For our last episode of 2024, we're traveling back to 1920s Hollywood with Singin' in the Rain! Join us as we learn about mood music on set, elocution lessons, fan magazines, stunts, and more!

Sources:

Pamela Hutchinson, "The Silent Era Film Stars Who Risked Life and Limb Doing Their Own Stunts," The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2015/sep/07/silent-era-film-stars-risked-their-lives-doing-film-stunts "The Evolution of Stunts: Part I," British Action Academy, available at https://www.britishactionacademy.com/blog/the-action-reel/the-evolution-of-stunts-part-one/

Ronald Haver, "Singin' in the Rain," Criterion Collection (1988), https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/817-singin-in-the-rain Earl Hess and Pratibha Dabholkar, Singin in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece (University of Kansas Press, 2009), https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.1544771 https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/donald-oconnor-singin-in-the-rain-star-dead-at-78 Turner Classic Movies, "Debbie Reynolds Talks About Singin' in the Rain," https://youtu.be/EEizqKN7dpA?si=eiXIx2fvbUig5LgA

Nolan Moore, "The Obscure Accordionist Who Played Mood Music on Silent Film Sets," Atlas Obscura (Sept. 20, 2016). https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-obscure-accordionist-who-played-mood-music-on-silent-film-sets Patrick Miller, "Music and the Silent Film," Perspectives of New Music (1982/3): 582-4. http://www.jstor.com/stable/832894

Pamela Hutchinson, "Photoplay magazine: the birth of celebrity culture," The Guardian 26 January 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2016/jan/26/photoplay-magazine-hollywood-film-studios-stars-celebrity-culture Photoplay [Jul-Dec 1930] | Media History Digital Library

Dan Nosowitz, "How a Fake British Accent Took Old Hollywood by Storm," Atlas Obscura, available at https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/how-a-fake-british-accent-took-old-hollywood-by-storm

This week we're traveling back to 1989 with Lisa Frankstein! Join us as we learn about leg warmers, intuitive people and emotional vampires, the world's biggest contraceptive sponge, tanning beds, and more!

Sources: Tori Telfer, "A Brief History of Leg Warmers," Bustle, available at https://www.bustle.com/articles/29436-whatever-happened-to-leg-warmers-hint-animals Rare Historical Photos, "The Legwarmers Craze of the 1980s," available at https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/legwarmers-fashion-1980s/

Ngram, "Intuitive person:" https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=intuitive+person&year_start=1900&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3&case_insensitive=false https://www.google.com/books/edition/You_the_Healer/-e5fyvbWc9YC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22intuitive%20person%22&pg=PA120&printsec=frontcover NGram, "Emotional vampire," https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=emotional+vampire&year_start=1800&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3 Kurtz, Irma. "INTUITION--You'Ve Got it, use it!" Cosmopolitan 180, no. 2 (02, 1976): 176-180.

D.S. Nachtwey and R.D. Rundel, "A Photobiological Evaluation of Tanning Booths," Science 211, no. 4480 (1981): 405-7. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1685358 Wehner et al, "International Prevalence of Indoor Tanning Systmatic Review and Meta-analysis," JAMA Dermatol. 2014 April ; 150(4): 390–400. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.6896. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_tanning#:~:text=Friedrich%20Wolff%2C%20a%20German%20scientist,America%20in%20the%20late%201970s. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1903/finsen/biographical/ https://wolffsystem.de/en/history/

Guttmacher Institute, "Trends in Contraceptive Use in the United States, 1982-1995," Available at https://www.guttmacher.org/journals/psrh/1998/01/trends-contraceptive-use-united-states-1982-1995 CDC, "Use of Contraception in the United States, 1982-2008", available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_23/sr23_029.pdf

Rogerebert.com Review: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/lisa-frankenstein-movie-review-2024 Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/lisa_frankenstein Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_Frankenstein

This week we're traveling back to 1920s England with Wicked Little Letters! Join us as we learn about the real women who appear as characters in this movie, including Edith Swan, Rose Gooding, and Police Officer Gladys Moss!

