Fragmented - AI Developer Podcast

Fragmented - AI Developer Podcast

By Kaushik Gopal, Iury SouzaScienceTechnologyEducation
Download on the App Store

Fragmented - AI Developer Podcast episodes

  • 311 - Self learning harnesses are here

    Claude Code and Codex have been the mainstay agent harnesses, with OpenCode and Pi as the popular open-source alternatives. But two new entries are pushing what a harness even is: DeepSeek's Cordis kernel, where everything — down to the agent loop itself — is a plugin you can hot-swap at runtime, and Prime Agent, an RLM-based harness that treats sub-agents and context as function calls in a live REPL. We break down what actually makes each one different.

    Full shownotes: https://fragmentedpodcast.com/episodes/311

    13 min
  • 310 - Mitchell Hashimoto on Ghostty & His Agentic Coding Workflow

    Mitchell Hashimoto co-founded HashiCorp, built some of the most impressive DevOps tools like Vagrant and Terraform, sold the company to IBM — and then built a terminal. Ghostty is now where a huge chunk of agentic coding actually happens. Mitchell was an AI skeptic. We walk through his six-step adoption framework and the workflows he uses day to day — warm-start research, Hail Mary prompts across twenty GitHub issues, and knowing when to let the agent slam dunk it.

    Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

    Show Notes
    • HashiCorp
      • Vagrant
      • Terraform
      • IBM acquires Hashicorp
      • Ghostty
        • Ghostty - Mitchell's fast, native terminal built for platform integration across Mac and Linux
        • Terminal shell
        • SSH - secure shell
        • PTY - pseudoterminals
        • Terminal Multiplexers
          • tmux - most popular open source one
          • XTGETTCAP by xterm
          • libghostty - the cross-platform terminal emulation library that powers Ghostty's core
          • xterm-js - powers terminal for apps like VSCode and the cloud
          • Jedi Term - Intellij's embedded terminal
          • Ghostty is now a non-profit
          • cmux - native macOS terminal
          • multiplexer built on libghostty — a fork Mitchell champions
          • Free Software Definition -
          • the 4 essential freedoms
            1. The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose.
            2. The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do
            3. what you wish.
            4. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others.
            5. The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.
            6. Mitchell's tweet on unsolicited PRs and transfer of ownership
            7. The AI Adoption Journey
              • My AI Adoption Journey -
              • Mitchell's blog post outlining his five-step framework
              • Step 1: Drop the Chatbot
                • Episode 301 - AI Coding ladder - Different stages of AI
                • adoption
                • Step 2: Reproduce Your Own Work
                • Step 3: End-of-Day Agents
                  • OpenAI Deep Research -
                  • kick off research tasks for a "warm start" the next morning
                  • Spine AI research - deep research tool for
                  • longer, hour-long analysis tasks
                  • Step 4: Outsource the Slam Dunks
                    • Claude status hooks - warcraft peons
                    • Conductor
                    • Step 5: Engineer the Harness
                      • Episode 307 - Harness Engineering - Fragmented's deep dive
                      • on harness engineering, heavily inspired by Mitchell's post
                      • Step 6: Always have an Agent running
                      • Peter Steinberger
                      • Codex plugin for Claude Code
                      • Get in touch

                        We'd love to hear from you. Email is the best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other ways.

                        We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like to hear more on.

                        • Contact us
                        • Newsletter
                        • Youtube
                        • Website
                        • Co-hosts:
                          • Kaushik Gopal
                          • Iury Souza
                          • [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                            Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind

                            our new direction.

                            1 hr
                          • 309 - Background Agents

                            Andrej Karpathy says the goal is to maximize how long an agent runs without your intervention. But there's a false summit most teams hit first: individual speed goes up while system speed stalls, your laptop roars under four parallel Gradle builds, and review queues back up. Kaushik and Iury trace the full arc — from local multitasking to cloud-hosted async work to fully autonomous agents that fire on repo events and put PRs in your inbox.

                            Show Notes
                            • Andrej Karpathy on agents and token throughput - NoPriors podcast — maximize agent runtime, not token burn
                            • Cursor Agent Mode - Multiagent interface - introduced the multi-agent board as a new paradigm for local parallel agents
                            • Google Antigravity - Agent Manager interface
                            • Claude Code Agent Teams - spawn
                            • sub-agents from a main orchestrator, with tmux pane integration
                            • Git worktrees - /reddit
                            • Remote Background Agents in the cloud
                              • Google Jules - hosted GitHub-connected agent,
                              • proposes a plan, edits code, runs tests, opens a PR
                              • Cursor Cloud Agents - remote agents
                              • that clone your repo in the cloud and work in parallel
                              • OpenAI Codex - cloud software
                              • engineering agent for parallel tasks
                              • Claude Code on the web - cloud-hosted Claude Code
                              • sessions decoupled from your local machine
                                Building trust
                                • Episode 307 - Harness Engineering - the earlier episode on
                                • shaping agent environments — and why this ceiling exists
                                  Get in touch

                                  We'd love to hear from you. Email is the best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other ways.

