Cybercrimeology

About our guest:

Dr Olivier Ribaux.

https://applicationspub.unil.ch/interpub/noauth/php/Un/UnPers.php?PerNum=922493&LanCode=37

Papers Mentioned in this Episode:

Ribaux, O., & Souvignet, T. R. (2020). “Hello are you available?” Dealing with online frauds and the role of forensic science. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 33, 300978.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2020.300978

Assistance with this episode provided by:

Vicky Desjardins and Traian Toma from the CRPC (https://www.prevention-cybercrime.ca/etudiants-et-stagiaires-1)

Louis Melançon from the University of McGill (https://lmelancon.net/a-propos/)

Other:

I am aware that the sound of music was set in Austria but the two countries share a mountain range and I couldn't think of a better way to evince the feeling of grassy foothills, glacial lakes and packed lunches in wicker baskets.   

About Our Guest:

https://staff.qut.edu.au/staff/ca.cross

Papers Mentioned in the Show

Cassandra Cross & Thomas J. Holt (2021) The Use of Military Profiles in Romance Fraud Schemes, Victims & Offenders, 16:3, 385-406, DOI: 10.1080/15564886.2020.1850582

Cross, C. (2020). ‘Oh we can’t actually do anything about that’: The problematic nature of jurisdiction for online fraud victims. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 20(3), 358–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895819835910

Cross, C. (2019), "Who is to blame? Exploring accountability in fraud victimisation", Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 6 No. 1, pp. 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-07-2019-0054

Cassandra Cross, Molly Dragiewicz, Kelly Richards, Understanding Romance Fraud: Insights From Domestic Violence Research, The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 58, Issue 6, November 2018, Pages 1303–1322, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azy005 

Other:

Introduction voices are from the Prelinger Archives at archive.org.  

Bonus points are not redeemable for anything at all.  All the same, its still nice to get some points isn't it? 

More about our Guest:

Dr. Fernando Miró-Llinares

https://www.umh.es/contenido/Estudiantes/:persona_27957/datos_es.html

Papers mentioned in this Episode:

Asier Moneva, Fernando Miró-Llinares & Timothy C. Hart (2020) Hunter or Prey? Exploring the Situational Profiles that Define Repeated Online Harassment Victims and Offenders, Deviant Behavior, DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2020.1746135

Miró-Llinares F., Moneva A. (2020) Environmental Criminology and Cybercrime: Shifting Focus from the Wine to the Bottles. In: Holt T., Bossler A. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78440-3_30

David Buil-Gil, Fernando Miró-Llinares, Asier Moneva, Steven Kemp & Nacho Díaz-Castaño (2020) Cybercrime and shifts in opportunities during COVID-19: a preliminary analysis in the UK, European Societies, DOI: 10.1080/14616696.2020.1804973

Kemp, S., Miró-Llinares, F. & Moneva, A. The Dark Figure and the Cyber Fraud Rise in Europe: Evidence from Spain. Eur J Crim Policy Res 26, 293–312 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-020-09439-2

Farrell, G., Birks, D. Did cybercrime cause the crime drop?. Crime Sci 7, 8 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-018-0082-8

Miró-Llinares, F., Moneva, A. What about cyberspace (and cybercrime alongside it)? A reply to Farrell and Birks “Did cybercrime cause the crime drop?”. Crime Sci 8, 12 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-019-0107-y

Farrell, G., & Birks, D. (2020). Further rejection of the cybercrime hypothesis. Crime Science, 9, 1-4.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40163-020-00113-w

Other:

The introduction referenced the Spanish dubbed version of the 1983 movie "Juegos de guerra" or "War Games" a Metro-Goldwin Mayer film that is available for streaming online from MGM.

You can play dig dug from 1983 online here: https://archive.org/details/msdos_Dig_Dug_1983

Show Notes:

Elissa Redmiles:

https://www.cs.umd.edu/~eredmiles/

Papers Mentioned in this Episode.

Redmiles, E. M., Kross, S., & Mazurek, M. L. (2016, October). How i learned to be secure: a census-representative survey of security advice sources and behavior. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 666-677).

https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/2976749.2978307

Redmiles, E. M., Kross, S., & Mazurek, M. L. (2017, May). Where is the digital divide? a survey of security, privacy, and socioeconomics. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 931-936).

https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3025453.3025673

Redmiles, E. M., Warford, N., Jayanti, A., Koneru, A., Kross, S., Morales, M., ... & Mazurek, M. L. (2020). A comprehensive quality evaluation of security and privacy advice on the web. In 29th {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 20) (pp. 89-108).

https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity20/presentation/redmiles

Redmiles, E. M., Mazurek, M. L., & Dickerson, J. P. (2018, June). Dancing pigs or externalities? measuring the rationality of security decisions. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Economics and Computation (pp. 215-232).

https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3219166.3219185

Redmiles, E. M. (2019). Quality and Inequity in Digital Security Education (Doctoral dissertation).

https://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/25404

The Evening statesman., March 20, 1906, Page TWO

https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88085421/1906-03-20/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1777&index=4&rows=20&words=Prisoner+prisoner+Spanish&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1963&proxtext=Spanish+Prisoner&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1

This scam was about Spanish prisoner fraud, which is an old form of advance fee fraud.  You can see an example of one from 1903  that is being sold from an action house here:

https://www.pbagalleries.com/images/lot/1209/12090_0.jpg

Probably the first record of these is in a New York Times articles titled "AN OLD SWINDLE REVIVED", from Dec. 26, 1878 

Read more here:

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-9-lives-of-the-spanish-prisoner-the-treasure-dangling-scam-that-wont-die

This episodes music samples old traffic safety videos found at the Prelinger Archives available at archive.org. 