Sources: Audrey Cartron, Women in the Police Forces in Britain, 1880-1931, MA thesis, full text available at https://library.college.police.uk/docs/theses/CARTRON-Women-in-the-police-forces-in-Britain-1880-1931.pdf Sislin Fay Allen, National Archives: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/significant-people-collection/sislin-fay-allen/ History of Women in Policing, Manchester City Archives: https://gmpmuseum.co.uk/collection-item/history-of-women-in-policing/ "UK's First Asian Female Police Officer Remembered by Met Police," BBC, available at https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-55886983

"Wicked little letters: the Littlehampton libel case," The National Archives, https://beta.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/explore-by-time-period/interwar/wicked-little-letters-the-littlehampton-libel-case/ Victor Bailey, review Bee Wilson, "Merely a Warning that a Noun is Coming," London Review of Books 40, no.2 (2018). https://beta.nationalarchives.gov.uk/media/images/edith-swan-indictment-first-t.max-1024x1024.format-webp.webp https://www.findmypast.com/blog/history/wicked-little-letters

Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicked_Little_Letters RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/wicked_little_letters BBC Radio 1, ""F*****' BOOM!" Olivia Colman and Jessie Buckley on pigeon impressions and Wicked Little Letters," https://youtu.be/bdrRjdjkhpo?si=LbFtL_j55SCbYxqZ

This week we're traveling back to 1970 with Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret! Join us as we learn about Earth Day, female cantors, espadrilles, supermodels, adhesive pads, and more!

Sources:

Sources: Kathleen Horton, "The Story of. . . The Supermodel," The Conversation, available at https://theconversation.com/the-story-of-the-supermodel-26388 Sarah Lindig and Natalie Matthews, "The Evolution of the Supermodel," Elle, availble at https://www.elle.com/fashion/g28495/evolution-of-the-supermodel/?slide=25 Google Ngram, "Supermodel": https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=supermodel&year_start=1800&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3

Ellen Burney, "A brief history of espadrilles: From humble origins to fashion must-have," Vogue India (9 August 2018). https://www.vogue.in/content/brief-history-espadrilles-humble-origins-fashion-must https://www.whowhatwear.com/audrey-hepburn-sabrina-style https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/news/a57038/espadrilles-history-revolution-basque-stylish/

https://www.earthday.org/history/ https://youtu.be/WbwC281uzUs and https://youtu.be/y3RCPAtmpv8?si=jC7VQVR0bK3iY04y

Jackie Hajdenberg, "Meet the Real-Life Rabbi in the Synagogue Scene in 'Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret," Jerusalem Post, available at https://www.jpost.com/j-spot/article-741919#google_vignette On Rosh Hashanah, Meet the Woman Who Made History as the First Female Cantor, Time Magazine, available at https://time.com/4512240/rosh-hashanah-first-woman-cantor/ Irene Heskes, "Cantors: American Jewish Women," Available at https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/cantors-american-jewish-women#:~:text=Among%20the%20most%20famous%20of,1987)%2C%20Goldie%20Malavsky%20(1923

Helen King, https://theconversation.com/from-rags-and-pads-to-the-sanitary-apron-a-brief-history-of-period-products-203451 http://www.mum.org/sanapron.htm https://nyamcenterforhistory.org/2016/03/04/solving-womans-oldest-hygienic-problem-in-a-new-way-a-history-of-period-products/ Kat Eschner, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/surprising-origins-kotex-pads-180964466/

Kate Erbland, "Five Decades, Generations of Women, and One Letter: Making the Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret Movie," IndieWire, available at https://www.indiewire.com/features/interviews/are-you-there-god-its-me-margaret-movie-interview-1234831555/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Are_You_There_God%3F_It's_Me%2C_Margaret._(film)

This week we're traveling back to 1990s Miami with Wasp Network! Join us as we learn about terrorist attacks on Cuban resorts, the Angola Crisis, that McDonald's in Guantanamo Bay, and more!