                                  We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like to hear more on.

                                  • Contact us
                                  • Newsletter
                                  • Youtube
                                  • Website
                                  • Co-hosts:
                                    • Kaushik Gopal
                                    • Iury Souza
                                    • [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind

                                      our new direction.

                                      26 min
                                    • 308 - How Image Diffusion Models Work - the 20 minute explainer

                                      You already know how LLMs work from our popular 20-minute explainer. Now we take it to images. What does Michelangelo have to do with stable diffusion? More than you'd think. Walk away knowing how image generation actually works — and what it has in common with the text models you already understand.

                                      Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                      Show Notes
                                      • Episode 303 - How LLMs work in 20 minutes - text generation
                                      • VAE -
                                        Variational Autoencoder
                                      • RGB Color model - wikipedia
                                      • Word2Vec technique - wikipedia
                                        • Efficient Estimation of Word Representation -
                                        • original Word2Vec paper by Mikolov et al.
                                        • High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models -
                                        • Rombach et al. (2022) — the paper behind Stable Diffusion
                                        • Image Training data
                                          • LAION-5B - 5 billion image-text pairs
                                          • scraped from the web, used to train many image generation models
                                          • WebLI - Google's internal image-text
                                          • dataset
                                          • Michelangelo
                                          • Get in touch

                                            We'd love to hear from you. Email is the

                                            best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                            ways.

                                            We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like

                                            to hear more on.

                                            • Contact us
                                            • Newsletter
                                            • Youtube
                                            • Website
                                            • Co-hosts:
                                              • Kaushik Gopal
                                              • Iury Souza
                                              • [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind

                                                our new direction.

                                                25 min
                                              • 307 - Harness Engineering - the hard part of AI coding

                                                The hard part of AI coding isn't generating code — it's controlling quality, safety, and drift. Kaushik and Iury break down harness engineering: the five pillars for shaping an agent's environment and what it looks like when teams build custom harnesses from scratch.

                                                Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                                Show Notes
                                                Why it matters
                                                • Harness Engineering -
                                                • OpenAI's post on building their Codex codebase (~1M lines of code, 1,500 PRs
                                                  merged, zero manually written)
                                                  Shaping the harness
                                                  • The Feed's Lost and Found -
                                                  • Iury's newsletter consolidating harness engineering themes
                                                    1. Agent legibility
                                                    2. Closed feedback loops
                                                    3. Persistent memory
                                                    4. Entropy control
                                                    5. Blast radius controls
                                                    6. Building the harness
                                                      • Minions: Stripe's one-shot, end-to-end coding agents -
                                                      • Stripe forked Goose to build custom agents for their codebase
                                                      • Goose - open-source coding agent from Block
                                                      • Superpowers by Jesse Vincent - skills
                                                      • that enforce a proper software engineering process
                                                      • Open Code - open-source coding agent you can fork and
                                                      • customize
                                                        Other resources
                                                        • Agent Harness Glossary -
                                                        • Latent Patterns
                                                        • Towards self-driving codebases -
                                                        • Cursor
                                                        • Agentic Workflows -
                                                        • GitHub Next
                                                        • Future of Software Development -
                                                        • ThoughtWorks
                                                          Get in touch

                                                          We'd love to hear from you. Email is the

                                                          best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                          ways.

                                                          We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like

                                                          to hear more on.

                                                          • Contact us
                                                          • Newsletter
                                                          • Youtube
                                                          • Website
                                                          • Co-hosts:
                                                            • Kaushik Gopal
                                                            • Iury Souza
                                                            • [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                              Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind

                                                              our new direction.

                                                              30 min
                                                            • 306 - Keeping your agent instructions in sync and effective

                                                              AGENTS.md is becoming the common language for AI coding tools, but keeping repo

                                                              rules, personal rules, and tool-specific files in sync is still messy. In this
                                                              episode, Kaushik and Iury break down the sync problem, compare their own setups,
                                                              and unpack what the latest AGENTS.md research actually says.

