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Israel has authorised the gradual re-entry of goods including food supplies to Gaza via private traders for the first time in ten months. How does food distribution operate at the moment, and how often can it be a case of survival of the fittest?Also in the programme: as the final push for a global plastics treaty begins in Geneva, we hear from the head of the United Nations Environment Programme on why it needs to happen; and we report from a camp for Ukrainian children trying to cope with the trauma of parents missing because of the war with Russia; plus why Dolly Parton has been given the status of global icon.

The former head of the Israeli internal security agency Shin Bet, Ami Ayalon, tells Newshour why he thinks Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu needs to end the Gaza war. Meanwhile, reports suggest that the prime minister may order the Israeli Defence Forces to seize and hold the entire Gaza Strip.Also in the programme: the family of a Hiroshima atom bomb survivor reflect as the 80th anniversary of the bomb approaches; the devastation plastic pollution is wreaking on human health; and why Indian cricket fans have been ecstatic over today's game in London.(Photo: Protest outside Israeli PM Netanyahu's office in Jerusalem. Credit: REUTERS/Ronen Zvulun)

The Israeli prime minister is reportedly planning to expand military operations in Gaza. It comes as hundreds of retired Israeli security officials have written to President Trump, urging him to pressurise their government to end the war. They say Hamas is no longer a threat and the war is no longer just. We speak to one of signatories of the letter Ami Ayalon, a former director of Shin Bet, Israel's domestic secret service agency.Also in the programme: More than 70 migrants have died in a shipwreck in the Red Sea off the coast of Yemen; why Texan Democrats are running away from a vote; and Sir David Attenborough's latest BBC One series documents how parents from across the animal kingdom sacrifice everything in order to raise their young.(Photo: Protest outside Israeli PM Netanyahu's office in Jerusalem. Credit: Reuters)

Pope Leo XIV has implored a million young Catholics from around the world to aspire to great things and not settle for less at a special Jubilee celebration in Rome. We have a report on the Catholic social media influencers who spread the gospel online. Also on the programme: Arab nations have condemned a visit to the al-Aqsa mosque compound in Jerusalem by Israel's far-right national security minister, Itamar Ben-Gvir; and Kim Kardashian’s new facial wrap you wear while sleeping generates much online chatter. (Photo: Pope Leo XIV presides over Holy Mass on the occasion of the Jubilee of Youth, at Tor Vergata in Rome, Italy, 03 August 2025. Credit: EPA/Shutterstock)

Hundreds of thousands of young Catholics, including many social media influencers, have gathered for a vigil and Mass celebrated by Pope Leo XIV. Also in the programme: the former Bangladesh prime minister Sheikh Hasina faces a criminal trial; Russia’s Krasheninnikov volcano in Kamchatka erupts for the first time in hundreds of years; and the enduring appeal of Thomas the Tank Engine. (Picture: Pope Leo XIV waves to the faithful during a Holy Mass on the occasion of the Jubilee of Youth, in Rome, Italy. Credit: Photo by ANGELO CARCONI/EPA/Shutterstock)

Hamas releases a shocking video of an emaciated Israeli hostage as the US special envoy says they are determined to push for a deal to end this war rather than reach a temporary ceasefire.We speak to one of the Israeli hostage families who met US President Donald Trump's Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff in Tel Aviv. Also on the programme: a court in southern India has sentenced a prominent politician to life in prison for raping one of his domestic staff; and would you use an app allowing guests to buy a seat at your wedding for €150? (Photo: Steve Witkoff meets with Israeli hostage family members on August 2, 2025. Credit: The Hostages and Missing Families Forum Headquarters)

Russian media have dismissed Donald Trump's announcement that he will deploy nuclear submarines closer to Russia. Mr Trump said his decision was prompted by “provocative comments” on social media by the former Russian president, Dmitry Medvedev. Mr Medvedev said in a post on X on Monday that President Trump was playing "the ultimatum game" with Russia, and that such an approach could lead to a war involving the United States.Also in the programme: The world's first legislation to control artificial intelligence starts coming into force in the EU today; and from Gaza, the sixteen-year-old with a dream to become a great violinist. (Photo: Dmitry Medvedev was Russia's president in 2008-12. Credit: Reuters)

President Trump says he wants to help the people of Gaza to live, following a visit by his special envoy, Steve Witkoff, to a controversial US and Israeli- backed aid site in the territory. Plus, the BBC investigates the cases of 160 children shot dead inside the Gaza Strip.Also in the programme: Malawi hits its UN development goals for HIV and AIDS ahead of its targets; radioactive injections aimed at saving South Africa's rhinos; and we follow the market reaction to Donald Trump's global tariff deals -- and new US job figures.(Photo credit: US government)

The BBC World Service has pieced together the story of two-year-old Layan al-Majdalawi, who was killed in Gaza in areas where the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) was operating. Layan is just one of more than 160 cases of children shot in the war in Gaza, for whom we have gathered accounts. The IDF told us they are examining the case, and that: "Intentional harm to civilians, especially children, is strictly prohibited."Also the programme: President Trump announces he is imposing higher tax rates on imports to America from dozens of countries who've failed to reach a trade deal with him; and Chinese schoolgirl Yu Zidi becomes the youngest swimmer in history to win a medal at the World Aquatics Championships. (Picture: Layan al-Majdalawi, two, killed in Gaza in November 2023. Credit: Majdalawi family).

The US special envoy Steve Witkoff is to visit Gaza on Friday. We hear from American medics working in the south and centre of the strip calling on him to include hospitals in his tour, and on their government to take action to end the suffering. Also in the programme: Ukraine’s parliament votes to reverse anti-corruption legislation that was heavily criticised both inside and outside the country; and the stunning tattoos of a 2,500 year old mummy.(IMAGE: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu meets the US President's special envoy for the Middle East, Steve Witkoff, in Mr Netanyahu's office in Jerusalem, Israel, amid warnings of a famine in Gaza. 31st July 2025 / CREDIT: Kobi Gideon / GPO / Prime Minister's Office)