IRMI's Joel Appelbaum interviews Peter Johnson, chief actuary at Spring Consulting Group, about insurer collateral obligations for large deductible and captive reinsurance programs. They discuss how collateral protects insurers financially while enabling organizations to self-insure and reduce market premiums. Peter emphasizes the importance of actuarial expertise, detailing methodologies to calculate collateral requirements and the need for accurate loss development patterns and reserve analyses. The conversation includes case studies showing how to reduce collateral obligations by challenging industry assumptions and using company-specific data. It also covers managing loss development over time, especially for long-tail lines such as workers compensation.