About our guest:

Howard Bilodeau is an economist at Statistics Canada.

Mentioned in the Show.

Cyber Security and Cybercrime in Canada, 2017

https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-607-x/71-607-x2018007-eng.htm

About one-fifth of Canadian businesses were impacted by cyber security incidents in 2019

https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/201020/dq201020a-eng.htm

~~~

I really liked this episode, I hope you did as well.  Did you know that the end piece on a tape measure is loose accurately to the width of the metal catch so that you can put it against a wall or over the edge of a board without it being off by a milimetre or so.  The little gap in that metal tab is there so you can put it over the head of a screw and then mark out a circle radius. Very handy measure.  

More about our Guests

Dr. Tom Holt is a Professor in the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University.

https://cj.msu.edu/directory/holt-thomas.html

Dr Yi Ting Chua is a research associate at the Cambridge Cybercrime Centreat the Department of Computer Science and Technology, Cambridge University.

https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ytc36/

Dr Rutger Leukfeldt is senior researcher and the cybercrime cluster coordinator at the NSCR. as well as the director of the Cybersecurity & SMEs Research Center of the Hague University of Applied Sciences.

https://www.nscr.nl/en/author/rutger/

https://www.cybercrimeworkingroup.com/rutger-leukfeldt

Big thanks to the acrobatic elephants upstairs and the snow movers for making recording and mixing this episode such a joy.

I have had the song for this episode stuck in my head for a month.  I hope it isn't such an earworm for you as well.

More about our Guests

Dr. Tom Holt is a Professor in the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. 

https://cj.msu.edu/directory/holt-thomas.html

Dr. Hyunwook Chun is a Deputy Director at the Korean Institute of Criminology and affiliated professor at Dongguk University 

https://eng.kic.re.kr/. 

Dr Rutger Leukfeldt is senior researcher and the cybercrime cluster coordinator at the NSCR. as well as the director of the Cybersecurity & SMEs Research Center of the Hague University of Applied Sciences. 

https://www.nscr.nl/en/author/rutger/

https://www.cybercrimeworkingroup.com/rutger-leukfeldt

~~~ 

This episode was about the future so there isn't much to link about here, I guess in a few years I might have to come back and put the links in for the things that haven't happened yet.  

~~~ 

This episode took a lot more mixing than usual. I hope you like the result.  

Show Notes

More About Our Guest:

https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/38041-levi-michael

Names Dropped

Peter Grabosky

https://researchers.anu.edu.au/researchers/grabosky-pn

David Wall

https://essl.leeds.ac.uk/law/staff/238/professor-david-s-wall-facss

Benoit Dupont

https://recherche.umontreal.ca/english/our-researchers/professors-directory/researcher/is/in15263/

Cassandra Cross

https://staff.qut.edu.au/staff/ca.cross

Monica Whitty

https://unsw.adfa.edu.au/our-people/professor-monica-whitty

Mark Button

https://www.port.ac.uk/about-us/structure-and-governance/our-people/our-staff/mark-button

Papers Mentioned

Evidence-based approaches to regulating 'organized crime'

https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16095637

You can see a rather interesting regulatory response to the problem of cell phone theft here:

https://www.zdnet.com/article/south-korea-to-mandate-anti-theft-mobile-feature/

This interview went for over an hour and a half. What a great discipline of research where people are willing to share their time for the benefit of others.

More about our Guest:

https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/38041-levi-michael

Mentioned in this Show:

SNC Lavalin and Trudeau

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNC-Lavalin_affair

The Hungarian Circle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Oberlander

There have been a lot of Riots in Bristol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol_riots#National_riots,_August_2011

Displacement

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_displacement

Dr Carlo Morselli

https://crim.umontreal.ca/repertoire-departement/professeurs/professeur/in/in14440/sg/Carlo Morselli/

I am very much paraphrasing Dr Morselli at the end of this episode, I unfortunately only took short hand notes as he delivered this message in french in a speech that tied together a class on criminology that included much discussion and exercises that was as awesome, engaging, funny, and inspiring as it was inimitable.

A Thousand Cuts

Death by a thousand paper cuts is a figure of speech that refers to the failure of an organization by the introduction of bureaucracy and many small inefficiencies and issues that slowly leads to bankruptcy.

Obligatory Joke:

I laughed quite a bit during the taping of this episode but I had to edit most of it out so as not to distract from Dr Levi. I probably owe you a laugh.

When I was a kid, my mother told me I could be anyone I wanted to be.

Turns out, identity theft is a crime.

This episode was recorded in July 2020. 

More about Our Guest

https://faculty.nps.edu/dedennin/

From this Episode:

Morris Wilkes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Wilkes

His book "Time-sharing computer systems" from 1968 provide for the Security of the System on page 91 noting that "Passwords, if used must be carefully guarded and changed frequently; the console printing should be switched off when the users is invited to type in his password". So perhaps we can give Bill Burr a break. I learned about that line from a Dorothy Denning Lecture

A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace by John Perry Barlow

https://www.eff.org/cyberspace-independence

the Cult of the Dead Cow

https://cultdeadcow.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_the_Dead_Cow

CARNAVORE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivore_(software)

https://computer.howstuffworks.com/carnivore.htm

Honeypots

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honeypot_(computing)

https://www.projecthoneypot.org/index.php

https://www.honeynet.org/

Napster

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napster

Did you know there were viral videos and memes before Facebook, YouTube and even Gmail?

Money Good. Napster Bad

https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/WebAnimation/NapsterBad