Copyright is inherently intertwined with the development of technology and none more so than the advent of the Internet and sharing technologies. Social media platforms have become the latest challenge for copyright law and policy. Hayleigh Bosher builds on the literature that recognises the underlying conflict between copyright and social networking sites (SNSs); namely that the basic implication of copyright is the restriction of copying, whereas the ethos of social networking is the promotion of sharing.

The rise of new independent Indian cinema is a widely acknowledged yet unfathomably understudied phenomenon. Ashvin Devasundaram discusses India’s New Independent Cinema, the first academic analysis on the topic, designed to serve as a bellwether for future research in this area.

Kate Fletcher discusses how lifecycle sustainability impacts of fashion and textiles, practical alternatives, design concepts and social innovation. She challenges existing ideas about the scope and potential of sustainability issues in fashion and textiles, and sets out a more pluralistic, engaging and forward-looking picture, drawing on ideas of systems thinking, human needs, local products, slow fashion and participatory design, as well as knowledge of materials.

Part of our Bank of England Partnership: In the intermediation of loanable funds model of banking, banks accept deposits of pre-existing real resources from savers and then lend them to borrowers. In the real world, banks provide financing through money creation. That is they create deposits of new money through lending, and in doing so are mainly constrained by profitability and solvency considerations. Michael Kumhof contrasts simple intermediation and financing models of banking. Compared to otherwise identical intermediation models, and following identical shocks, financing models predict changes in bank lending that are far larger, happen much faster, and have much greater effects on the real economy. Michael Kumhof is Senior Research Advisor in the Research Hub. He is responsible for co-leading this new unit, and for helping to formulate and carry out key parts of its research agenda. His previous position was Deputy Division Chief, Economic Modelling Division, IMF, where his responsibilities included the development of the IMF’s global DSGE simulation model. His main research interests are the quantitative evaluation of monetary reform proposals, modelling the role of banks in the macro-economy, the role of economic inequality in causing imbalances and crises, and the macroeconomic effects of fossil fuel depletion. Michael taught economics at Stanford University from 1998 to 2004. He worked in corporate banking for Barclays Bank from 1988 to 1993. His work has been published by AER, JME, AEJ Macro, JIE, JEDC, JMCB, EER, and Journal of Macroeconomics, among others.

Part of our Bank of England Partnership: Misa Tanaka examines the channels via which climate change and policies to mitigate it could affect a central bank’s ability to meet its monetary and financial stability objectives. Misa Tanaka is the Head of Research at the Bank of England. She joined the Bank of England in 2002 after completing a D.Phil in Economics at Nuffield College, University of Oxford. She has held a number of positions across Monetary Analysis, Financial Stability, and Prudential Policy Areas of the Bank. Misa has previously published articles on international policy spillovers, bonus regulations, and sovereign debt finance in Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Journal of Financial Intermediation, and Economic Journal, amongst others. Misa’s current research interests include macroprudential policy, microprudential policy and the impact climate change on the financial system.

The figure of the vampire serves as both object and mode of analysis for more than a century of Hollywood filmmaking. Never dying, shifting shape and moving at unnatural speed, as the vampire renews itself by drinking victims’ blood, so too does Hollywood renew itself by consuming foreign styles and talent, moving to overseas locations, and proliferating in new guises.

Capitalism has co-existed with many different kinds of states, from Victorian Britain to republican France and confederate Switzerland, from Fascist and Nazi regimes to post-war European democracies, from post-Meiji Japan to south-east Asian and Latin American dictatorships, communist China and even Russia. Donald Sassoon is Emeritus Professor of Comparative European History at Queen Mary College, London.

With the rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire increasing numbers of educated people converted to this new belief. As Christianity did not have its own educational institutions the issue of how to harmonize pagan education and Christian convictions became increasingly pressing. Karla Pollmann is the Dean of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Bristol. Pollmann is a leading authority on the work of Augustine and a world-leader in the study of his influence across the ages. She has written widely on interdisciplinary projects combining Classics, Theology, Philosophy, Cultural History, Literature and Reception Studies.

Irene Schwab, UCL Insitute of Education, duscisses the role of Initial Teacher Education in the formation of adult literacy teachers' beliefs and practices in the teaching of reading.