                                                              Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                                              Show Notes
                                                              The sync problem
                                                              • AGENTS.md - Official spec
                                                              • Custom instructions with AGENTS.md -
                                                              • Open AI
                                                              • Keep your AGENTS.md in sync - Kaushik's post
                                                              • Rulesync - What Iury uses
                                                              • Tweet by Ryan Carson and Claude frustrations
                                                              • Other links
                                                                • Evaluating AGENTS.md: Are Repository-Level Context Files Helpful for Coding Agents?
                                                                • Harness engineering - Check the section about using AGENTS.md as a table of contents
                                                                • OpenCode
                                                                • Get in touch

                                                                  We'd love to hear from you. Email is the

                                                                  best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                                  ways.

                                                                  We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like

                                                                  to hear more on.

                                                                  • Contact us
                                                                  • Newsletter
                                                                  • Youtube
                                                                  • Website
                                                                  • Co-hosts:
                                                                    • Kaushik Gopal
                                                                    • Iury Souza
                                                                    • [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind

                                                                      our new direction.

                                                                      24 min
                                                                    • 305 - Subagents explained - What they are, when (not) to spawn them

                                                                      Subagents are becoming a core primitive for serious AI-assisted development. In this episode, Kaushik and Iury disambiguate "agent" terminology, unpack plan mode vs subagents, and explain how parallel, scoped workers improve research quality without polluting the main thread.

                                                                      Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                                                      Show NotesResources & DocumentationOfficial Documentation

                                                                      Agents, Modes, Subagents: official harness docs

                                                                      • Claude Code Subagents
                                                                      • Gemini CLI Subagents
                                                                      • Opencode Subagents
                                                                      • Cursor Subagents
                                                                      • Antigravity Agent Modes
                                                                      • AOE Scouting
                                                                      Research Papers & Articles
                                                                      • Introducing Claude Opus 4.5
                                                                      • Deep-Research Agents Paper
                                                                      • Post: GPT-5 System Card by Alex
                                                                        Xu
                                                                      • Self-Driving Codebases Blog -
                                                                        multi-agent systems making 1,000 commits/hour
                                                                      Get in touch

                                                                      We'd love to hear from you. Email is the
                                                                      best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                                      ways.

                                                                      We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like
                                                                      to hear more on.

                                                                      • Contact us
                                                                      • Newsletter
                                                                      • Youtube
                                                                      • Website
                                                                      Co-hosts:
                                                                      • Kaushik Gopal
                                                                      • Iury Souza

                                                                      [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind
                                                                      our new direction.

                                                                      27 min
                                                                    • 304 - Agent Skills - when to use them and why they matter

                                                                      Agent Skills look simple, but they are one of the most powerful building blocks
                                                                      in modern AI coding workflows. In this episode, Kaushik and Iury break down when
                                                                      to use skills, how progressive disclosure works, and how skills compare with
                                                                      commands, instructions, and MCPs.

                                                                      Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                                                      Show NotesMain References
                                                                      • Progressive Disclosure -
                                                                        how skills are loaded into context
                                                                      • Agent Skills Open Specification
                                                                      • AAIF (Agentic AI Foundation) -
                                                                        Linux Foundation initiative for AI interoperability
                                                                      • Needle in a Haystack Problem - original
                                                                        "Lost in the Middle" paper
                                                                      • Agent-Invokable vs User-Invokable -
                                                                        merging skills and commands in Claude Code
                                                                      Creating Skills
                                                                      • Skill Creator -
                                                                        Anthropic's skill for creating new agent skills
                                                                      • Claude Code frontmatter reference
                                                                        • see model: * & context: fork
                                                                      Using other Skills
                                                                      • Anthropic Skills GitHub Repository -
                                                                        official collection of Claude skills and examples
                                                                      • Clawdhub - Clawdbot's skill hub. All versions are
                                                                        archived here
                                                                      • SKILLS.sh - Vercel's skills hub
                                                                      Warnings before installing random skills

                                                                      [!warning] Don't install from hubs blindly.

                                                                      Inspect the repo code before adding anything to your agent.

                                                                      • Prompt Injection Attacks -
                                                                        OWASP guide to LLM prompt injection vulnerabilities
                                                                      • OpenClaw <- MoltBot <- Clawdbot
                                                                      • OpenClaw Security Analysis -
                                                                        analysis of prompt injection risks in open agent frameworks
                                                                      • Malware found in a top-downloaded Clawhub skill -
                                                                        incident report thread
                                                                      Additional resources
                                                                      • Few-Shot Prompting -
                                                                        improving outputs with examples
                                                                      • .agents/skills - proposal
                                                                        to standardize the skills folder path
                                                                      • Vercel: AGENTS.md vs Skills -
                                                                        comparison of agent instruction methods
                                                                      Get in touch

                                                                      We'd love to hear from you. Email is the
                                                                      best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                                      ways.

