On this episode of the Energy Security Cubed Podcast, Joe Calnan and Kelly Ogle interview Tom Kloza about U.S. refineries and why Canadian oil is needed in the United States.

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For the intro, Kelly and Joe talk about Doug Ford's surcharge on electricity exports to the U.S. and what it means for North-South electricity trade.

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Guest Bio:

- Tom Kloza is Global Head of Energy Analysis at OPIS

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Host Bio:

- Kelly Ogle is Managing Director of the Canadian Global Affairs Institute

- Joe Calnan is an Energy Security Analyst and Energy Security Forum Manager at the Canadian Global Affairs Institute

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Reading recommendations:

- "The Bee Sting: A Novel", by Paul Murray: https://www.amazon.ca/Bee-Sting-Novel-Paul-Murray/dp/0374600309

- "The Nix", by Nathan Hill: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/530893/the-nix-by-nathan-hill/9781101970348

- "The Signal and the Noise: Why So Many Predictions Fail--but Some Don't", by Nate Silver: https://www.amazon.ca/Signal-Noise-Many-Predictions-Fail-but/dp/0143125087

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Interview recording Date: March 6, 2025

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Energy Security Cubed is part of the CGAI Podcast Network. Follow the Canadian Global Affairs Institute on Facebook, Twitter (@CAGlobalAffairs), or on LinkedIn. Head over to our website at www.cgai.ca for more commentary.

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Produced by Joe Calnan. Music credits to Drew Phillips.