Sources:

Central Intelligence Agency National Foreign Assessment Center, "An Analysis of Cuban Military Intervention in Angola and Ethiopia," 31 October 1978, available at https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80T00634A000400010046-2.pdf "Angola, Independence and Civil War," Britannica, available at https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war The Angola Crisis, 1974-1975, Office of the Historian, available at https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/angola

A.C. Grimes, "The Surprising Location Of Cuba's Only McDonald's," Mashed (9 January 2021). https://www.mashed.com/309819/the-surprising-location-of-cubas-only-mcdonalds/ Lyle Rexer and Jason Oddy, "Outside the Law: Inside Guantanamo," Aperture 179 (2005): 32-9.

Salim Lamrani, "The Case of the Five Cuban Political Prisoners," Cuba, the Media, and the Challenge of Impartiality (NYU Press, 2015). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1287jk0.11 Salim Lamrani, "Economic Sanctions from Dwight D. Eisenhower to Barack Obama," The Economic War Against Cuba (NYU Press, 2013). https://www.jstor.ort/stable/j.ctt9qgg7f.7 Holly Ackerman, "The Balsero Phenomenon, 1991-1994," Cuban Studies 26 (1996): 169-200. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24487714 Rosie Gray, "Relative Says Families Of Slain "Brothers To The Rescue" Weren't Warned Of Cuban Spy Release," BuzzFeedNews (23 December 2014). https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/rosiegray/relative-says-families-of-slain-brothers-to-the-rescue-weren

"Exile Groups Said to Be Planning Attacks on Cuban Resorts," Tampa Bay Times, available at https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1994/07/23/exile-groups-said-to-be-planning-attack-on-cuban-resorts/ "Summary of Main Terrorist Actions Against Cuba, 1990-2000," available at https://www.canadiannetworkoncuba.ca/Documents/terror-summary.shtml ". 216. Memorandum From Viron P. Vaky of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs, Office of the Historian, available at https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve10/d216 " Winston Cho, "Netflix Settles Defamation Suit Brought By Cuban Exiles Over Spy Thriller 'Wasp Network'," The Hollywood Reporter (24 January 2024). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/netflix-settles-defamation-suit-brought-cuban-exiles-wasp-network-1235806098/ Brian Tallerico, "Wasp Network," RogerEbert.com (19 June 2020), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/wasp-network-movie-review-2020 Arantxa Tirado and Simon Vazquez, "Wasp Network Is a Rare Movie That Doesn't Paint Cubans as Cartoonish Villains," Jacobin (11 August 2020). https://jacobin.com/2020/08/wasp-network-five-cuban-revolution Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasp_Network_(film) Hollywood Reporter interview: https://youtu.be/T0f1hhx4xvo?si=DZfh5zqnHkVWAK7d Interview with Rene Gonzalez and Gerardo Hernandez: https://youtu.be/o4pWqTSwidI?si=C_-YORb1uzpOxmkq

This week we're traveling back to 1920s Minnesota with Sweet Land! Join us as we learn about immigrant marriages, German acceptance in Minnesota, English-only churches, and more! We also debut the new Tina Belcher Film Grading Scale, and award this film a respectable score of Two Butts.

Sources:

La Vern J. Rippley, "Conflict in the Classroom: Anti-Germanism in Minnesota Schools, 1917-19," Minnesota History 47, no.5 (1981): 170-83. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20178699 Tina Steward Brakebill, "From "German Days" to "100 Percent Americanism": McLean County, Illinois 1913-1918: German Americans, World War One, and One Community's Reaction." Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 95, no. 2 (2002): 148-171. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40193520 Ehsan Alam, "Anti-German Nativism, 1917-1919," MNOpedia, https://www.mnopedia.org/anti-german-nativism-1917-1919 Becky Little, https://www.history.com/news/anti-german-sentiment-wwi https://blogs.loc.gov/international-collections/2022/09/german-immigration-loclrblogint/

