of Jamesons.