                                                                      We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like
                                                                      to hear more on.

                                                                      • Contact us
                                                                      • Newsletter
                                                                      • Youtube
                                                                      • Website
                                                                      Co-hosts:
                                                                      • Kaushik Gopal
                                                                      • Iury Souza

                                                                      [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind
                                                                      our new direction.

                                                                      27 min
                                                                    • 303 - How LLMs Work - the 20 minute explainer

                                                                      Ever get asked "how do LLMs work?" at a party and freeze? We walk through the full pipeline: tokenization, embeddings, inference — so you understand it well enough to explain it. Walk away with a mental model that you can use for your next dinner party.

                                                                      _Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com.

                                                                      Show NotesWords -> Tokens:
                                                                      • OpenAI Tokenizer visualizer -
                                                                        Visualize how text becomes tokens
                                                                      Tokens -> Embeddings:
                                                                      • RGB Color model - wikipedia
                                                                      • Word2Vec technique - wikipedia
                                                                        • Efficient Estimation of Word Representation -
                                                                          original Word2Vec paper by Mikolov et al.
                                                                      Embeddings -> Inference:
                                                                      • Word embedding
                                                                      • Temperature, Top-k, Top-p samping
                                                                      Get in touch

                                                                      We'd love to hear from you. Email is the
                                                                      best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                                      ways.

                                                                      We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like
                                                                      to hear more on. We want to make the show better for you so let us know!

                                                                      • Contact us
                                                                      • Newsletter
                                                                      • Youtube
                                                                      • Website
                                                                      Co-hosts:
                                                                      • Kaushik Gopal
                                                                      • Iury Souza

                                                                      [!fyi] We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind
                                                                      our new direction.

                                                                      26 min
                                                                    • 302 - MCPs Explained - what they are and when to use them

                                                                      MCPs are everywhere, but are they worth the token cost? We break down what Model Context Protocol actually is, how it differs from just using CLIs, the tradeoffs you should know about, and when MCPs actually make sense for your workflow.

                                                                      Full shownotes at fragmentedpodcast.com/episodes/302.

                                                                      Show Notes
                                                                      • MCP - Model Context Protocol
                                                                      • Remote MCP server example - Glean
                                                                      • AAIF -
                                                                        Agentic AI Foundation setup by Linux foundation
                                                                      • Github MCP
                                                                      • Github gh CLI
                                                                      • Playwright MCP
                                                                      • Context7 MCP
                                                                      • Anthropic's announcement on
                                                                        Advanced Tool Use
                                                                      Tips
                                                                      • Iury: use ast-grep to structurally
                                                                        search code faster
                                                                      • KG: use agent-browser by Vercel to give browsing
                                                                        power to your agent
                                                                      Get in touch

                                                                      We'd love to hear from you. Email is the
                                                                      best way to reach us or you can check our contact page for other
                                                                      ways.

                                                                      We want to hear all the feedback: what's working, what's not, topics you'd like
                                                                      to hear more on. We want to make the show better for you so let us know!

                                                                      • Contact us
                                                                      • Newsletter
                                                                      • Youtube
                                                                      • Website
                                                                      Co-hosts:
                                                                      • Kaushik Gopal
                                                                      • Iury Souza

                                                                      We transitioned from Android development to AI starting with
                                                                      Ep. #300. Listen to that episode for the full story behind
                                                                      our new direction.

                                                                      20 min

                                                                    About Fragmented - AI Developer Podcast

                                                                    From the publisher's feed

                                                                    Fragmented is an AI developer podcast for engineers who want to go beyond vibe coding and ship real software.

                                                                    More shows like Fragmented - AI Developer Podcast

                                                                    Design Details by Brian Lovin, Marshall Bock

                                                                    Design Details

                                                                    360 Listeners

                                                                    Developer Tea by Jonathan Cutrell

                                                                    Developer Tea

                                                                    402 Listeners

                                                                    Does Not Compute by Sean Washington, Rockwell Schrock

                                                                    Does Not Compute

                                                                    53 Listeners

                                                                    Toolsday by Una Kravets, Chris Dhanaraj

                                                                    Toolsday

                                                                    48 Listeners

                                                                    Swift Unwrapped by JP Simard, Jesse Squires, Spec Network, Inc.

                                                                    Swift Unwrapped

                                                                    90 Listeners