Mark Kuss, "Hey Man! Watch Your Language: Treatment of Germans and German Americans in New Orleans during World War I," Louisiana History 56, no.2 (2015): 178-98. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24396453 Paul Ramsey, ""The War against German-American Culture: The Removal of German-Language Instruction from the Indianapolis Schools, 1917–1919." Indiana Magazine of History 98, no. 4 (2002): 285-303. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27792420 Elizabeth Dorsey Hatle and Nancy M. Vaillancourt, "One Flag, One School, One Language: Minnesota's Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s." Minnesota History 61, no. 8 (2009): 360-371. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40543955

Gary Marks, Matthew Burbank, "Immigrant Support for the American Socialist Party, 1912 and 1920," https://www.jstor.org/stable/1171437

"Go West, Young Woman! An Exploration of Mail Order Brides in America." Smithsonian, available at https://postalmuseum.si.edu/research-articles/go-west-young-woman Isabel Kaprielian-Churchill, "Armenian Refugee Women: The Picture Brides, 1920-1930," Journal of American Ethnic History (Spring 93) Marian L. Smith, "'Any Woman Who is Now or May Hereafter Be Married': Women and Naturalization, ca 1802-1940," Genealogy Notes 30, 2 (1998) Seema Sohi, "Barred Zones, Rising Tides, and Radical Struggles: The Antiradical and Anti-Asian Dimensions of the 1917 Immigration Act," Journal of American History (2022)

Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_Land IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0428038/ https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-nov-16-wk-movie16-story.html

This week we're going back to postwar Tokyo with Godzilla Minus One! Join us as we learn about the rebuilding of Ginza, war orphans, sea mine removal, how Godzilla stands upright in the water, and more!

Sources: "Ginza," Tokyo Official Website: https://www.ginza.jp/en/history/2#:~:text=As%20early%20as%20April%2C%201946,Ginza%20%2Ddori%20during%20this%20festival.&text=In%20addition%20to%20the%20regular,goods%20to%20the%20US%20troops. "Post-war Ginza," Old Tokyo, available at https://www.oldtokyo.com/post-war-ginza-1945/ "The Lost Metropolis: 1930s Tokyo Street Life in Pictures," The Guardian available at https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2019/may/17/the-lost-metropolis-1930s-tokyo-street-life-kineo-kuwabara-in-pictures

US Naval Institute, "Success Meant Death: An Interview with Kaoru Hasegawa," available at https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/1995/october/success-meant-death-interview-kaoru-hasegawa Richard Lloyd-Parry, "Survivor Shame," The Independent, available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/survivor-shame-1592965.html Roger B. Jeans, "Victims or Victimizers? Museums, Textbooks, and the War Debate in Contemporary Japan," Journal of Military History 69, 1 (2005) Lili van der Does-Ishikawa, "Contested Memories of the Kamikaze and the Self-Representations of Tokko-Tai Youth in Their Missives Home," Japan Forum 27, 3 (2015) John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. WW Norton, 2000.

Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "The Origins and Plight of Sensō Koji (War Orphans) In Postwar Japan," APJIF, 18, iss. 13, no.1 (2020). https://apjjf.org/2020/13/tamanoi Robert Efirt, "Japan's "War Orphans": Identification and State Responsibility," The Journal of Japanese Studies 34, no.2 (2008): 363-88. http://www.jstor.com/stable/27756572 Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "Memory Map 3: Orphans' Memories," Memory Maps: The State and Manchuria in Postwar Japan (University of Hawai'i Press, 2009), 84-114. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt6wqrg5.7

