Sunday Dive

Ep. 192 - Sheep Without a Shepherd: Why Jesus Chose the Twelve


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Jesus looks upon the crowds and sees sheep without a shepherd—and in a bold move, calls and commissions the Twelve to become apostles, not just disciples. We’ll dig deep into the structural brilliance of Matthew’s Gospel, unpacking its connection to the five Mosaic books, and trace the Old Testament echoes from Ezekiel’s warning to corrupt priests all the way to Christ’s own priestly and kingly authority. Along the way, we'll make surprising connections between Jewish harvest festivals, the rebuilding of the Temple, and Peter's explosive vision for the Church. Join us as we wade into the literary, historical, and cultural streams that erupt in this pivotal moment: the sending of the first apostles as laborers into God’s harvest.

Diving deep into our Gospel we'll spend our episode looking closer at:

  • The intentional structure of Matthew’s Gospel mirroring the five books of Moses and the way this shapes the missionary discourse [08:12]
  • The direct allusion Jesus makes to Ezekiel 34 and how the condemnation of corrupt Old Testament priests shines a new light on the mission of the apostles [19:07]
  • The surprising reason Pharisees, not priests, exerted spiritual influence in Jesus’s time, and how this is rooted in first-century Jewish religious corruption [25:03]
  • How the roles of priest and shepherd converge in the figure of David and are fulfilled by Christ as both the new high priest and shepherd-king of Israel [27:23]
  • Why the harvest imagery in Jesus’s words would have reminded Jewish listeners of the Feast of Booths and its Second-Temple-era association with rebuilding the temple [37:00]
  • The instant disciples become apostles through the gift of authority—and why Scripture gives no explanation for their selection apart from Jesus’s will [43:06]
  • The fascinating naval roots of the Greek word for "apostle," and how this watery imagery seeps into both the makeup of the apostles and the layout of the Church itself [43:33]
  • The echo of Isaiah’s “come without money” in Jesus’s command to “give without pay,” revealing the radical generosity underlying the apostolic mission [48:37]
  • For the full show notes including references and small group discussion questions, visit: kptz.io/11OT-A26

    Join Katie's weekly newsletter and get a free audio download of her popular talk, Bible 101: A Crash Course in Scripture. Visit www.sundaydive.com/bible101

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    Sunday DiveBy Katie Patrizio

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