The economic and political landscape between the United States and Europe is undergoing a seismic shift as Trump's tariff threats create ripples across the Atlantic. Our expert guests, Professor Veronica de Romanis from Rome and journalist Fraser Myers from London, provide fascinating insights into how European countries are responding to this new economic reality.

De Romanis characterizes Europe's reaction as one of profound uncertainty, noting that while this instability threatens short-term growth, it might ultimately strengthen the EU's collective resolve. Meanwhile, the UK government appears more optimistic about negotiating favorable terms with Trump, despite potentially devastating impacts on key British industries like automotive manufacturing and pharmaceuticals.

The conversation reveals striking contrasts between American and European economic structures. While the US struggles with twin deficits (both trade and fiscal), Europe grapples with slower growth and demographic decline. Germany's momentous shift away from its traditional debt brake policies signals a recognition that increased public spending on infrastructure, healthcare, and technology has become essential to prevent recession.

Perhaps most alarming is Europe's demographic crisis, with birth rates plummeting to unsustainable levels—just 1.3 children per woman across the EU and a shocking 1.01 in Italy. This population decline threatens everything from pension systems to workforce availability. De Romanis advocates increasing female employment (currently just 50% in Italy) as a critical part of the solution.

The migration debate reveals another fascinating divergence across Europe. While Germany's substantial investment in integrating Syrian refugees has yielded impressive results (80% now employed and German-speaking), less managed approaches in countries like the UK and Italy have fueled political backlash. As Myers notes, migration has become Britain's number one political issue, even surpassing economic concerns.

As diplomatic tensions simmer between the US and Europe, the podcast captures a continent at a crossroads—torn between embracing strategic autonomy and maintaining vital economic relationships with America. For leaders like Italy's Giorgia Meloni, this creates a complex balancing act between ideological alignment with American conservatives and protecting an export-led economy that would suffer severely from tariffs.

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The Center for Demographics and Policy focuses on research and analysis of global, national, and regional demographic trends and explores policies that might produce favorable demographic results over time. It involves Chapman students in demographic research under the supervision of the Center’s senior staff.

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For additional information, please contact Mahnaz Asghari, Associate Director for the Center for Demographics and Policy, at (714) 744-7635 or [email protected].

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This show is presented by the Chapman Center for Demographics and Policy, which focuses on research and analysis of global, national and regional demographic trends and explores policies that might produce favorable demographic results over time.