Sheldon Garon, "Operation STARVATION, 1945: A Transnational History of Blockades and the Defeat of Japan," The International History Review 46, no.4 (2024): 535-50. Michael Sturma, "Mopping Up," in Surface and Destroy: The Submarine Gun War in the Pacific (University Press of Kentucky, 2011). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcr03.13 John S. Chilstrom, Mines Away! The Significance of U.S. Army Air Forces Minelaying in World War II (Air University Press, 1992). John S. Chilsstrom, "A Test for Joint Ops: USAAF Bombing Doctrine and the Aerial Minelaying Mission," Air Power History 40, no.1 (1993): 35-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26279445 Lieut. Commander Arnold S. Lott, USN, "Japan's Nightmare--Mine Blockade," U.S. Naval Institute, Vol. 85/11/681 (November 1959). https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1959/november/japans-nightmare-mine-blockade https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/society/general-news/20231003-140471/ https://www.state.gov/dipnote-u-s-department-of-state-official-blog/investing-in-the-future-of-the-pacific-u-s-assistance-continues-to-address-wwii-era-explosive-hazards/ https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15088407

RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla_minus_one Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Minus_One https://variety.com/2024/artisans/news/godzilla-minus-one-visual-effects-water-scene-610-shots-1235891768/ Oscar win: https://youtu.be/h3q7SaXhCPE?si=dSEUEIhlPD9g2xEU

This week we're traveling back to 1960s Congo with The Siege of Jadotville! Join us as we learn about General Tshombe, Dag Hammarsjkold, UN forces in Jadotville, uranium mining, and more!

Sources:

Frank Swain, "The forgotten mine that built the atomic bomb," BBC (2020). https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200803-the-forgotten-mine-that-built-the-atomic-bomb Moore, W. Robert. "White Magic in the Belgian Congo: Tribesmen Mine Uranium, Run Machines, Study Modern Medicine as Booming Trade Opens Up the Vast Colony's Resources." National Geographic Magazine, March 1952, [321]+. National Geographic Virtual Library (accessed August 1, 2024). Susan Williams, "How a rich uranium mine thrust the Congo into the centre of the Cold War," The Conversation (2016). https://theconversation.com/how-a-rich-uranium-mine-thrust-the-congo-into-the-centre-of-the-cold-war-64761 Tom Zoellner, "A (Radioactive) Cut in the Earth That Will Not Stay Closed," Scientific American (2009). https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-radioactive-cut-that-will-not-stay-closed/

"Dag Hammarskjold," United Nations, available at https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dag/time1961.htm Emma Graham-Harrison et al, "RAF Veteran 'Admitted 1961 Killing of Secretary-General," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/12/raf-veteran-admitted-killing-un-secretary-general-dag-hammarskjold-in-1961 "Interview with Secretary General," British Pathe, available at https://youtu.be/5mdY-RE3ZEg?si=7R8VBeQ-KdyYe3XH Mads Brugger, "Cold Case Hammarskjold," Magnolia Pictures, 2019 "Monday 18 September 1961," Aviation Safety Network, available at https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/333493

Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Siege_of_Jadotville_(film) Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_siege_of_jadotville

Lar Joye, "What's on Film: The Siege of Jadotville," History Ireland 25, no.1 (2017): 50-51. John Terence O'Neill, "The Irish Company at Jadotville, Congo, 1961: Soldiers or Symbols?," International Peacekeeping 9, no. 4 (Winter 2002): 127-144. Narayan Swamy, "Gallant Irish Unit Surrenders," The Times of India, Bombay, September 19, 1961. Frank McNally, "Five Irish soldiers took their own lives after Jadotville siege," The Irish Times (May 15, 2019). https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/five-irish-soldiers-took-their-own-lives-after-jadotville-siege-1.3893633 Security Council official records, 16th year : 973rd meeting, 13 November 1961, New York; United Nations Digital Library, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/631329?ln=en&v=pdf Report to the Secretary-General from his Special Representative in the Congo regarding Mr. Patrice Lumumba; https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/630673?ln=en&v=pdf Evening star. (Washington, D.C.), 26 Sept. 1961. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1961-09-26/ed-1/seq-3/ https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/onucF.html Isaac Chotiner, "The Real Story Behind Patrice Lumumba's Assassination," The New Yorker, October 30, 2023. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/11/06/the-lumumba-plot-the-secret-history-of-the-cia-and-a-cold-war-assassination-stuart-a-reid-book-review

Jiwon Amy Yoo, "Moise Kapenda Tshombe," Blackpast.org, available at https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/tshombe-moise-kapenda-1919-1969/

This week we're traveling back to 1940s Venice with A Haunting in Venice! Join us as we learn about mad honey, When the Lights Go On Again, the liberation of Bergen-Belsen, Meet Me In St. Louis, and more!

