Complete examination of all systems is essential to detect peripheral and systemic effects of cardiac disorders and evidence of noncardiac disorders that might affect the heart. Examination includes the following: vital signs measurement, ย pulse palpation and auscultation, vein observation, chest inspection, and palpation, cardiac percussion, palpation, and auscultation, lung examination, including percussion, palpation, and auscultation, extremity and abdomen examination.