Sources: Gunduz, Abdülkadir;Şimşek, Perihan;Ayaz, Faik Ahmet, "Worldwide Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Mad Honey Poisoning Cases," Central European Journal of Public Health (March 2023) Niko Vorobyov, "What It's Like Tripping on Mad Honey, the Hallucinogen That is (Maybe) an Aphrodisiac," Salon, 2022, available at https://www.salon.com/2022/04/10/what-its-like-tripping-on-mad-honey-the-hallucinogen-that-maybe-is-an-aphrodisiac/ Mad Honey, Atlas Obscura, available at https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/mad-honey-red-hallucinogen

Imperial War Museum, Collection of Accounts: https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-liberation-of-bergen-belsen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_the_Lights_Go_On_Again The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.), 10 Nov. 1944. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014085/1944-11-10/ed-1/seq-12/ The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.), 29 May 1943. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045324/1943-05-29/ed-1/seq-12/ https://genius.com/Vera-lynn-when-the-lights-go-on-again-lyrics

"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24508 MOVIES AT WAR Other title:Film Bulletin, no. 107 (1943)" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet_Me_in_St._Louis

Matt Zoller Seitz, "A Haunting in Venice," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-movie-review-2023 Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Haunting_in_Venice Justin Chang, "The big twist in 'A Haunting in Venice'? It's actually a great film," NPR, https://www.npr.org/2023/09/22/1201010896/a-haunting-in-venice-review-agatha-christie-hercule-poirot https://variety.com/2023/film/news/haunting-in-venice-producer-more-poirot-movies-tina-fey-1235726819/ Todd Gilchrist, "'A Haunting in Venice' Review: Kenneth Branagh Brings a Supernatural Dimension to His Hercule Poirot Series," Variety (Sep. 9, 2023). https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-review-kenneth-branagh-1235717211/

This week we're going back to 1930s-1950s Spain with The Endless Trench! Join us as we learn about Franco on the radio, attacks on hermitages during the Spanish Civil War, Eisenhower's visits to Spain, and more!

Sources:

Christy Lemire review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/saltburn-movie-review-2023 Julius Ruiz, The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War: Revolutionary Violence in Madrid (Cambridge University Press, 2014). Julian Casanova, The Spanish Republic and Civil War (Cambridge University Press, 2012). Raymond Carr, Spain: A History (Oxford University Press, 2000).

https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/toasts-the-president-and-general-francisco-franco-spain-state-dinner-madrid Exchange of Letters Between the President and the Chief of State, General Franco, of Spain, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/exchange-letters-between-the-president-and-the-chief-state-general-franco-spain https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/spain Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 21 Dec. 1959. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1959-12-21/ed-1/seq-6/

Victory Speech Excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMN6JhL1yGQ Salvador Gomez Garcia et al, "The Sound Portrait of a Dictator: A Study of Franco's Image in Radio Nacional de Espana," Media History 28, 2 (2022)

Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_endless_trench Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Endless_Trench

"Gendered Violence," Spanish Civil War Virtual Museum, available at https://www.vscw.ca/en/node/9#:~:text=The%20shaving%20of%20women's%20heads,Guards%20and%20other%20police%20forces . Laura Munoz-Enciar, "Unearthing Gendered Repression: An Analysis of Violence Suffered by Women During the Civil War and Franco's Dictatorship in Southwestern Spain," World Archaeology (2019)